本文關(guān)鍵詞： 七年級地理 地圖能力 培養(yǎng)策略　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)前世界各國的地理教育改革進行著一種重要的轉(zhuǎn)變,即從“知識立意”向“能力立意”轉(zhuǎn)變,形成以能力培養(yǎng)為重要內(nèi)容和目標。無論是我國現(xiàn)行的初中地理課程標準的地理知識、地理技能和地理能力培養(yǎng)的要求,還是從國外中學(xué)地理課程標準能力培養(yǎng)的發(fā)展趨勢來看,運用地圖能力是地理學(xué)科區(qū)別于其他學(xué)科能力的顯著特點之一。因此廣大學(xué)者和中學(xué)教師都應(yīng)關(guān)注地圖能力的培養(yǎng)問題。本文運用文獻研究法,教材分析方法,統(tǒng)計分析法和案例分析方法,對2012年人民教育出版社出版的《義務(wù)教育教科書─七年級地理(上下冊)》中的280幅圖進行分類,分析其地圖的具體組成與特點,研究運用這些地圖所能培養(yǎng)的地圖能力及其特點,在此基礎(chǔ)上對應(yīng)探討了案例式的地圖能力培養(yǎng)策略。本論文分為三部分,第一部分介紹了地圖能力研究現(xiàn)狀、內(nèi)容意義和研究方法等。第二部分主要分析了七年級地理新教材的地圖和地圖能力組成特點:⑴分析教材的地圖分為地理分布圖景觀圖示意圖統(tǒng)計圖卡通圖及漫畫組合圖等6大類,共280幅;其中地理分布圖88幅,景觀圖105幅,示意圖39幅,統(tǒng)計圖25幅,卡通及漫畫11幅,組合圖12幅;其中以地理景觀圖和地理分布圖為主。⑵地圖能力培養(yǎng)內(nèi)容廣泛分布于教材的各個章節(jié),可歸納為讀圖能力分析地圖能力繪圖能力和填圖能力這四大方面進行分析;其中讀圖能力是基礎(chǔ),分析地圖能力是重點,繪圖能力和填圖能力是其重要組成部分。教材中的四種地圖能力相互聯(lián)系,相互滲透,共同構(gòu)成了七年級地理地圖能力的內(nèi)容體系。第三部分,筆者結(jié)合新教材中的地圖和地圖能力的組成特點以及依據(jù)教育心理學(xué)理論,探討了案例式的地圖能力培養(yǎng)策略,這些分別是:①以圖設(shè)疑,激發(fā)地圖學(xué)習(xí)動機;②地理表象信息的轉(zhuǎn)換;③區(qū)域地圖判讀法;④循序漸進,導(dǎo)練結(jié)合等四種策略。
[Abstract]:At present, the reform of geography education in various countries of the world is undergoing an important transformation, that is, from "knowledge idea" to "ability intention". To form the ability training as an important content and goal, regardless of the current junior high school geography curriculum standards of geography knowledge, geography skills and geographical ability training requirements. Or from the foreign secondary school geography curriculum standard ability development trend. The use of map ability is one of the outstanding characteristics of geography which is different from other subjects. Therefore, many scholars and middle school teachers should pay attention to the cultivation of map ability. This paper uses the method of literature research and teaching material analysis. The statistical analysis method and the case analysis method classify 280 pictures in the seventh grade geography (upper and lower edition) published by the people's Education Publishing House in 2012. This paper analyzes the specific composition and characteristics of its maps, studies the map ability and its characteristics that can be cultivated by using these maps, and then discusses the strategy of case based map ability cultivation. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part introduces the current situation and content of map capability research. The second part mainly analyzes the map and the map ability constitution characteristic of the new geography textbook of seventh grade. Landscape map? Schematic? Statistics? Cartoons and cartoons? There are 280 pieces of combinatorial diagrams in 6 categories. Among them, 88 geographical distribution maps, 105 landscape maps, 39 schematic maps, 25 statistical diagrams, 11 cartoons and comic books, 12 composite drawings; Among them, geographical landscape map and geographical distribution map are the main content of map ability cultivation, which can be summed up as map reading ability. 2. The content of map ability cultivation is widely distributed in each chapter of teaching material. Ability to analyze maps? The four aspects of drawing ability and mapping ability are analyzed. Among them, the ability of reading map is the foundation, the ability of analyzing map is the key point, the ability of drawing and mapping is an important part of it. The four abilities of map in the textbook are interrelated and permeate each other. In the third part, the author combines the composition characteristics of map and map ability in the new textbook and according to the theory of educational psychology. This paper discusses the strategies of cultivating map ability based on case. These strategies are: 1: 1 to set up doubts to stimulate the motivation of map learning; (2) the transformation of geographical representation information; 3interpretation of regional map; 4 step by step, guide and practice combined with four strategies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.55

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本文編號：1476304