本文關(guān)鍵詞：哈爾濱居住區(qū)植物景觀研究　出處：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 居住區(qū) 植物景觀 評(píng)價(jià) 綠化樹(shù)種 PM2.5

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的發(fā)展,環(huán)境問(wèn)題日益突出。伴隨著快節(jié)奏的生活,人們的精神壓力也逐漸增大。因此,人們也越來(lái)越關(guān)注與其生活質(zhì)量息息相關(guān)的居住區(qū)景觀質(zhì)量。高綠地率和綠化率也并不一定就能實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)質(zhì)的植物景觀,只有科學(xué)合理地進(jìn)行植物配置和設(shè)計(jì)才能形成優(yōu)質(zhì)園林景觀,從而美化和凈化人居環(huán)境,提高整個(gè)居住區(qū)品質(zhì)。哈爾濱冬季時(shí)間十分漫長(zhǎng),園林植物的種類相對(duì)于南方地區(qū)來(lái)說(shuō)比較有限,植物景觀也并不是十分的豐富。且長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的供暖,也增加了該城市大氣中PM2.5的濃度,造成了嚴(yán)重的空氣污染。因此,對(duì)居住區(qū)綠化樹(shù)種減少PM2.5的能力進(jìn)行調(diào)查、評(píng)價(jià)并尋找出令人們感到舒適且喜愉快的植物景觀,能夠在理論上和實(shí)際上優(yōu)化哈爾濱居住區(qū)的植物配置,使得哈爾濱居住區(qū)植物景觀更為豐富。同時(shí),研究也對(duì)其它寒地城市的居住區(qū)植物景觀的營(yíng)建能起到部分的參考作用。本文運(yùn)用了風(fēng)景園林學(xué)、實(shí)驗(yàn)心理學(xué)及數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)等理論,對(duì)具有代表性的10個(gè)哈爾濱居住區(qū)植物群落的種類、類型、群落結(jié)構(gòu)以及配置進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析,并在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)居住區(qū)常用的綠化樹(shù)種減少PM2.5的能力進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià);同時(shí),選取了哈爾濱居住區(qū)不同綠地類型的典型植物景觀進(jìn)行定性與定量評(píng)價(jià),得到了以下的一些結(jié)果:(1)在哈爾濱居住區(qū)植物群落中,共有植物74種,分屬于30科45屬:居住區(qū)植物類型組成以喬木類、灌木類、草本類為主。垂直結(jié)構(gòu)主要是“喬—灌—草”的復(fù)層模式,“喬—灌”模式次之。(2)居住區(qū)常用的綠化樹(shù)種類型中,針葉樹(shù)種減少PM2.5的能力最強(qiáng)。并且喬木中側(cè)柏、刺柏、丹東檜、沙地柏、加楊、色木槭減少PM2.5的能力為強(qiáng),而灌木中則只有鋪地柏減少PM2.5的能力為強(qiáng)。(3)對(duì)哈爾濱居住區(qū)主要的三個(gè)綠地空間的植物景觀:入口、道路綠地植物景觀;宅旁綠地植物景觀;組團(tuán)綠地植物景觀現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。得出了不同綠地空間景觀的營(yíng)造手法和植物運(yùn)用的特點(diǎn)。(4)運(yùn)用BIB-LCJ、SD評(píng)價(jià)法評(píng)價(jià)哈爾濱近期建設(shè)的居住區(qū)的植物景觀,發(fā)現(xiàn)哈爾濱居住區(qū)的植物景觀總體情況良好。兩種評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果基本吻合。(5)采用因子分析法,得出主要影響哈爾濱居住區(qū)植物景觀效果的五個(gè)潛在特定因子:美感因子、活力因子、觀賞性因子、舒適性因子。(6)同時(shí),植物景觀也還是存在一定程度的問(wèn)題,據(jù)此給予了一些相應(yīng)的營(yíng)造植物景觀建議:增加鄉(xiāng)土植物種類;突出近“自然”植物群落的營(yíng)造;加強(qiáng)植物景觀管理養(yǎng)護(hù)體系的完善程度。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic construction in China, environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent. With the rapid pace of life, people's mental pressure is also gradually increasing. People also pay more and more attention to the residential landscape quality which is closely related to their quality of life. High green space rate and green rate are not necessarily able to achieve high-quality plant landscape. Only scientific and reasonable plant configuration and design can form high-quality landscape, thus beautify and purify the living environment, improve the quality of the entire residential area. Harbin winter is a long time. The species of garden plants is relatively limited compared with the southern region, the plant landscape is not very rich, and the long-term heating, also increased the concentration of PM2.5 in the atmosphere of the city. Therefore, the ability of greening trees to reduce PM2.5 in residential areas was investigated, and the plant landscape was evaluated and found to make people feel comfortable and happy. It can optimize the plant configuration of Harbin residential area theoretically and practically, make the plant landscape of Harbin residential area more abundant. At the same time. The study also plays a part of reference to the construction of residential plant landscape in other cold cities. This paper uses the theories of landscape architecture, experimental psychology and mathematical statistics. The species, types, community structure and configuration of plant communities in 10 representative residential areas in Harbin were systematically analyzed. On the basis of this, the ability of reducing PM2.5 of common greening tree species in residential area was evaluated. At the same time, selected the typical plant landscape of different types of green space in Harbin residential area for qualitative and quantitative evaluation, obtained the following results: 1) there are 74 species of plants in the plant community of Harbin residential area. They belong to 30 families and 45 genera. The plant types in the residential area are mainly Arbor, shrub and herbaceous. The vertical structure is mainly composed of "Arbor, shrub and grass". Among the common greening tree species in residential area, coniferous species have the strongest ability to reduce PM2.5, and Arbor Platycladus orientalis, Platycladus przewalskii, Dandong juniper, Sabina dandungensis, Cypress dandongensis and Populus katsui are the most effective in reducing PM2.5. The ability of reducing PM2.5 of Acer mongolica is strong, while the ability of reducing PM2.5 in shrub is strong. 3) the plant landscape of three main green spaces in Harbin residential area: entrances. Plant landscape of road green space; Plant landscape of green space beside house; The present situation of plant landscape of group green space was analyzed. The methods of building different green space landscape and the characteristics of plant application were obtained. (4) BIB-LCJ was used. The evaluation method of SD was used to evaluate the plant landscape of the recently constructed residential area in Harbin, and it was found that the overall situation of the plant landscape in the residential area of Harbin was good. The two evaluation results were basically consistent with each other. 5) the factor analysis method was used. Five potential specific factors which mainly affect the plant landscape effect of Harbin residential area: aesthetic factor, vitality factor, ornamental factor, comfort factor. 6) at the same time. There are still some problems in plant landscape, according to which some suggestions are given to construct plant landscape: to increase the species of native plants; Stress the construction of the near "natural" plant community; Strengthen the improvement of plant landscape management and conservation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU985.125

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本文編號(hào)：1421425