本文關(guān)鍵詞：紀(jì)錄片的人物心理表現(xiàn)手法研究　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：影視藝術(shù)是一種運(yùn)用多種敘事手段和視聽手段,來進(jìn)行人物心理活動(dòng)刻畫的藝術(shù)樣式。它是以敘事學(xué)和影視技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ),以鏡頭和聲音為媒介,在流動(dòng)的影像中創(chuàng)造形象,再現(xiàn)和反映生活的一門藝術(shù)。紀(jì)錄片作為影視藝術(shù)中的一種類型,始終以記錄每個(gè)時(shí)代人們的生存狀態(tài)為己任。人的一切個(gè)人行為和社會(huì)行為都是內(nèi)心的反應(yīng),所以塑造真實(shí)的人物形象,離不開人物心理的刻畫。在當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外紀(jì)錄片的理論研究和創(chuàng)作實(shí)踐上,紀(jì)錄片的人物心理塑造還沒有引起足夠的重視,而通過表現(xiàn)人物內(nèi)心思想、情緒,塑造人物心理是紀(jì)錄片創(chuàng)作的關(guān)鍵。本文以紀(jì)錄片的人物心理表現(xiàn)為主要研究?jī)?nèi)容,以求摸索出一套紀(jì)錄片表現(xiàn)人物心理時(shí)行之有效的方法。在寫作過程中,筆者閱讀了相關(guān)理論著作,觀摩了從我國上世紀(jì)80年代以來以及國外紀(jì)錄片發(fā)展史上的經(jīng)典紀(jì)錄片,整理目前一些紀(jì)錄片創(chuàng)作過程中塑造人物心理的經(jīng)驗(yàn),并親自實(shí)踐拍攝《微山島最美鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)》和《小唐的騎行中國夢(mèng)》兩部紀(jì)錄片,在理論和實(shí)踐中共同把握紀(jì)錄片人物心理表現(xiàn)手法。本文經(jīng)過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在紀(jì)錄片敘事中表現(xiàn)人物心理時(shí),敘事結(jié)構(gòu)的安排能夠用來表現(xiàn)人物心理的變化,敘事情節(jié)的發(fā)展也能夠暗示人物的心理起伏,敘事細(xì)節(jié)可以豐富人物的內(nèi)心世界,不同敘事視角的選取往往能夠透視人物心理不同層次上的橫切面。運(yùn)用畫面語言表現(xiàn)人物心理時(shí),應(yīng)該在影片中多使用符合紀(jì)錄片創(chuàng)作的鏡頭,比如用長(zhǎng)鏡頭主動(dòng)尋找故事,展現(xiàn)的人物心理就是完整的,而景深鏡頭在展現(xiàn)人物心理時(shí),帶給觀眾的是多義性的解讀,從而也給紀(jì)錄片人物心理的刻畫帶來蘊(yùn)藉性,為觀眾留下可思考的空間。特寫在表現(xiàn)人物心理時(shí),有著不可忽視的作用,往往能夠在瞬間突出人物的心靈景觀。畫面色彩與畫面節(jié)奏對(duì)于人物心理的刻畫同樣至關(guān)重要,通過不同色彩參與畫面構(gòu)圖,直接映射人物心理。紀(jì)錄片可以根據(jù)快慢不同的節(jié)奏來表現(xiàn)人物心理的緊張或平靜的狀態(tài);聲音是視聽語言中的另一個(gè)重要表現(xiàn)元素,同期聲、解說、音樂、和音響都是紀(jì)錄片中較多使用的聲音元素,同期聲一方面能夠完整的記錄人物的語言,解讀出的人物心理意義就較為有說服力。而解說詞能直接道破人物心之所想,音樂和音響在表現(xiàn)人物心理時(shí),起輔助作用,渲染人物情緒。紀(jì)錄片的創(chuàng)作還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走,尤其在人物心理表現(xiàn)上,一直是紀(jì)錄片創(chuàng)作中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn),通過本文的寫作,筆者對(duì)人物心理表現(xiàn)手法有了更深入的把握,期望本文研究成果能為以后的紀(jì)錄片創(chuàng)作提供一定的借鑒意義,在此基礎(chǔ)上,不斷豐富更多的創(chuàng)作方法,增強(qiáng)紀(jì)錄片的表現(xiàn)力和感染力。
[Abstract]:The film is an art of using a variety of narrative means and audio-visual means, to portray the psychology of characters art style. It is on the narrative and film technology as the foundation, the lens and the voice for the media, to create the image in the flow of the image, reflect and reproduce life an art. As a type of documentary film in art, has always been to record each time people's living state responsibility. All the personal behavior and social behavior is the heart of the reaction, so the creation of real characters, cannot do without psychological characterization. In the theoretical study and creation practice of the domestic and foreign documentaries on the psychology of the characters shaping the documentary also did not cause enough attention, and through the performance of characters' inner thoughts, emotions, psychological characters is the key to documentary. The documentary characters as the main research in psychological performance Let, in order to explore a set of documentary character psychological time effective method. In the process of writing, the author read the relevant theoretical works, observe from the last century in China since 80s and the history of foreign documentary on the classic documentary, finishing the characters psychological experience some documentary creation process, and personally the practice of shooting the most beautiful island of Weishan < rural doctors "and" small Tang riding Chinese dream > two documentary documentary, to grasp the psychology of the characters expression in theory and practice. This paper has found that the performance figures in the documentary narrative psychology, narrative structure arrangement can be used to show the changes of psychological development, narrative the plot also can imply that the psychological characters of ups and downs, narrative details can enrich people's inner world, different narrative perspectives tend to people's psychological perspective is not the same layer On the cross section. The use of the picture language psychological characters, should comply with the documentary footage in the film, for example, with a long lens actively looking for stories, presenting characters of psychological is complete, but the depth of field lens in showing people's psychology, the audience is the interpretation of polysemy, which has brought the implication of to describe the documentary the psychology of characters, to leave the space of thinking for the audience. Featured in character psychological, a role that can not be ignored, often in the heart of the characters. The landscape prominent moment for describing the psychology of the characters of the color and picture rhythm is also important, through the different colors in the picture composition, direct mapping of character psychology nervous or calm state. The documentary can express the character psychology according to the different speed of the rhythm; sound is the audio-visual language of another important element, Soundbite, commentary, music, and sound effects are used more sound elements in the documentary, on the one hand to record the voice character of the language, interpretation of the characters psychological meaning is more persuasive. But the commentary can directly reveal the characters of the heart would like to, music and sound in character psychological. Play a supporting role, rendering the characters emotions documentary. There is a long way to go, especially in the psychology of the characters on the performance, has been a difficulty in the documentary creation, the writing of this article, the author of the psychology of the characters expression have a more in-depth grasp, hope this research can provide a reference for the documentary film creation, on this basis, constantly enrich the creation method more, enhance the documentary expressive and appealing.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：J952

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本文編號(hào)：1397902