本文選題：箴體文　切入點：正體　出處：《華僑大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：漢魏六朝是文體觀念日臻成熟的重要時期。箴作為一種與政治、世教有密切聯(lián)系的古老文體,在先秦時期并沒有形成固定的文體樣式和箴諫模式。直到西漢,揚雄大量地創(chuàng)作箴體文才使其走向成熟并基本定型。經(jīng)過漢魏六朝數(shù)個世紀的發(fā)展,箴體文逐漸呈現(xiàn)出新的面貌。論文以創(chuàng)作時代為次,從箴諫對象和創(chuàng)作主體兩個方面入手,對箴體文進行新的分類。并且以此為基礎,探析箴體文在體制、功能和風格等方面的“正”與“變”,厘清箴體文在漢魏六朝的流變史。通過分析漢魏六朝箴體文的創(chuàng)作面貌及其分類可以發(fā)現(xiàn),由“正體”到“變體”是箴體文在這一時期的發(fā)展主線。就“正體”而言,其特點主要表現(xiàn)在稽古虞箴的典范體制、“官箴王闕”的箴諫模式、以御過補闕為主的正體功能以及清壯切至的正體風格等四個方面。就“變體”而言,則主要表現(xiàn)在以下四個方面:首先是體制的變化,表現(xiàn)為“長箴”和“序文”的出現(xiàn);其次是箴諫模式的變化,主要表現(xiàn)為箴諫對象和創(chuàng)作主體的擴大以及贈箴和自箴兼他箴箴諫形式的出現(xiàn);再次是功能的變化,表現(xiàn)為普世性規(guī)勸和訓戒功能的出現(xiàn);最后是語體風格的變化,主要表現(xiàn)為激切犀利、語重心長、委婉情深、清麗簡約等多種風格的出現(xiàn)。漢魏六朝箴體文之所以由“正”到“變”,主要有三個方面的原因。首先是政治和文化生態(tài)層面。政治更迭在很大程度上決定了箴諫對象,文化變遷使箴文在思想方面擁有新的風貌,如出現(xiàn)了專門闡發(fā)玄學和佛學的作品。其次是文學生態(tài)層面。漢賦影響著箴文的寫作方式和文體風格。第三是文人生態(tài)層面。個人生存境遇深刻影響著箴諫對象、箴諫形式以及作品風格;與此同時,家族傳統(tǒng)在箴體文的發(fā)展道路上起著重要作用。隨著封建君權的加強、監(jiān)察制度的完善和矢言之道的闕失,以御過補闕為己任的箴體便失去了生長的土壤。這也正好說明了后來箴體衰落的原因及在當代重提箴體創(chuàng)作的必要性。
[Abstract]:The Han, Wei and six dynasties were the important periods when the stylistic ideas matured. Pro, as an ancient style closely related to politics, had not formed a fixed style of style and admonition pattern in the pre-Qin period. Until the Western Han Dynasty, there was no fixed style and pattern of admonition. After centuries of development in the Han, Wei and six dynasties, Progenics gradually took on a new look. The thesis started from the object of admonition and the subject of creation, taking the creation time as the second place, starting with the object of admonition and the subject of creation. A new classification of proverbs is carried out. On this basis, we explore the system of proverbs. The function and style of "Zheng" and "change" in order to clarify the history of the evolution of the proverbs in the Han, Wei and the six dynasties. Through the analysis of the Han, Wei, and the six dynasties, we can find out the features of the creation and classification of the Progeniture of the Han, Wei, and the six dynasties. From "orthodox" to "variant" is the main line of development in this period. As far as "orthodox" is concerned, its characteristics are mainly manifested in the model system of Yuzhen, the admonition mode of "Guan Zhen Wang que". In terms of "variation", it is mainly manifested in the following four aspects: first, the change of the system, manifested by the appearance of "Changzhen" and "preface"; The second is the change of pro admonition mode, which is mainly manifested in the expansion of the object of admonition and the creation of the subject, the appearance of the form of giving pro and self pro and admonishing pro pro, the change of function, the appearance of universal exhortation and admonition; Finally, it is the change of style, which is characterized by sharp and sharp speech, long speech and deep euphemism. The emergence of various styles such as Qingli and simplicity. There are three main reasons for the change from "positive" to "changing" in the Prose style of the Han, Wei and six dynasties. First, there are political and cultural ecological aspects. Political change determines the object of admonition to a large extent. The change of culture has made pro Wen have a new style in thought. For example, there have been works devoted to the elucidation of metaphysics and Buddhism, followed by the ecological aspect of literature. Han Fu affects the writing style and stylistic style of proverbs. The third is the ecological aspect of literati. Personal living conditions deeply affect the object of admonition. At the same time, the family tradition played an important role in the development of Progeniture. With the strengthening of feudal monarchy, the perfection of supervision system and the lack of word, The pro body with the responsibility of imperial defense has lost the soil of growth, which explains the reason of the decline of pro body and the necessity of putting forward the creation of pro style again in the contemporary era.
【學位授予單位】：華僑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I206.2

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