本文選題：袁宏道　切入點(diǎn)：《廣莊》　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《廣莊》是公安派領(lǐng)袖袁宏道援引儒、佛思想解讀《莊子》的著作,集中體現(xiàn)了他對(duì)儒、釋、道三教的融會(huì)。他依照《莊子》內(nèi)七篇的篇名與次第,分別對(duì)《莊子》原文進(jìn)行概括和總結(jié),雖是注《莊》卻又不是簡(jiǎn)單地疏解字句文意,而是借注《莊》之名,運(yùn)用佛學(xué)和儒學(xué)的概念對(duì)《莊子》所提出的眾多哲學(xué)問題進(jìn)行重新解釋,將三教思想融會(huì)其中。袁宏道《廣莊》中對(duì)三教的融會(huì)始終是以“自適”為原則來進(jìn)行的,也就是說,他作《廣莊》不僅意在會(huì)通三教,更企圖借三教之學(xué)問道理在分崩離析的晚明找尋生存之道,建立起他的“自適”哲學(xué)。所以《廣莊》不僅體現(xiàn)了袁宏道對(duì)三教的理解,更體現(xiàn)了他的人生哲學(xué)�！稄V莊·逍遙游》援引佛教之圓融境界詮釋莊子之逍遙境界,認(rèn)為只有“安分”才能逍遙,他所追求的實(shí)際上是一種“適性逍遙”的境界,體現(xiàn)了他“自適”的情懷。《廣莊·齊物論》以“六根”來詮釋“成心”,又以佛教的“空”來齊是非,目的在于調(diào)和是非以“自適”。《廣莊·養(yǎng)生主》以佛教“無生”的觀念來詮釋養(yǎng)生,認(rèn)為生命的意義在于明白無生可養(yǎng)、生不待養(yǎng)�！稄V莊·人間世》將莊子的“心齋”理解為佛教的“破我見”,力圖以“自適”為原則調(diào)和儒、佛之間入世與出世的矛盾,以求“適世”�！稄V莊·德充符》用佛教的“三界唯心,萬法唯識(shí)”來調(diào)和身心矛盾,意在說明緣去而識(shí)亡,形體若無神識(shí)存之于內(nèi),便毫無意義可言,而覺悟此心是空,自然德充。《廣莊·大宗師》繼承發(fā)展了莊子悟生死以體道的思想,指出“道”是無生無死的存在,并以此為契機(jī)溝通了儒、釋、道三教�！稄V莊·應(yīng)帝王》基本上承襲了莊子的這一思想,以“無為”作為圣王之治的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。袁宏道提出“簡(jiǎn)用著博”,不僅將“無為”當(dāng)做治國之道,更將其視為治己之方�！稄V莊》是袁宏道思想轉(zhuǎn)變期間的代表性著作,也是其思想承前啟后的關(guān)鍵,對(duì)他個(gè)人而言具有重大意義�！稄V莊》還是一部會(huì)通三教的典型著作,它以“自適”為原則對(duì)儒家入世與佛教出世的矛盾進(jìn)行了調(diào)和;又用“以佛補(bǔ)莊”、“以佛釋莊”的方式來“攝莊歸佛”;最后還以生死問題貫通了儒、釋、道三教,集中體現(xiàn)了袁宏道對(duì)三教的理解和融攝�！稄V莊》不但體現(xiàn)了袁宏道個(gè)人對(duì)人生的思考,也反映了晚明這一特殊歷史時(shí)期中國士人對(duì)待三教文化的態(tài)度和對(duì)自身的反思。本文在對(duì)袁宏道生平、思想,以及晚明社會(huì)文化背景考察的基礎(chǔ)上,著重對(duì)《廣莊》中的三教思想進(jìn)行解析。旨在探究袁宏道是如何融會(huì)三教思想,對(duì)《莊子》做出新的解釋,并以此來反映晚明三教融合的歷史狀況和晚明士人對(duì)人生的思考。
[Abstract]:< > is the public security Canton Village leader Yuan Hongdao quoted Confucianism, Buddhism interpretation of < Chuang-tzu > works embodies his faith in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism together. And in him in accordance with the order of seven pieces of < Chuang-tzu >, < Chuang-tzu > text of the summary and conclusion is note "Zhuang > but not simply words ease the meaning, but by the name of < > Zhuang note, many philosophical problems using the concept of Buddhism and Confucianism of the re interpretation of Chuang-tzu < >, will be one of three religions. Yuan Hongdao < > in the mix of wide Zhuang Buddhism is always based on the" adaptive "in principle, that is to say, he" not only will pass to wide Zhuang > three, three more tried to borrow knowledge of truth in the late Ming Dynasty fall apart to survive for, set up his "adaptive" philosophy. So < > Guang Zhuang not only reflects the Yuan Hongdao understanding of Buddhism, but also his philosophy of life. 騫垮簞路閫嶉仴娓，

本文編號(hào)：1572157