新課程背景下初中生作文語病現(xiàn)狀研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-27 21:48
【摘要】：“文從字順”是《全日制義務(wù)教育語文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn)稿)》和《義務(wù)教育語文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》對(duì)初中生寫作提出的基本要求,是學(xué)生正確理解和運(yùn)用祖國語言文字的基本體現(xiàn)。歷史上,在對(duì)中學(xué)生語文學(xué)習(xí)狀況或語言運(yùn)用情況的調(diào)查研究中，，作文語病頻次往往是統(tǒng)計(jì)分析的重要維度,如1979年人民教育出版社中學(xué)學(xué)語文編輯室對(duì)中學(xué)生語文狀況的調(diào)查、1997年北京市“中學(xué)生語言能力培養(yǎng)系統(tǒng)”課題調(diào)查組對(duì)在學(xué)中學(xué)生語言學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查以及1999年曹保平對(duì)北京市城區(qū)初中學(xué)生語言文字使用情況的調(diào)查,均考察了作文語病現(xiàn)象。在新課改已經(jīng)進(jìn)行十年的今天,在2011年版義務(wù)教育語文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)頒布之際,對(duì)初中生作文語病現(xiàn)象再次作出考察,不僅可以了解“新課標(biāo)”中“文從字順”這一寫作目標(biāo)的基本達(dá)成狀況,從一個(gè)側(cè)面了解到新課程背景下學(xué)生的語言運(yùn)用現(xiàn)狀,還可以從一個(gè)側(cè)面反映中學(xué)語文教育的問題。 本研究共從北京市城區(qū)和郊區(qū)選取了3所層次不同的學(xué)校,對(duì)初一、初二年級(jí)11個(gè)教學(xué)班的180篇考場作文作了語料采集,共采集到語病2233例,其中初一年級(jí)1245例,初二年級(jí)988例。對(duì)這些語病進(jìn)行了分類統(tǒng)計(jì),并在此基礎(chǔ)上作了定性分析；通過年級(jí)間和校際間的對(duì)比,對(duì)語病的產(chǎn)生情況作了較為系統(tǒng)的考察,并與歷史研究進(jìn)行了比較,從而對(duì)初中生作文語病現(xiàn)狀有了較為深入的認(rèn)識(shí)。 通過分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)在初中生作文的各類語病中,語法語病中的成分殘余和語義語病中的詞語使用不當(dāng)(主要為虛詞錯(cuò)用和詞語錯(cuò)用)占總體比例最高,是初中生作文語病的主流。從初一到初二,學(xué)生作文語病頻次整體呈下降趨勢,但不同層次學(xué)校學(xué)生作文語病的產(chǎn)生情況有所不同。新課改前,有研究指出,初中階段學(xué)生書面表達(dá)的語病以詞語誤用為主,初一至初二年級(jí)語病頻次呈下降趨勢。比較發(fā)現(xiàn),新課程背景下初中生作文語病頻次初一至初二年級(jí)仍呈下降趨勢,但語法語病中的成分殘余和語義語病中的詞語使用不當(dāng)共同構(gòu)成了初中生作文語病的主流。 探求初中生作文語病的成因,發(fā)現(xiàn)作文語病的產(chǎn)生既受學(xué)生特定的言語發(fā)展水平的限制,也與自主修改意識(shí)缺失有關(guān)；教學(xué)中教師指導(dǎo)和教材編寫方面的不足也是導(dǎo)致初中生作文產(chǎn)生語病的重要原因；同時(shí),初中生的書面表達(dá)還受到了網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言和漫畫(動(dòng)漫)語言的影響。 上述歸因給中學(xué)語文教學(xué)帶來一些啟示。為減少學(xué)學(xué)生作文中的語病,對(duì)教師來說,要認(rèn)識(shí)到語病具有不可避免性和可減消性以及學(xué)生作文語病的影響因素；對(duì)教學(xué)來說,要努力培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語感,要教授“精要、好懂、管用”的語言知識(shí),要切實(shí)落實(shí)作文修改環(huán)節(jié)；對(duì)教材編寫來說,應(yīng)呈現(xiàn)切實(shí)有用的語言知識(shí),對(duì)作文修改作出方法上的指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:The Chinese Curriculum Standard for full-time compulsory Education (Experimental draft) and the Chinese Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) are the basic requirements for junior middle school students to write. It is the basic embodiment of students' correct understanding and use of the language and characters of the motherland. Historically, in the investigation and research of middle school students' Chinese learning condition or language use, the frequency of composition diseases is often an important dimension of statistical analysis. For example, in 1979, a survey of the situation of middle school students in the editorial Room of Chinese Studies of the people's Education Publishing House, In 1997, the investigation team of "training system of Middle School students' language competence" in Beijing investigated the current situation of middle school students' language learning in school and Cao Baoping's investigation on the use of language and characters of junior high school students in Beijing in 1999. All of them investigated the phenomenon of scribbling disease. Now that the new curriculum reform has been carried out for ten years, on the occasion of the promulgation of the 2011 edition of the Chinese Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education, the phenomenon of writing language disorders among junior middle school students has been re-examined. We can not only understand the basic achievement of the writing goal of "text from word order" in the New Curriculum Standard, but also understand the current situation of students' language use in the background of the new curriculum, and also reflect the problem of Chinese education in middle schools from a side. In this study, three schools with different levels were selected from the urban and suburban areas of Beijing, and the data were collected from 11 teaching classes in the first and second grade of junior high school. 2233 cases of language diseases were collected, of which 1245 were in the first year of junior high school, and 1245 were in the first year of junior high school. There are 988 cases in the second year of junior high school. On the basis of the classification and statistics of these diseases, the qualitative analysis is made. Through the comparison between grade and inter-school, this paper makes a systematic investigation on the occurrence of language diseases, and compares them with the historical research, so as to have a deeper understanding of the present situation of junior high school students' composition diseases. Through the analysis, it is found that in all kinds of diseases of composition of junior middle school students, the residual elements in the disease of language and the improper use of words in semantic diseases account for the highest proportion in the whole, and it is the mainstream of the diseases of composition in junior high school students. From the first year of junior high school to the second year of junior high school, the frequency of students' writing diseasesshowed a downward trend, but the occurrence of different levels of school students' writing maladies was different. Before the new curriculum reform, some research points out that the language diseases of junior middle school students' written expression are mainly misuse of words, and the frequency of language diseases in grade 1 to 8 of junior high school shows a decreasing trend. It is found that under the background of the new curriculum, the frequency of composition disorders in junior high school students is still decreasing from the first year of junior high school to the second grade of junior high school. However, the residual elements in the disease of grammar and the improper use of words in semantic diseases constitute the mainstream of the diseases of composition in junior middle school students. It is found that the formation of writing disorders is not only limited by the students' specific level of speech development, but also related to the lack of consciousness of self-revision. The shortage of teachers' guidance and textbook compilation in teaching is also an important cause of language illness in junior high school students' composition. At the same time, the written expression of junior high school students is also influenced by network language and cartoon (cartoon) language. The above attribution brings some enlightenment to middle school Chinese teaching. In order to reduce the language diseases in the students' composition, teachers should realize that the language diseases are inevitable and reducible, and the influencing factors of the students' composition diseases; As far as teaching is concerned, it is necessary to cultivate students' sense of language, to teach the language knowledge of "good understanding, good understanding and effective", and to carry out the revision of composition. For the compilation of teaching materials, practical and useful knowledge of language should be presented, and methodological guidance should be given to the revision of the composition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G633.34
本文編號(hào)：2467333
[Abstract]:The Chinese Curriculum Standard for full-time compulsory Education (Experimental draft) and the Chinese Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) are the basic requirements for junior middle school students to write. It is the basic embodiment of students' correct understanding and use of the language and characters of the motherland. Historically, in the investigation and research of middle school students' Chinese learning condition or language use, the frequency of composition diseases is often an important dimension of statistical analysis. For example, in 1979, a survey of the situation of middle school students in the editorial Room of Chinese Studies of the people's Education Publishing House, In 1997, the investigation team of "training system of Middle School students' language competence" in Beijing investigated the current situation of middle school students' language learning in school and Cao Baoping's investigation on the use of language and characters of junior high school students in Beijing in 1999. All of them investigated the phenomenon of scribbling disease. Now that the new curriculum reform has been carried out for ten years, on the occasion of the promulgation of the 2011 edition of the Chinese Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education, the phenomenon of writing language disorders among junior middle school students has been re-examined. We can not only understand the basic achievement of the writing goal of "text from word order" in the New Curriculum Standard, but also understand the current situation of students' language use in the background of the new curriculum, and also reflect the problem of Chinese education in middle schools from a side. In this study, three schools with different levels were selected from the urban and suburban areas of Beijing, and the data were collected from 11 teaching classes in the first and second grade of junior high school. 2233 cases of language diseases were collected, of which 1245 were in the first year of junior high school, and 1245 were in the first year of junior high school. There are 988 cases in the second year of junior high school. On the basis of the classification and statistics of these diseases, the qualitative analysis is made. Through the comparison between grade and inter-school, this paper makes a systematic investigation on the occurrence of language diseases, and compares them with the historical research, so as to have a deeper understanding of the present situation of junior high school students' composition diseases. Through the analysis, it is found that in all kinds of diseases of composition of junior middle school students, the residual elements in the disease of language and the improper use of words in semantic diseases account for the highest proportion in the whole, and it is the mainstream of the diseases of composition in junior high school students. From the first year of junior high school to the second year of junior high school, the frequency of students' writing diseasesshowed a downward trend, but the occurrence of different levels of school students' writing maladies was different. Before the new curriculum reform, some research points out that the language diseases of junior middle school students' written expression are mainly misuse of words, and the frequency of language diseases in grade 1 to 8 of junior high school shows a decreasing trend. It is found that under the background of the new curriculum, the frequency of composition disorders in junior high school students is still decreasing from the first year of junior high school to the second grade of junior high school. However, the residual elements in the disease of grammar and the improper use of words in semantic diseases constitute the mainstream of the diseases of composition in junior middle school students. It is found that the formation of writing disorders is not only limited by the students' specific level of speech development, but also related to the lack of consciousness of self-revision. The shortage of teachers' guidance and textbook compilation in teaching is also an important cause of language illness in junior high school students' composition. At the same time, the written expression of junior high school students is also influenced by network language and cartoon (cartoon) language. The above attribution brings some enlightenment to middle school Chinese teaching. In order to reduce the language diseases in the students' composition, teachers should realize that the language diseases are inevitable and reducible, and the influencing factors of the students' composition diseases; As far as teaching is concerned, it is necessary to cultivate students' sense of language, to teach the language knowledge of "good understanding, good understanding and effective", and to carry out the revision of composition. For the compilation of teaching materials, practical and useful knowledge of language should be presented, and methodological guidance should be given to the revision of the composition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G633.34
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 馮大偉;初中生作文語病調(diào)查及教學(xué)對(duì)策研究[D];山東師范大學(xué);2013年
本文編號(hào)：2467333
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/wenyilunwen/dongmansheji/2467333.html
最近更新
教材專著
