本文選題：高速公路視景仿真　切入點(diǎn)：地形生成　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng)及交通事業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展,我國公路建設(shè)進(jìn)入了新的發(fā)展時(shí)期,國內(nèi)擬建及在建的高速公路大量增加。為了提高高速公路交通安全性,及早發(fā)現(xiàn)并修正項(xiàng)目方案中的安全隱患,從而設(shè)計(jì)或改造出具備較高安全性的道路,基于汽車駕駛模擬器的高速公路安全性評(píng)價(jià)成為重要的研究課題。在交通安全仿真評(píng)價(jià)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,大規(guī)模高速公路三維視景仿真成為其中的關(guān)鍵。高速公路視景仿真軟件不僅可以作為高速公路安全性評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)還可以作為項(xiàng)目招標(biāo)過程中的效果演示及工程完工后的展示,具有重要的研究意義。 本研究在真實(shí)的地形和道路數(shù)據(jù)基礎(chǔ)上,研究了大規(guī)模高速公路場(chǎng)景的整體劃分方案、基于CAD數(shù)據(jù)的大規(guī)模地形快速生成方法、地形和道路匹配算法。并研究了一套快速構(gòu)建高速公路視景仿真系統(tǒng)的框架模型,基于六武高速公路設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)生成了六武高速公路視景仿真系統(tǒng),研究的主要內(nèi)容包括以下幾個(gè)方面。 (1)研究了大規(guī)模高速公路場(chǎng)景的整體劃分方案。一般高速公路修建的非常長(zhǎng),決定了高速公路場(chǎng)景的大規(guī)模特性。為了對(duì)場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行有效的組織,減少計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)存的消耗,提高渲染效率,必須對(duì)整個(gè)高速公路場(chǎng)景進(jìn)行劃分�；诟咚俟肪�性、狹長(zhǎng)的特性,本文提出了按照高速公路線形走勢(shì)進(jìn)行場(chǎng)景劃分,并給出了場(chǎng)景整體劃分的方案。 (2)研究了基于真實(shí)地形數(shù)據(jù)的地形生成技術(shù)。高速公路視景仿真中地形仿真是最重要的部分,為了能夠真實(shí)再現(xiàn)高速公路周邊的地形場(chǎng)景必須采用地形原始數(shù)據(jù)來生成地形。本文基于CAD地形原始數(shù)據(jù),分析了DXF文件格式,研究了離散點(diǎn)提取算法對(duì)離散點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提取。然后采用surfit軟件對(duì)提取出的離散點(diǎn)進(jìn)行插值生成格網(wǎng)地形模型,同時(shí)研究了格網(wǎng)地形模型的渲染及多重紋理映射技術(shù),并研究了多塊地形之間的邊緣融合算法解決了多塊地形之間的拼接問題。 (3)研究了地形與路面匹配問題。在高速公路視景仿真過程中,道路和地形模型是分別通過不同的方式建立的,由于地形數(shù)據(jù)是在高速公路未建設(shè)之前航拍得到的,而在道路修建的過程中需要對(duì)地形進(jìn)行填挖處理,因此建立的地形與路面模型存在不匹配的問題,需要對(duì)地形與路面進(jìn)行匹配。本文根據(jù)高速公路仿真中建立的地形與道路模型,提出了基于格網(wǎng)模型的地形與道路匹配算法。 (4)研究了高速公路視景仿真框架模型。為了能夠快速構(gòu)建高速公路視景仿真系統(tǒng),本文研究了基于數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動(dòng)的高速公路視景仿真框架,采用動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)度策略解決了大規(guī)模高速公路場(chǎng)景的實(shí)時(shí)漫游問題,并研究了基于道路線形的高速公路自動(dòng)漫游方案,采用球面線性插值解決了自動(dòng)漫游過程中的抖動(dòng)問題。結(jié)合六武高速公路設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了六武高速公路視景仿真系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the rapid growth of the national economy and transportation, highway construction in China has entered a new period of development, and the domestic highway under construction increased significantly. In order to improve the highway traffic safety, early detection and correction of the project of security risks, so as to design or modify the way to have a high level of security, the highway safety evaluation based on vehicle driving simulator has become an important research topic. In the evaluation of traffic safety in the simulation experiment, the large-scale highway 3D scene simulation has become one of the key highway. The visual simulation software not only can be used as the basis of highway safety evaluation, and also can be used as the demonstration project bidding process and engineering after the completion of the exhibition, the research has important significance.
In this study, the terrain and the road of real data based on the overall scheme of division, the large-scale highway scene, fast generation of large scale terrain based on CAD data, terrain and road matching algorithm. And studies a set of rapid construction of highway scene simulation system framework model of the system, six Wu highway design data generated six Wuhan the visual simulation system based on the main research contents include the following aspects.
(1) the overall scheme of large-scale highway scene. General freeway is very long, determines the characteristics of large-scale highway scenes. In order to effectively organize the scene, reduce memory consumption, improve rendering efficiency, it is necessary to partition the whole highway scene. Based on the characteristics of highway linear, narrow, the the scene is divided according to the highway alignment trend, and gives the whole scene division scheme.
(2) the study of terrain generation techniques based on real terrain data. The visual terrain simulation scene simulation is the most important part, in order to be able to reproduce the expressway surrounding terrain scene must use the original terrain data to generate terrain. The terrain data based on CAD, analyzes the DXF file format, studies the extraction algorithm of discrete point extraction of discrete points. Then surfit software was used to generate mesh model of discrete points extracted at the same time, study the grid model of terrain rendering and texture mapping technology, and study the multi block terrain edge fusion algorithm to solve the problems of splicing between the terrain.
(3) to study the terrain matching problem in highway and pavement. The visual simulation of road and terrain model is established respectively through different ways, because of the terrain data is obtained before the construction of the aerial highway, the need for terrain excavation process in the construction of roads, so the terrain and road the model does not match the problem, it is necessary to match the terrain and pavement. According to the terrain and road model in the simulation of highway, road and terrain matching algorithm is proposed based on grid model.
(4) on the freeway scene simulation model. In order to be able to quickly build a visual simulation system of expressway, this paper studies the data driven highway scene simulation framework based on the dynamic scheduling strategy to solve the problem of real-time roaming of large-scale highway scene, and study the automatic roaming scheme of road alignment of highway based on the spherical linear to solve the problem of automatic interpolation jitter in the roaming process. To achieve the six Wu highway scene simulation system with six Wu highway design data.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.41

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