本文選題：動(dòng)漫　切入點(diǎn)：動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)在已成為世界公認(rèn)的新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。在我國(guó),這項(xiàng)產(chǎn)業(yè)雖然有著政府的大力支持和經(jīng)濟(jì)科技力量的支撐,但因?yàn)槠鸩捷^晚,仍在發(fā)展過(guò)程中存在著諸多不利因素。相比之下,發(fā)達(dá)的美日韓動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)背后,則有著值得我們駐足品讀的曲折產(chǎn)業(yè)歷史,以及值得我們思考借鑒的成熟產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)制。 雖然對(duì)于一個(gè)規(guī)模龐大的產(chǎn)業(yè)來(lái)講,取得快速發(fā)展并非朝夕之事,但分析研究其產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈構(gòu)成和產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)制特征,明確優(yōu)勢(shì)所在,探討不足之處,對(duì)于促進(jìn)我國(guó)的動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展將會(huì)具有非常積極的意義——這是本文的寫(xiě)作目的。 在上述目的的引導(dǎo)下,以時(shí)間為線索縱觀美日韓動(dòng)漫發(fā)展史,并用橫向?qū)Ρ确▽?duì)分析歸納了各自的動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)特征,解讀產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展與科技文化的時(shí)代關(guān)聯(lián)。其后聚焦我國(guó)動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀,展開(kāi)對(duì)于我國(guó)動(dòng)漫業(yè)如何借鑒他國(guó)優(yōu)秀經(jīng)驗(yàn)的探討。 首先分析的是以迪斯尼為業(yè)界主體的美國(guó)動(dòng)漫歷史與產(chǎn)業(yè)。早期以動(dòng)畫(huà)電影和動(dòng)畫(huà)品牌形象為開(kāi)拓點(diǎn),開(kāi)創(chuàng)出以形象授權(quán)為核心的商業(yè)特許經(jīng)營(yíng)模式,由此又拓展出世界主題公園等頗具創(chuàng)意的商業(yè)運(yùn)作形式。經(jīng)過(guò)二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期動(dòng)漫業(yè)整體低迷和二戰(zhàn)后迪斯尼轉(zhuǎn)型,美國(guó)動(dòng)漫業(yè)從八十年代末開(kāi)始又樹(shù)立起以高科技為創(chuàng)作核心,結(jié)合好萊烏各大制片公司商業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)的快速發(fā)展模式,并依托此模式占據(jù)了世界百分之九十的動(dòng)畫(huà)電影市場(chǎng)。 其次分析了日本的動(dòng)漫發(fā)展史與產(chǎn)業(yè)形成。日本動(dòng)漫的發(fā)展是在二戰(zhàn)之后,逐漸形成了以漫畫(huà)為內(nèi)容源泉,以電視動(dòng)畫(huà)和相關(guān)游戲開(kāi)發(fā)為擴(kuò)展,以電影動(dòng)畫(huà)為最高形式的ACG發(fā)展模式。雖然電影動(dòng)畫(huà)的制作水準(zhǔn)不敵美國(guó),但在漫畫(huà)、電視動(dòng)畫(huà)方面日本形成了自己得天獨(dú)厚的優(yōu)勢(shì),并使之成為日本文化走向世界的重要途徑。在游戲開(kāi)發(fā)方面日本也占盡先機(jī),成為其動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)中一個(gè)重要的環(huán)節(jié)。 再次分析了韓國(guó)動(dòng)漫的發(fā)展歷程。韓國(guó)動(dòng)漫歷史較短,基礎(chǔ)相對(duì)薄弱。針對(duì)自身的狀況,韓國(guó)在學(xué)習(xí)美、日兩國(guó)優(yōu)秀動(dòng)漫經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同時(shí),另辟捷徑,由政府領(lǐng)銜制定產(chǎn)業(yè)戰(zhàn)略,即全力發(fā)展以網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲?yàn)橹黧w的數(shù)字娛樂(lè)產(chǎn)業(yè)。韓國(guó)由此成功開(kāi)拓出一條獨(dú)具特色的動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展道路,成為世界動(dòng)漫業(yè)的后起之秀。 最后分析了我國(guó)動(dòng)漫發(fā)展史和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。我國(guó)早期美術(shù)片曾取得過(guò)輝煌成績(jī),以至二十世紀(jì)七十年代的國(guó)際動(dòng)畫(huà)界中創(chuàng)立出“中國(guó)學(xué)派”的聲名。由于20世紀(jì)90年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度變革,將以前全部由國(guó)家立項(xiàng)并出資制作的動(dòng)畫(huà)業(yè)推向不成熟的市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)作。這在一段時(shí)期內(nèi)造成了原創(chuàng)性優(yōu)秀作品匱乏,制作項(xiàng)目普遍以替他國(guó)做項(xiàng)目加工為主,成為世界性的動(dòng)畫(huà)產(chǎn)品加工基地。在這個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期內(nèi),中國(guó)動(dòng)漫業(yè)在和世界接觸過(guò)程中逐漸樹(shù)立了產(chǎn)業(yè)概念,并形成了一定的產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模,但產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)制不成熟使中國(guó)動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)間得不到緊密配合,甚至大量存在產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈環(huán)節(jié)缺失的狀況。另外我國(guó)動(dòng)漫業(yè)的發(fā)展還受著市場(chǎng)管理缺陷、民眾對(duì)動(dòng)漫的認(rèn)識(shí)偏差等問(wèn)題的困擾。動(dòng)漫企業(yè)也在缺乏健全的市場(chǎng)機(jī)制中表現(xiàn)得急功近利。這些都是造成中國(guó)動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)整體發(fā)展相對(duì)緩慢的原因。 中國(guó)動(dòng)漫的發(fā)展道路很漫長(zhǎng)。本文最后主要針對(duì)動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)中有所欠缺的一些方面,歸納并闡釋了借鑒他國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的一些要點(diǎn)。分別從觀念轉(zhuǎn)化、注重原創(chuàng)、企業(yè)管理、人才培養(yǎng)、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)五個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了論述。轉(zhuǎn)化觀念是為了拓展具有市場(chǎng)認(rèn)知度的動(dòng)漫題材,以分級(jí)制來(lái)強(qiáng)化受眾群的針對(duì)性；注重原創(chuàng)是為了立足本土特色來(lái)打造精品、開(kāi)拓市場(chǎng),這是一個(gè)國(guó)家的文化走向世界的前提；企業(yè)管理的完善分為對(duì)內(nèi)對(duì)外,對(duì)內(nèi)強(qiáng)化流水線式的生產(chǎn)分工,對(duì)外調(diào)動(dòng)各種類型的資源展開(kāi)充分合作,健全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的構(gòu)成；人才是創(chuàng)作的源泉,培養(yǎng)途徑分為高校與企業(yè),高校加強(qiáng)具有企劃能力人才的培養(yǎng)力度,企業(yè)則要利用成熟項(xiàng)目資源進(jìn)行人才的實(shí)踐性塑造；保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)是文化性產(chǎn)業(yè)得以生存并擴(kuò)大的必備條件,美日韓的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保障體系為我們提供了良好范本,我國(guó)在這方面尚有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。 中國(guó)動(dòng)漫業(yè)正處于一個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)意識(shí)已成形,但產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈和產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)制尚不完善的十字路口。中國(guó)動(dòng)漫產(chǎn)業(yè)化的道路如何走好,區(qū)區(qū)一文不能充當(dāng)指路標(biāo),但相信匯集了眾多優(yōu)秀思想和堅(jiān)實(shí)力量的中國(guó)動(dòng)漫業(yè),必將在其產(chǎn)業(yè)化道路上擁有無(wú)限廣闊的前景!
[Abstract]:The animation industry has now become a new industry recognized in the world. In China, this industry has the strong support of the government and economic and technological strength, but because of the late start, many unfavorable factors still exist in the development process. By contrast, the United States and South Korea developed animation industry behind, is worth we stopped to read the tortuous history of industry, and it is worth our consideration. From the mechanism of mature industries
Although for a large scale industry, has achieved rapid development is not easy, but the analysis of the industry chain structure and mechanism of industry characteristics, clear advantages, explore the shortcomings, to promote the development of China's animation industry will have a very positive meaning -- this is the purpose of writing this paper.
Under the guidance of above-mentioned purpose, in time for the development of history throughout the United States and South Korea Animation, and to compare and contrast analysis of the respective characteristics of the animation industry, the era of relevance of industrial development and technology culture. Then focusing status of China's animation industry, the animation industry in China to explore how to learn from the excellent experience of other countries.
The first analysis is the main body of the United States for the industry to Disney animation history and industry. In the early stage of animation film and animation brand image to develop, create a commercial franchise mode to license the image as the core, and thus expand the business form of world theme park creative. After World War II animation industry overall downturn after World War II and Disney animation industry transformation, the United States began from the end of 80s and to establish a technology for the creation of core, the rapid development of commercial operation mode of the combination of the major Studios Hollywood, and relying on this model accounted for ninety percent of the world's animation film market.
Followed by the analysis of the Japanese animation industry development history and the development of Japanese animation is formed. After World War II, and gradually formed a comic for the content source to the TV animation and game development related to expand, the film animation as the highest form of ACG development mode. Although the production level of movie animation is not the enemy the United States, but in the manga TV animation in Japan, has formed its own advantages and so richly endowed by nature, has become an important way for Japanese culture to the world. Japan also take the lead in game development, become an important part of the animation industry.
Again, analysis of the development process of Korean Animation. Korean animation short history, the foundation is relatively weak. According to their own situation, South Korea in learning Japanese beauty, outstanding animation experience at the same time, another shortcut, led by the government to develop the industrial strategy, namely the full development of the digital entertainment industry to network game as the main body. The success of South Korea to develop a unique animation industry development, become the world animation industry the bright younger generation.
Finally, analysis of China's animation industry development history and development. China's early art film has made brilliant achievements, and created the "China school" reputation of the international animation industry in 1970s. Due to the change of economic system in 1990s, the previous all by the national project and funded the animation industry to the market operation mature. This caused a lack of originality outstanding works in a period of time, making the project general project to do processing for his country, become the world's animation products processing base. In this transition period, Chinese animation industry set up the concept of industry and the world gradually in the contact process, and the formation of a certain industry the scale, but the industrial mechanism is not mature Chinese animation industry chain each link between not closely, even the existence of a large number of missing links in the industry chain. The other The development of China's animation industry is also beset by the defects of market management and people's perception of animation. The animation companies also show quick success and instant benefits in the absence of a sound market mechanism. These are the reasons for the slow development of the Chinese animation industry.
The development of road China animation is very long. At the end of this paper focuses on some aspects of the animation industry lacks, summarizes and explains some key points from the experience of other countries. From the concept of transformation, pay attention to the original, enterprise management, personnel training, the five aspects of intellectual property are reviewed in this paper. The transformation idea is to develop with the market awareness of the animation theme, the audience rating system to strengthen the pertinence; focus on the original is to base the local characteristics to build quality, expand the market, this is a prerequisite for national culture to the world; the improvement of enterprise management is divided into internal and external, to strengthen the streamlined production division, mobilize all foreign the type of resources to launch the full cooperation, constitute a sound industrial chain; talent is the source of creation, ways of training is divided into universities and enterprises, colleges and universities to strengthen the planning ability with talents Efforts, enterprises should practice the use of the talents mature project resources shaping; protection of intellectual property rights is the cultural industry to survive and expand the necessary conditions, the United States and South Korea's intellectual property protection system provides a good model for us, there is a long way to go in this aspect in our country.
Chinese animation industry is in an industrial sense has formed, but the industrial chain and industrial mechanism is not perfect at the crossroads. Chinese cartoon industrialization road how to walk, a culture can not act as signposts, but that brings together many excellent ideas and solid strength Chinese animation industry will have broad prospects in the on the road of industrialization!

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：J954

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本文編號(hào)：1726529