【摘要】：是一篇論文的濃縮,是對(duì)整個(gè)文章的概括。近年來(lái),隨著學(xué)術(shù)交流的逐漸國(guó)際化,國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)術(shù)論文也逐步要求配上英文摘要。但由于原作者對(duì)于這種跨語(yǔ)際轉(zhuǎn)換的不擅長(zhǎng),可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)了一些拼寫(xiě)和語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。另一方面由于譯者對(duì)摘要內(nèi)容的不理解,也可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些術(shù)語(yǔ)的誤用和文化的錯(cuò)位。整個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)論文摘要的翻譯缺乏一定的理論指導(dǎo)。費(fèi)米爾認(rèn)為任何一種行為(包括翻譯)都是有目的的。有的翻譯行為目的非常明確,如土木工程論文的摘要翻譯主要目的就是進(jìn)行國(guó)際上的學(xué)術(shù)交流,使原作者的研究得到廣泛的認(rèn)可;有的翻譯行為目的不夠明確,但至少包括了完成人們因文化和語(yǔ)言障礙而受阻的交際活動(dòng)。因此,翻譯行為能夠用目的論來(lái)指導(dǎo)。目的論由目的法則、連貫法則和忠實(shí)法則組成。目的有三種解釋:譯者的目的、譯文的目的和使用某種翻譯手段所要達(dá)到的目的。連貫法則要求譯文達(dá)到語(yǔ)內(nèi)連貫的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即譯文必須讓讀者易于理解。忠實(shí)法則是指原文與譯文之間應(yīng)保持語(yǔ)際連貫一致。本文根據(jù)目的論歸納出了土木工程摘要翻譯的原則,即規(guī)范性,可讀性和準(zhǔn)確性。規(guī)范性主要源于目的法則。土木工程論文摘要有其自身的結(jié)構(gòu),語(yǔ)言和體裁特點(diǎn),因此,翻譯也要遵守其規(guī)范。目的法則指出英譯的摘要要滿(mǎn)足特定的目的,即在內(nèi)容和形式上要符合國(guó)外摘要寫(xiě)作的規(guī)范;可讀性與連貫法則一致。譯文應(yīng)該與接受者所處的情境連貫,這樣譯文才容易被理解和接受;準(zhǔn)確性來(lái)源于忠實(shí)法則和目的法則。忠實(shí)法則要求譯文忠實(shí)于原文。摘要翻譯的目的主要是傳達(dá)信息,因此信息的準(zhǔn)確性無(wú)疑是摘要最重要的原則。然而,原文本有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)信息表達(dá)模糊或不清晰的情況。這時(shí)譯者要遵循目的法則,打破完全的對(duì)等翻譯,在尊重原文本信息的基礎(chǔ)上,選擇適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒?從而做到信息的準(zhǔn)確翻譯。本論文指出土木工程摘要看似復(fù)雜,其實(shí)可以從語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)為突破口。本文從核心期刊中隨機(jī)選取了35篇土木工程學(xué)術(shù)論文,在翻譯原則的指導(dǎo)下,從詞、句子和篇章層面進(jìn)行歸納,探討其翻譯策略:(1)本文提出了專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ),一詞多義和詞的搭配的問(wèn)題,提醒譯者英文摘要中用詞的選擇。(2)在句子層面上,本文解決了定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)詞序的調(diào)整問(wèn)題、連動(dòng)式謂語(yǔ)翻譯的問(wèn)題和摘要中四個(gè)部分(引言、方法、結(jié)果和結(jié)論)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的選擇問(wèn)題。(3)在語(yǔ)篇層面上,作者指出了中英文中語(yǔ)篇銜接的差別以及這種差別給譯者帶來(lái)的啟示。總而言之,本文以目的論為框架,制定了摘要的翻譯原則,探討了翻譯的策略。這是對(duì)目的論的一個(gè)嘗試性的運(yùn)用,希望對(duì)今后木土工程論文摘要的翻譯具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:Is a condensed paper, is a summary of the entire article. In recent years, with the gradual internationalization of academic exchanges, domestic academic papers also gradually require English abstracts. But because the original author is not good at this cross-lingual conversion, there may be some spelling and grammar errors. On the other hand, due to the translator's lack of understanding of the abstract, there may be misusing of some terms and cultural dislocation. The translation of abstracts of academic papers lacks some theoretical guidance. Fimmel believes that any act (including translation) is purposeful. The purpose of some translation acts is very clear, for example, the main purpose of abstract translation of civil engineering papers is to conduct international academic exchanges, so that the original author's research is widely recognized, while some translation acts are not clear enough. But at least it includes the completion of communication activities that people are hampered by cultural and linguistic barriers. Therefore, translation behavior can be guided by Skopos theory. Skopos theory consists of the law of purpose, the rule of coherence and the rule of faithfulness. There are three explanations: the purpose of the translator, the purpose of the translation and the purpose to be achieved by the use of certain means of translation. The rule of coherence requires that the target text meet the standard of intra-lingual coherence, that is, the translation must be easy for the reader to understand. The principle of faithfulness is that there should be interlingual coherence between the original text and the target text. Based on Skopos theory, this paper concludes the principles of translation of civil engineering abstracts, that is, standardization, readability and accuracy. Normative is mainly derived from the law of purpose. Abstract of civil engineering papers has its own characteristics of structure, language and genre, therefore, translation should abide by its norms. The Skopos rule points out that the abstracts in English translation should meet the specific purposes, that is, in terms of content and form, they should conform to the norms of foreign abstract writing, and readability is consistent with the rule of coherence. The translation should be consistent with the recipient's situation so that the translation is easily understood and accepted; accuracy is derived from the rules of faithfulness and the law of purpose. The law of faithfulness requires the translation to be faithful to the original. The purpose of translation is to convey information, so the accuracy of information is undoubtedly the most important principle. However, the original text can sometimes express vague or unclear information. In this case, the translator should follow the Skopos rule, break the complete equivalent translation, and choose the appropriate method on the basis of respecting the original text information, so as to achieve the accurate translation of the information. This paper points out that civil engineering abstracts seem complex, in fact, from the characteristics of language as a breakthrough. In this paper, 35 civil engineering academic papers are randomly selected from the core journals. Under the guidance of translation principles, the translation strategies are summarized at the level of words, sentences and texts. The problem of polysemy and collocation reminds the translator of the choice of words in English abstracts. (2) at the sentence level, the thesis solves the problem of the adjustment of attributive and adverbial word order, the translation of linked predicate and the four parts of the abstract. Methods, results and conclusions) the choice of tense and voice. (3) at the discourse level, the author points out the differences between Chinese and English discourse cohesion and their implications for the translator. In a word, this paper, based on Skopos theory, formulates the translation principles of abstracts and probes into translation strategies. This is a tentative application of Skopos theory and is expected to be helpful to the translation of abstracts of wood-soil engineering papers in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H315.9

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本文編號(hào)：2236878