Introduction介紹

在1975，歐洲聯(lián)盟通過了其第一個關(guān)于控制和預(yù)防空氣污染的立法：汽油的硫含量的指令。直到20世紀(jì)80年代中期，由于歐洲空氣污染，酸雨，臭氧消耗和全球變暖變得越來越嚴(yán)重，歐盟已逐漸加強空氣污染立法。目前，歐盟已經(jīng)通過了近20個法規(guī)和指令的氣體和粉塵排放量。也對臭氧的保護(hù)，它通過了九項公約，決定和指令，同時制定了對所有成員國的合作，，空氣污染的合作，以防止空氣污染。這些措施形成了相當(dāng)完備的法律體系。In 1975, the European Union adopted its first legislation about controlling and preventing on air pollution: the instruction of gasoline’s sulfur content. Until the middle of the 1980s, since the European air pollution, acid rain, ozone depletion and global warming became more and more serious, the EU has gradually strengthened air pollution legislation. Currently, the EU has passed nearly 20 regulations and directives of gas and dust emissions. Also for the protection of ozone, it passed nine conventions, decisions and directives while making many regulations on the cooperation of fighting against air pollution among all member states. These measures formed a fairly complete legal system.

歐盟空氣質(zhì)量的政策框架，這是非常復(fù)雜的，包括2005個主題策略對空氣污染（TSAP），國家排放上限指令（頸），環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量指示（AQD），歐盟空氣污染源減排政策框架（如工業(yè)排放指令，2010），國家和地方的空氣污染減排措施，聲明的目標(biāo)（第六個環(huán)境行動計劃，也提出了第七個EAP指出空氣政策，歐盟的主要目標(biāo)是“實現(xiàn)水平的空氣質(zhì)量不產(chǎn)生不可接受的影響，以及對人類健康和環(huán)境的風(fēng)險”），2011年初學(xué)院辯論（要求回顧空氣的關(guān)鍵政策2013佛下“緩解”和“執(zhí)行”）。當(dāng)你回顧歐盟空氣立法的進(jìn)展時，這些支柱已經(jīng)支持了歐盟的整體保護(hù)。The European Union air quality policy framework, which is very sophisticated, includes the 2005 Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution (TSAP), the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD), the Ambient Air Quality Directives (AQD), the EU Air Pollution Source Abatement Policy Framework (e.g. Industrial Emissions Directive, 2010), National and Local Air Pollution Abatement Measures, Stated ambition (6th Environmental Action Programme, also in proposed 7th EAP which points out that  the EU’s key objective on air policy is “Achieve levels of air quality that do not result in unacceptable impacts on, and risks to human health and the environment ”) and College Debate in early 2011 (Calling for a review of the Air Policy by 2013 with key focous on “mitigation” and “implementation”). These pillars have supported the whole body of EU air protection strongly when you review the progress of EU air legislation.

Key words: air quality, Europe, legislation, framework

A significant step: the 2005 Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution

Following the communication of Community’s Sixth Environmental Action Programme (6th EAP) on the Clean Air For Europe programme (CAFE), the European Commission has thinked about whether by 2020 the EU can achieve the objectives made by the 6th EAP under current legislation. It is a sufficient expounding of emissions and impacts on the environment and health, which has made full use of the best available health and scientific datas. Finally it presented that even we implement the current legislation effectively, there will still be some negative impacts to the whole union, from national economic to citizen’s lives. Therefore, the 2005 thematic strategy on air pollution (the Strategy) builds temporary goals for air pollution in the Union and chooses the best actions in order to achieve them. It advise that the most important issue is to modernise the legislation, focusing on serious pollutants effectively..........

References文獻(xiàn)

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