本文關(guān)鍵詞：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件，，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

.

the Passive Voice
（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

一：英語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài) We
主語(yǔ)

speak
謂語(yǔ)

English.
賓語(yǔ)

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

English is spoken
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)
by us.
賓語(yǔ)

賓變主,主變賓,前加by

主變被解題步驟:

1. 找賓語(yǔ) ----即動(dòng)作的承受者
2. 判斷賓語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù) ----即be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù). 3. 判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) ----即be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài). 4. 修改謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài) ----即原句動(dòng)詞改為過去分詞 5. 修改原句的主語(yǔ) ----即by+ 主語(yǔ)/ 賓語(yǔ).

They make shoes in that factory.
Shoes
are were

made by them in that factory.

1. Tom broke the window.
The window was broken by Tom.

2.He broke the windows. The windows were broken by him. Be要隨著主語(yǔ)變

邏輯主語(yǔ)by來引

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的大體構(gòu)成：

Be + PP（過去分詞） 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)之歌：
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)賓，be后加上過去分。 Be要隨著主語(yǔ)變，人稱時(shí)態(tài)要弄準(zhǔn)。 行為對(duì)象作主語(yǔ)， 邏輯主語(yǔ)by來引。

1. They make shoes in that factory. 主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ) Shoes are made factory. (by them) in that

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：

am/is /are +過去分詞

Exercise:

He rides the

motorbike to his factory every

day.

The motorbike is ridden to his factory every day.

Exercise:

We call the snowman Mr. Strong.

The snowman is called Mr. Strong.

2. They term．

bought

ten computers last

Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般過去時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)： was/were +過去分詞

Exercise:

He bought some fruits yesterday.

Some fruits were bought yesterday.

3. Some workers are painting the rooms now．

The rooms are being painted by some workers now.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)： am/is/are + being +PP

Exercise:
They are holding a sports meeting now.

A sports meeting is being held (by them) now.

Exercise:

They are playing volleyball now.

Volleyball is being played (by them) now

4.She was interviewing the famous man at

this time yesterday.

The famous man was being interviewed by her

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：
was/were + being +PP

Exercise: He was playing basketball at 8:00 last night.

Basketball was being played at 8:00 yesterday.

5.They will finish the work in ten days.

The work will be finished (by them)

in ten days.
一般將來時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)： will+ be +過去分詞

They are going to have an evening party tomorrow.

An evening party is going to be had tomorrow.

be going to + be + pp

Exercise:

The girl will finish her homework in twenty minutes.

Her homework will be finished( by the girl) in twenty minutes.

6. He said the workers would build a new school in two weeks.

He said a new school would be built in two weeks.

過去將來時(shí)被動(dòng)構(gòu)成：

would + be + pp

They would have a party the next day.

A party would be had (by them) the next day.

7.Aby can take good care of Tina ．

Tina can be taken good care of by Aby. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)：

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be+過分

Exercise: He may carry the basket easily.

The basket may be easily carried by him.

They can sing some beautiful songs.

Some beautiful songs can be sung by them.

8.We have made twenty keys．

Twenty keys have been made
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：

by us.

have/has + been+過去分詞

Exercise:
Workers have built the house since two years ago.

The house has been built since two years ago.

9.We had seen this film before you came here.

This film had been seen by us before you came here.

過去完成時(shí)被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)：

had +been +PP

Exercise: The doctor knew that he had known his problem.

—The doctor knew that his problem had been known by him.

各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)情況：

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： am / is / are done 一般過去時(shí)： was / were done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： am / is / are being done 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)： was / were being done 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： have / has been done 過去完成時(shí)： had been done 一般將來時(shí)：shall / will be done be going to be done would/should +be+ done 過去將來時(shí)： 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+ done 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)：

Exercise: Pick out the passive voice

We have an old musical instrument. It was called clavichord It was made in 1681. Our clavichord is kept in the living room. It has belonged to our family for a long time. The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. Recently it was damaged by a visitor. She tried to play jazz on it! She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken. My father was shocked. We aren’t allowed to touch it. Now it is being repaired by a friend of my father’s.

Exercises: 一.選擇填空: 1. Windows C of glass. A.be made B. is made C. are made D. been made 2. The house C in 2004. A.is built B. is building C. was built D. used A 3. A coat can for keeping warm. ? be used B. is used C. been used D. used

A 4. Watches____ Shanghai. A. are made in B. is made C. are made from D. made 5. This desk is made _____ wood. A A. of B. from C. in D. by 6.The things on show were ____ the old days. D A. used B. used to C. used for D. used in 7. Silk _____ in Hangzhou and Suzhou A A. is produced B. are produced C. produced D. is produces

He gave
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ)

me
間賓

a book. (變被動(dòng)）
直賓

1. I was given a book by him. (間賓作主）
2. A book was given to me by him.

My mother bought me a birthday cake.
主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 間賓 直賓

1. I was bought a birthday cake by my mother.
2. A birthday cake was bought for me by my

mother.

帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)歌謠： 原句若是雙賓語(yǔ)，一變主來一保賓。

間賓要把主語(yǔ)變，原來直賓還是賓。 直賓要把主語(yǔ)變，間賓前加to或for。

變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，間賓前加to 的帶有雙賓 語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：14個(gè) bring, teach, pass, hand, give, lend, refuse,leave, promise, tell, return, show, send , write.
變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)，間賓前加for 的帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的 動(dòng)詞有：5個(gè)
buy, get, do, pay, sing.

把下列句子變?yōu)橹鲃?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：
1.They made shoes in that factory. 2.They will make shoes in that factory. 3.They would make shoes in that factory. 4.They can make shoes in that factory. 5.They have made shoes in that factory. 6.They had made shoes in that factory. 7.They are making shoes in that factory.

8.They were making shoes in that factory

We usually hear him play in the next room.

He is usually heard to play in the next room.

１

帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)． sb. be made to do sth.

（１）make sb. do sth.

Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home. Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home. watch let have hear see notice

原句若是雙賓語(yǔ)，一變主來一保賓。 間賓要把主語(yǔ)變，原來直賓還是賓。

直賓要把主語(yǔ)變，間賓前加to或 for。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞變被動(dòng)，情態(tài)加be加過分。

1.Our

was school _____

opened ＿＿＿＿in 2002.(開辦)

be 2.The young trees must______ looked ______ ______ after
well.(照顧) Was 3. _____ this building_________(建成)last year? built was _______(寫)by him last year. 4.The book _____ written wasn’t built 5. The bridge _______ _______(不建造)in1989.. be ______ 6.The 29th Olympic Games will____ held (舉行) in Beijing in 2008.

七嘴八舌

(變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）

1.People use knives for cutting things.

are used Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom______ are cleaned _______ twice a month.

3.I found the ticket on the floor.
3. We found the ticket on the floor .

The ticket was found ______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.

4.I told her to return the book in time.
was told She ______ _______ to return the book in time.

5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day. was made to have He ______ _______ _______ _______

only two meals a day.
6.Now people can use computers to help them. can be Now computers _______ ______

used ______ to help them.

7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? Were ______ _______ _______ many trees planted _______

at this time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?

Must be finished _______ our work______ _______ today?

9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. we were given 1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _______ were ________ _______ _______. given to us

10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. was asked Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _______ ________ is done by women in this factory.

12.He can mend the bike in two days. can be _______ The bike ______ ______ mended in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. must be This medicine _______ _______ taken ________ three times a day.

14.The students in this school study German. is studied German _______ ________ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? talked Is ______ this question often _______

by about _______them _______?

Answer right or wrong
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 1.必須照看好孩子們。 W ) The children must be taken good care .( The children must be taken good care of .( R ) 2.這本書是魯迅寫的。 This book was wrote by Lu Xun.( W ) This book was written by Lu Xun.( R ) 3.昨天那支筆是他給我的。 That pencil was given me by him yesterday.( W ) ? That pencil was given to me by him yesterday.( R )

? ? ? ? ? ?

4.這輛自行車能修嗎？ Can this bike mended?( W ) Can this bike be mended?( R) 5.街道已由他們清理了。 The street has been cleaned by they.( W ) The street has been cleaned by them.( R )

動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

take care of → be taken
care of

cut down → be cut down laugh at → be laughed at look after → be looked
after

They made shoes in that factory.
They will make shoes in that factory.

They would make shoes in that factory.
They can make shoes in that factory.

They have made shoes in that factory.
They had made shoes in that factory.

They are making shoes in that factory.
They were making shoes in that factory.

(2) see sb. doing sth.

sb. be seen doing sth.

I saw him playing football at that moment. He was seen playing football at that moment.

hear / watch /….

We often hear them sing this song.
They are often heard to sing this song (by us). This song is often heard (by us) to be sung (by them).

一感二聽三使四看
feel / hear listen/ make have let/ look see watch notice

這十大動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)句中動(dòng)詞用原形， 但在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)必須加上to

使用口訣：
感使動(dòng)詞真奇怪， to在句子像妖怪。 主動(dòng)句里to 走開，被動(dòng)句里to回來。

動(dòng)詞let要除外，

to詞可來可不來。

Bob sent Kate a letter last year.
=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year. =A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year.

He told Jim a story.
tell ask bring write give teach pass lend …to

Mum made me a new dress. I was made a new dress by Mum.
A new dress was made for me by Mum.

I bought my brother a book.
make buy

…for

draw

注意: 約翰打開了收音機(jī)。

John turned on the radio.
The radio was turned on.
奶奶照看我姐姐。

Grandma takes care of my sister. My sister is taken care of by Grandma.

We must speak to old people politely.
Old people must be spoken to politely.
注：千萬不要遺漏介詞或副詞。

They said that he would come back soon.
It was said that he would come back soon. 類似的還有： It is reported / We report believed /

hoped /
supposed that ......

1). 不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

如：belong, happen, take place, last, come true, remain, succeed, fall, die, arrive, 等。
* Great changes have taken place in this city.

* That bike doesn’t belong to Mike.

2) 表示靜態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
have / fit

I have a TV set. The coat fits me well.
3）祈使句一般沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

【正】Look at the blackboard，please．
【誤】The blackboard is looked at by you．

4.系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
這魚味道很好。 The fish tastes good. 這條圍巾摸上去很軟。 The scarf feels soft.

5.反身代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：

【正】You must look after yourself． 【誤】Yourself must be looked after 4.某些動(dòng)詞形式是主動(dòng)，但含有被動(dòng)的意思。 這書很好賣。The book sells well. 這書賣完了。 The book is sold out. 這種布很好洗。

This kind of cloth washes very well.



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