本文關(guān)鍵詞：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)大家來(lái)說(shuō)很重要，尤其是高中英語(yǔ)更需要大家好好學(xué)習(xí)，高中英語(yǔ)課件對(duì)大家掌握英語(yǔ)知識(shí)有很大的幫助，下面學(xué)大教育網(wǎng)為大家?guī)?lái)高三英語(yǔ)課件-被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件，供大家閱讀和參考。

一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)概述

語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)共有兩種：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)往往用“被”、“受”、“給”等詞來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義。

如：He opened the door.　 他打開(kāi)了這扇門(mén)。(主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

The door was opened.　這扇門(mén)被打開(kāi)了。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))

二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)變化只改變be的形式，過(guò)去分詞部分不變。疑問(wèn)式和否定式的變化也如此。

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)較常見(jiàn)的八種，現(xiàn)以動(dòng)詞clean為例列表說(shuō)明：

2、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句式變化：

以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和動(dòng)詞invite為例，列表說(shuō)明被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句式變化：

3、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞;

其時(shí)態(tài)及句型的變化僅由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞完成，“be+過(guò)去分詞”部分不變。

如：Tables can be made of stone.　桌子可由石頭制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time.　那時(shí)桌子可由石頭制造。(一般過(guò)去時(shí))

Can tables be made of stone? 　桌子能用石頭制造嗎?(疑問(wèn)句)

三、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法：

1、不知道或沒(méi)有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。

如：The bridge was built last year.　這座橋是去年建造的。

He was elected chairman.　他被選為主席。

2、當(dāng)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。此時(shí)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者由by引導(dǎo)置于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，不需要時(shí)可以省略。

如：The room hasn't been cleaned yet.　房間還沒(méi)有打掃。

The tiger was killed by him.　老虎被他殺死了。

3、當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)，多用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

如：The window was blown by wind.　窗戶被風(fēng)吹開(kāi)了。

The whole village has been washed away by the flood.　整個(gè)村莊都被洪水沖走了。

4、表示客觀的說(shuō)明常用“It is + 過(guò)去分詞”句型。

如：It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.　據(jù)說(shuō)露茜已經(jīng)出國(guó)了。

It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)　大家相信他是個(gè)間諜。

其它常見(jiàn)的“It is + 過(guò)去分詞+ that”句型還有：

It is reported that…據(jù)報(bào)道

It is said that…據(jù)說(shuō)

It is believed that…大家相信

It is suggested that…有人建議

四、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

轉(zhuǎn)換圖示：

1、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的步驟：

(1)將主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)：

注意：

如果主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)是代詞，，需將其由賓格變?yōu)橹鞲瘛?/p>

如：Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom.

(2)將動(dòng)詞改為“be+過(guò)去分詞”。

注意：

They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.

他們昨天開(kāi)會(huì)了。

(3)將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)改為by…放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后。

注意：

如果原主語(yǔ)是代詞，則應(yīng)由主格變?yōu)橘e格。

如：He sang a song. → A song was sung by him.

2、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)：

(1)主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人們”、“大家”的單詞，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，通常刪去“by…”，但原主語(yǔ)被強(qiáng)調(diào) 時(shí)除外。

如：They set up this hospital in 1975.→This hospital was set up in 1975.

這所醫(yī)院建于1975年。

Only he can finish the job. → 只有他能完成這項(xiàng)工作。

The job can be finished only by him.這項(xiàng)工作只能由他來(lái)完成。

(2)含有雙賓語(yǔ)，即直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)的句子，每個(gè)賓語(yǔ)都可變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)，即其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種形式。但多以間接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。

如：Jack told us the truth.杰克告訴了我們真相。

We were told the truth by Jack.

The truth was told (to) us by Jack.

五、動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)之意

以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)之意的動(dòng)詞多為連系動(dòng)詞，如：look，feel，smell等。

下列動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)式：happen，cost，have

如：An accident was happened yesterday.(×)昨天發(fā)生了一起事故。

An accident happened yesterday.( )

The flower smells sweet.這花聞起來(lái)很香。

The watch looks good.這表看起來(lái)很好。

This book sells well.這本書(shū)暢銷(xiāo)。

六、各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)舉例(以動(dòng)詞do為例)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(am/ is/ are +done)

如：English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的許多人都說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。

Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都舉行班會(huì)。

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 學(xué)生們每天都打掃教室。

2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)(was/ were +done)

如：The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那個(gè)男孩打碎了。

He was saved at last. 他最終獲救了。

My bike was stolen. 我的自行車(chē)被偷了。

3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)與過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(will/ shall be +done;would/should be +done)

如：A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一個(gè)演講。

A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一條新馬路。

I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我認(rèn)為將有數(shù)千人得到幫助。

4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(am/ is/ are being +done;was/ were being +done)

如：The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天這時(shí)，機(jī)器正在被修理。

The problem is being discussed now. 問(wèn)題正在被討論。

A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一輛公共汽車(chē)。

5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/ has been + done)

如：Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到現(xiàn)在為止，已經(jīng)種了二百棵樹(shù)了。

The book has been read many times by me. 這本書(shū)已經(jīng)被我讀了許多遍了。

Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict.

在沖突中已經(jīng)有幾名士兵被殺害。

6.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had been+done)

如：They said they had been invited to the party. 他們說(shuō)他們已經(jīng)被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)了。

She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她發(fā)現(xiàn)房子已經(jīng)被暴風(fēng)雨摧毀。

He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.

他在去世前已經(jīng)被疾病折磨很多年了。

學(xué)大教育網(wǎng)小編為大家?guī)?lái)了高三英語(yǔ)課件-被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件，希望大家能夠從閱讀高中英語(yǔ)課件中獲的知識(shí)，更多的英語(yǔ)課件內(nèi)容請(qǐng)關(guān)注學(xué)大教育網(wǎng)。

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)課件，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

本文編號(hào)：243645