【摘要】：隨著知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,人民物質(zhì)生活水平的提高,閱讀日益成為人們豐富精神生活的重要渠道。兒童閱讀是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過程,與其智力因素、思維模式和語言能力等方面密切相關(guān),兒童閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)作為一種內(nèi)部驅(qū)動(dòng)力,能有效激發(fā)、引導(dǎo)和維持其閱讀活動(dòng)。中西部少數(shù)民族地區(qū)多為貧困山區(qū),經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展落后,教育發(fā)展限制大,這使得關(guān)注民族兒童閱讀尤為重要。因此,有必要對(duì)民族兒童的閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行研究。本研究以湘西少數(shù)民族兒童為研究對(duì)象,通過實(shí)地調(diào)研對(duì)民族兒童的閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)及其影響因素進(jìn)行研究,主要包括以下三方面:第一,采用問卷調(diào)查的形式,對(duì)553名張家界市少數(shù)民族兒童進(jìn)行調(diào)查,采用求平均值和Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù)法,主要分析兒童閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)中閱讀效能、內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)、外部動(dòng)機(jī)的強(qiáng)弱對(duì)比及其相互關(guān)系。第二,從個(gè)體差異、心理發(fā)展、閱讀環(huán)境這三大方面來分析影響因素的基本構(gòu)成及其相互關(guān)系。第三,基于圖書館的視角,從提升閱讀需求、培養(yǎng)閱讀習(xí)慣和優(yōu)化閱讀環(huán)境三方面提出對(duì)策。本研究在實(shí)踐分析的基礎(chǔ)上得出:第一,民族兒童自我效能感整體不高,閱讀興趣與閱讀材料的書名、封面、內(nèi)容有關(guān),對(duì)閱讀重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)整體不高,外部動(dòng)機(jī)對(duì)推動(dòng)閱讀有重要作用。第二,在性別上,女童的閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)整體上比男童高;在年級(jí)上,兒童年級(jí)越高,閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)反而越低;在來源地上,與城市學(xué)生相比,農(nóng)村學(xué)生的閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)偏低。第三,在心理因素中,絕大部分民族地區(qū)學(xué)生的智力發(fā)展落后于漢族學(xué)生,心理發(fā)展較晚,閱讀態(tài)度被動(dòng)、自信心不足、對(duì)閱讀重要性認(rèn)識(shí)程度不高;在環(huán)境因素中,父母受教育程度、家庭閱讀文本豐富程度、家庭閱讀氛圍、師生交往方式、課堂閱讀材料的使用和閱讀同伴會(huì)對(duì)閱讀動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)生一定影響。
[Abstract]:With the development of knowledge economy and the improvement of people's material living standard, reading becomes an important channel of people's spiritual life. The reading of children is a complex process, which is closely related to the intelligence factors, the mode of thinking and the ability of language. As an internal driving force, the children's reading motivation can effectively stimulate, guide and maintain their reading activities. The minority areas in the central and western regions are mostly poor mountainous areas, the economic development is backward, the education development is limited, which makes it very important to pay attention to the reading of the national children. Therefore, it is necessary to study the motivation of the national children's reading. This study, based on the study of ethnic minority children in Xiangxi, studied the motivation and the factors of the national children's reading through the field investigation, mainly including the following three aspects: first, the investigation of 553 ethnic minority children in Zhangjiajie was carried out in the form of the questionnaire. The average value and Pearson correlation coefficient method were used to analyze the relationship between the reading efficiency, the internal motivation and the external motivation of the children's reading motivation. Secondly, from the three aspects of individual difference, psychological development and reading environment, the basic structure and the relationship of the influence factors are analyzed. Thirdly, based on the view of the library, the paper puts forward the countermeasures from the aspects of improving reading demand, developing reading habit and optimizing reading environment. The study is based on the practice analysis that the first, the self-efficacy of the national children is not high, the reading interest is related to the title, the cover and the content of the reading material, the understanding of the importance of reading is not high, and the external motivation plays an important role in the promotion of reading. Secondly, in the sex, the girl's reading motivation is higher than that of the boy; in the grade, the higher the grade of the child, the lower the reading motivation; on the source ground, the reading motivation of the rural students is low compared with the urban students. Third, in the psychological factors, the intellectual development of the majority of the students in the minority areas is lagging behind the Han students, the psychological development is late, the reading attitude is passive, the self-confidence is insufficient, the degree of the reading importance is not high, and in the environmental factors, the parents are educated, The reading text of the family, the reading atmosphere of the family, the way of communication between the students and the students, the use of the reading materials in the classroom and the reading of the peer will have a certain effect on the reading motivation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G252

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