不同抗性品種向日葵揮發(fā)物成分分析及對歐洲葵螟性誘劑誘捕作用的影響
發(fā)布時間：2019-07-09 08:32
【摘要】：歐洲葵螟(Homoeosoma nebullum Hiubner)是取食向日葵花盤和種仁最為猖獗的害蟲,造成向日葵嚴重的產量損失和品質下降。本文在前期研究的基礎上,選擇抗蟲油葵品種S31和感蟲食葵品種3638C,利用氣譜-質譜儀(GC-MS)對不同抗性向日葵品種受害前后花盤揮發(fā)物成分進行了分析鑒定,并對主要揮發(fā)物組分進行了嗅覺行為測定;在田間進行了向日葵揮發(fā)物主要組分對葵螟性誘劑引誘作用的研究。研究結果為提高性信息素的性能及探索開發(fā)利用信息物調控葵螟行為的防治途徑提供依據(jù)。1.向日葵花盤揮發(fā)物中主要成分為萜烯類化合物,占90%以上,還有少量的醇類化合物、雜環(huán)類化合物、烷烴類化合物、酯類化合物。在受葵螟危害前,抗蟲油葵品種S31花盤揮發(fā)物中萜烯類化合物種類和總相對含量比感蟲食葵品種3638C少,但多檢測出9種成分,其中S31揮發(fā)物中的β-蒎烯、乙醇、乙酸龍腦酯相對含量均比3638C高;受葵螟危害后,花盤揮發(fā)物中萜烯類化合物種類增加,酯類化合物相對含量升高,并有6種新的化合物產生,其中]烯、白菖烯相對含量顯著增加,檸檬烯、Y-松油烯、異松油烯3種物質的含量卻顯著減少,3638C揮發(fā)物中的丁酸丁酯消失。2.根據(jù)對不同抗性向日葵受葵螟危害前后花盤揮發(fā)物的分析結果,選取3種成分即丁酸丁酯、乙酸龍腦酯和檸檬烯在不同濃度梯度(0.1μL/mL、1μL/mL、10μL/mL、102μL/mL、103μL/mL)下對葵螟雄成蟲進行嗅覺行為反應測定,表明在高濃度(103μL/mL)下,3種揮發(fā)物組分單體、兩兩揮發(fā)物組分按一定比例的混合物對葵螟雄成蟲顯示有極顯著或顯著驅避作用;其中,丁酸丁酯、乙酸龍腦酯、丁酸于酯與乙酸龍腦酯的混合物、乙酸龍腦酯與檸檬烯的混合物及丁酸丁酯與檸檬烯的混合物,隨著揮發(fā)物組分濃度的降低,其對葵螟雄成蟲的作用均表現(xiàn)為從驅避到吸引,再逐漸變?yōu)闊o明顯作用;除高濃度(103μL/mL)外,檸檬烯對葵螟雄成蟲無明顯作用;3種揮發(fā)物的混合物在適中濃度(1OμL/mL)下對葵螟雄成蟲表現(xiàn)為顯著吸引作用。3.田間誘捕試驗中,單獨使用不同濃度的3種揮發(fā)物單體丁酸丁酯、乙酸龍腦酯、檸檬烯,均沒有引誘到葵螟;而不同濃度下的3種揮發(fā)物單體分別和性誘劑的聯(lián)合誘芯則可以誘到不同數(shù)量的葵螟,并且聯(lián)合誘芯的誘螟量均低于性誘劑單獨使用的誘螟量。其中,除丁酸丁酯在高濃度(103μL/mL)、檸檬烯在低濃度(0.1μL/mL)外,不同濃度下的3種成分分別與性誘劑的聯(lián)合誘芯的誘螟量均顯著低于單獨使用性誘劑的誘螟量。因此,3種植物揮發(fā)物的加入均顯著抑制了性誘劑對葵螟雄成蟲的引誘作用,并且丁酸丁酯隨著濃度的升高其對葵螟性誘劑定向行為的抑制作用逐漸減弱,檸檬烯隨著濃度的升高對葵螟性誘劑定向行為的抑制作用逐漸增強,但乙酸龍腦酯的抑制作用與濃度沒有明顯的關系。
[Abstract]:European sunflower borer (Homoeosoma nebullum Hiubner) is the most rampant pest feeding sunflower disk and seed kernel, resulting in serious yield loss and quality decline of sunflower. Based on the previous study, the insect-resistant oil sunflower variety S31 and the susceptible sunflower variety 3638C were selected to analyze and identify the volatile components of different resistant sunflower varieties before and after injury by gas spectrum mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the olfactory behavior of the main volatile components was measured. The attraction effect of the main components of sunflower volatile components on sunflower borer sex inducers was studied in the field. The results provide a basis for improving the performance of sex pheromones and exploring the ways to control the behavior of sunflower borer by using information materials. The main components of sunflower disk volatiles are terpenes, accounting for more than 90%. There are also a small number of alcohols, heterocyclic compounds, alkane compounds and ester compounds. Before being damaged by sunflower borer, the types and total relative contents of terpenes in disk volatiles of insect-resistant sunflower variety S31 were less than those of susceptible sunflower variety 3638C, but nine more components were detected, among which the relative contents of 尾-pinene, ethanol and bornyl acetate in S31 volatile matter were higher than 3638C. After being damaged by sunflower borer, the types of terpenes in disk volatiles increased, the relative content of esters increased, and six new compounds were produced.] The relative contents of alkene and gladiene increased significantly, but the contents of limonene, Y-terpinene and isoterpinene decreased significantly, and the butylbutyrate in 3638C volatile matter disappeared. 2. According to the analysis results of disk volatiles of different resistant sunflowers damaged by sunflower borer, three components, butylbutyrate, bornyl acetate and limonene, were selected to determine the olfactory behavior of sunflower borer adults at different concentration gradients (0.1 渭 L / mL, 1 渭 L / mL, 10 渭 L / mL, 102 渭 L / mL, 103 渭 L / mL). The results showed that at high concentration (103 渭 L / mL), three volatile components were monomers. The mixture of two volatile components in a certain proportion showed very significant or significant repellent effect on the male adults of sunflower borer. Among them, the mixture of butylbutyrate, bornyl acetate, butyrate and bornyl acetate, the mixture of bornyl acetate and limonene and the mixture of butylbutyrate and limonene showed that their effects on sunflower borer adults were from repellent to attraction, and then gradually changed into no obvious effect, except for high concentration (103 渭 L / mL), limonene had no obvious effect on sunflower borer adults. The mixture of the three volatile substances showed significant attraction to sunflower borer adults at moderate concentration (10 渭 L / mL). In the field entrapment experiment, three volatile monomer butyrate, bornyl acetate and limonene were used alone to induce sunflower borer, while the combined inducer of three volatile monomers and sex inducers at different concentrations could induce different quantities of sunflower borer, and the amount of induced stem borer was lower than that of sex inducer alone, while the combined concentration of three volatile monomers, bornyl acetate and limonene, were not attracted to sunflower borer, while the combined concentration of volatile monomer and sex inducer could induce different quantities of sunflower borer, and the amount of induced stem borer was lower than that of sex inducer alone. With the exception of butylbutyrate at high concentration (103 渭 L / mL), limonene at low concentration (0.1 渭 L / mL), the number of borer induced by the combined core of three components and sex inducer at different concentrations was significantly lower than that of sex inducer alone. Therefore, the addition of three plant volatiles significantly inhibited the inducement of sex inducers on sunflower borer adults, and the inhibitory effect of butylbutyrate on the directional behavior of sunflower borer sex inducers was gradually weakened with the increase of concentration, and the inhibitory effect of limonene on the directional behavior of sunflower borer sex inducers increased with the increase of concentration, but the inhibitory effect of bornyl acetate on the directional behavior of sunflower borer was not significantly related to the concentration of bornyl acetate.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S435.655
本文編號：2512022
[Abstract]:European sunflower borer (Homoeosoma nebullum Hiubner) is the most rampant pest feeding sunflower disk and seed kernel, resulting in serious yield loss and quality decline of sunflower. Based on the previous study, the insect-resistant oil sunflower variety S31 and the susceptible sunflower variety 3638C were selected to analyze and identify the volatile components of different resistant sunflower varieties before and after injury by gas spectrum mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the olfactory behavior of the main volatile components was measured. The attraction effect of the main components of sunflower volatile components on sunflower borer sex inducers was studied in the field. The results provide a basis for improving the performance of sex pheromones and exploring the ways to control the behavior of sunflower borer by using information materials. The main components of sunflower disk volatiles are terpenes, accounting for more than 90%. There are also a small number of alcohols, heterocyclic compounds, alkane compounds and ester compounds. Before being damaged by sunflower borer, the types and total relative contents of terpenes in disk volatiles of insect-resistant sunflower variety S31 were less than those of susceptible sunflower variety 3638C, but nine more components were detected, among which the relative contents of 尾-pinene, ethanol and bornyl acetate in S31 volatile matter were higher than 3638C. After being damaged by sunflower borer, the types of terpenes in disk volatiles increased, the relative content of esters increased, and six new compounds were produced.] The relative contents of alkene and gladiene increased significantly, but the contents of limonene, Y-terpinene and isoterpinene decreased significantly, and the butylbutyrate in 3638C volatile matter disappeared. 2. According to the analysis results of disk volatiles of different resistant sunflowers damaged by sunflower borer, three components, butylbutyrate, bornyl acetate and limonene, were selected to determine the olfactory behavior of sunflower borer adults at different concentration gradients (0.1 渭 L / mL, 1 渭 L / mL, 10 渭 L / mL, 102 渭 L / mL, 103 渭 L / mL). The results showed that at high concentration (103 渭 L / mL), three volatile components were monomers. The mixture of two volatile components in a certain proportion showed very significant or significant repellent effect on the male adults of sunflower borer. Among them, the mixture of butylbutyrate, bornyl acetate, butyrate and bornyl acetate, the mixture of bornyl acetate and limonene and the mixture of butylbutyrate and limonene showed that their effects on sunflower borer adults were from repellent to attraction, and then gradually changed into no obvious effect, except for high concentration (103 渭 L / mL), limonene had no obvious effect on sunflower borer adults. The mixture of the three volatile substances showed significant attraction to sunflower borer adults at moderate concentration (10 渭 L / mL). In the field entrapment experiment, three volatile monomer butyrate, bornyl acetate and limonene were used alone to induce sunflower borer, while the combined inducer of three volatile monomers and sex inducers at different concentrations could induce different quantities of sunflower borer, and the amount of induced stem borer was lower than that of sex inducer alone, while the combined concentration of three volatile monomers, bornyl acetate and limonene, were not attracted to sunflower borer, while the combined concentration of volatile monomer and sex inducer could induce different quantities of sunflower borer, and the amount of induced stem borer was lower than that of sex inducer alone. With the exception of butylbutyrate at high concentration (103 渭 L / mL), limonene at low concentration (0.1 渭 L / mL), the number of borer induced by the combined core of three components and sex inducer at different concentrations was significantly lower than that of sex inducer alone. Therefore, the addition of three plant volatiles significantly inhibited the inducement of sex inducers on sunflower borer adults, and the inhibitory effect of butylbutyrate on the directional behavior of sunflower borer sex inducers was gradually weakened with the increase of concentration, and the inhibitory effect of limonene on the directional behavior of sunflower borer sex inducers increased with the increase of concentration, but the inhibitory effect of bornyl acetate on the directional behavior of sunflower borer was not significantly related to the concentration of bornyl acetate.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S435.655
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