【摘要】：粗榧屬于第三紀(jì)孑遺植物,是我國特有樹種,且用途廣泛。但粗榧種子存在深度休眠現(xiàn)象,在自然條件下,種子成熟落地后2-3年才能萌發(fā)。本研究以粗榧種子為研究材料,探究種子休眠原因,并用不同濃度赤霉素和低溫層積相結(jié)合的方法打破種子休眠,研究種子萌發(fā)進(jìn)程與貯藏物質(zhì)含量、相關(guān)酶活性變化及內(nèi)源激素變化之間的關(guān)系,揭示粗榧種子的萌發(fā)機(jī)理。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)粗榧種子生活力達(dá)到90%以上,發(fā)芽潛力較大,但在無菌條件下培養(yǎng)30d,仍無發(fā)芽現(xiàn)象,說明粗榧種子存在深度休眠。(2)粗榧種子種皮不存在吸水障礙,不是種子休眠的原因;粗榧種子種皮及胚乳中均含有萌發(fā)抑制物質(zhì),且一直強(qiáng)度為種皮胚乳,說明內(nèi)源抑制物的存在是種子休眠的主要原因。(3)層積過程中淀粉、蛋白質(zhì)、粗脂肪等貯藏物質(zhì)含量逐漸下降,可溶性糖、游離氨基酸等含量持續(xù)上升,淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性升高,說明淀粉、蛋白質(zhì)等貯藏物質(zhì)在相關(guān)酶的作用下,降解為可溶性糖、游離氨基酸等可溶性小分子物質(zhì),為種子萌發(fā)提供物質(zhì)與能量。(4)層積過程中,萌發(fā)抑制物質(zhì)ABA含量持續(xù)下降,萌發(fā)促進(jìn)物質(zhì)GA、IAA含量呈上升趨勢,ZR含量呈現(xiàn)先下降后上升的趨勢,說明萌發(fā)抑制物質(zhì)含量減少,促進(jìn)物質(zhì)含量增多是粗榧種子破除休眠,促進(jìn)萌發(fā)的關(guān)鍵;GA/ABA、IAA/ABA及ZR/ABA均呈現(xiàn)增大趨勢,說明種子休眠的破除還與激素之間的比值有很大關(guān)系,內(nèi)源激素之間相互協(xié)調(diào),共同作用于種子萌發(fā)過程中。(5)層積過程中四種不同處理的種子發(fā)芽率分別為12.7%、29.2%、21.7%和18.4%,說明層積處理能打破種子休眠,促進(jìn)萌發(fā);200mg·L-1 GA3與層積相結(jié)合的處理對種子萌發(fā)的促進(jìn)效果最好,該方法可用于生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中。
[Abstract]:Torreya grandis belongs to Tertiary relict plants, is a endemic tree species in China, and widely used. However, there was deep dormancy in the seed of Torreya grandis. Under the natural conditions, the seed germinated 2 years after the seed matured to the ground. In this study, the seed dormancy of Torreya grandis was studied, and the seed dormancy was broken by the combination of gibberellic acid and low temperature stratification, and the germination process and the content of storage substances were studied, and the seed dormancy was broken by different concentration of gibberellin. The relationship between the changes of enzyme activity and endogenous hormones revealed the germination mechanism of Torreya grandis seeds. The main results are as follows: (1) the seed viability of Torreya grandis is more than 90%, and the germination potential is great, but under aseptic condition for 30 days, there is still no germination phenomenon. (2) there is no water absorption obstacle in seed coat of Torreya grandis, which is not the reason of seed dormancy; Both seed coat and endosperm of Torreya grandis contain germination inhibitor, and the endosperm intensity is the seed coat endosperm, which indicates that endogenous inhibitor is the main reason of seed dormancy. (3) starch and protein in the process of stratification. Crude fat and other storage substances gradually decreased, soluble sugar, free amino acids and other contents continued to increase, amylase, lipase activities increased, indicating that starch, protein and other storage substances in the role of related enzymes, degradation into soluble sugar, Soluble small molecular substances, such as free amino acids, provide material and energy for seed germination. (4) during the process of stratification, the content of ABA, the inhibitor of germination, continues to decrease, and the content of GA,IAA, which promotes germination, tends to increase. The content of ZR decreased first and then increased, indicating that it was the key to break dormancy and promote germination of Torreya grandis seed to decrease the content of inhibiting substance and promote the increase of substance content. Both GA/ABA,IAA/ABA and ZR/ABA showed an increasing trend, indicating that the breaking of seed dormancy was also related to the ratio of hormones, and endogenous hormones coordinated with each other. (5) the germination rates of the four different treatments were 12.7%, 29.2%, 21.7% and 18.4%, respectively, which indicated that the stratification treatment could break the dormancy of seeds and promote the germination of seeds, and the seed germination rate of the four different treatments was 12.7%, 29.2%, 21.7% and 18.4%, respectively. The combination of 200mg 路L-1 GA3 and stratification has the best effect on seed germination, and this method can be used in production practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S791

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