【摘要】：本文以水稻TN1和稻縱卷葉螟為研究對(duì)象,研究了硅元素對(duì)稻縱卷葉螟產(chǎn)卵選擇、幼蟲(chóng)趨性及水稻揮發(fā)物釋放的影響,結(jié)果如下。采用水稻水培法,營(yíng)養(yǎng)液設(shè)為含硅營(yíng)養(yǎng)液(600mg/L)與無(wú)硅營(yíng)養(yǎng)液,加硅處理水稻葉片硅含量為6137.10±328.66mg/kg,無(wú)硅處理水稻葉片硅含量為51.45土26.52mg/kg,兩者間存在顯著差異。采用籠罩法測(cè)定稻縱卷葉螟對(duì)加硅處理與無(wú)硅處理植株的產(chǎn)卵選擇性,結(jié)果表明:稻縱卷葉螟成蟲(chóng)對(duì)兩種處理植株的產(chǎn)卵選擇沒(méi)有顯著差異,但在稻縱卷葉螟幼蟲(chóng)取食的植株上,成蟲(chóng)在加硅處理的水稻上著卵率顯著高于不加硅處理。采用Y型嗅覺(jué)儀進(jìn)行產(chǎn)卵選擇性測(cè)定,結(jié)果表明,無(wú)論是無(wú)蟲(chóng)害的水稻還是蟲(chóng)害水稻,稻縱卷葉螟成蟲(chóng)在加硅處理或無(wú)硅處理植株上的產(chǎn)卵選擇無(wú)顯著差異。對(duì)Y型管支管內(nèi)壁上的著卵量進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),比較每雌產(chǎn)卵量,表明在無(wú)蟲(chóng)害水稻上,無(wú)硅處理或加硅處理水稻氣味對(duì)稻縱卷葉螟雌蟲(chóng)產(chǎn)卵量無(wú)顯著影響;而對(duì)于蟲(chóng)害水稻,無(wú)硅處理或加硅處理水稻氣味對(duì)雌蟲(chóng)產(chǎn)卵量存在顯著影響,選擇加硅處理水稻的雌蟲(chóng),每雌產(chǎn)卵量顯著高于不加硅處理水稻。利用Y型嗅覺(jué)儀研究水稻揮發(fā)物對(duì)稻縱卷葉螟3齡幼蟲(chóng)的趨性影響,處理包括無(wú)蟲(chóng)害加硅處理水稻與空白對(duì)照、無(wú)蟲(chóng)害無(wú)硅處理水稻與空白對(duì)照、無(wú)蟲(chóng)害加硅處理水稻與無(wú)蟲(chóng)害無(wú)硅處理水稻、稻縱卷葉螟為害加硅處理水稻與稻縱卷葉螟為害不加硅處理水稻。結(jié)果表明,3齡幼蟲(chóng)對(duì)水稻揮發(fā)物有顯著的趨向性,而對(duì)不同處理水稻之間的趨向無(wú)顯著差異。研究了無(wú)蟲(chóng)或稻縱卷葉螟為害下,加硅處理與不加硅處理水稻的揮發(fā)物情況,利用動(dòng)態(tài)頂空收集法收集了不同處理水稻的揮發(fā)物,并用GC-MS對(duì)其進(jìn)行分離、鑒定。結(jié)果表明,無(wú)蟲(chóng)害的無(wú)硅處理和加硅處理水稻,以及蟲(chóng)害的無(wú)硅處理和加硅處理水稻揮發(fā)物都包括烴類、酮類、醛類、烯類、芳香烴以及其他化合物。四個(gè)處理水稻植株的揮發(fā)物成分在種類上存在差異,而在釋放總量上不存在差異,僅在蟲(chóng)害無(wú)硅處理植株揮發(fā)物中檢測(cè)到水楊酸甲酯。綜合以上實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,硅元素對(duì)稻縱卷葉螟在無(wú)蟲(chóng)或稻縱卷葉螟幼蟲(chóng)為害過(guò)的水稻上的產(chǎn)卵選擇、幼蟲(chóng)趨性無(wú)顯著影響。對(duì)于蟲(chóng)害水稻,硅含量對(duì)雌成蟲(chóng)產(chǎn)卵量及水稻揮發(fā)物釋放存在顯著影響,硅處理與無(wú)硅處理水稻間揮發(fā)物的成分及一些成分的釋放量存在差異,這些差異可能在一定程度上抑制稻縱卷葉螟雌成蟲(chóng)的產(chǎn)卵。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of silicon on the oviposition selection, larval chemotaxis and volatiles release of rice leaf roller (TN1) and rice leaf roller (Oryza oryzae) were studied. The silicon content of rice leaves was 6137.10 鹵328.66 mg / kg and 51.45 鹵26.52 mg 路kg ~ (- 1) of silicon-free solution and silicon-containing nutrient solution (600mg/L) and silicon-free solution, respectively, by the method of rice water culture, and the silicon content of rice leaves treated with silicon was 6137.10 鹵328.66 mg / kg and 51.45 鹵26.52 mg 路kg ~ (- 1), respectively. There was significant difference between them. The oviposition selectivity of rice leaf roller to silicon treatment and silicon-free treatment was determined by cage cover method. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the oviposition selection of rice leaf roller adults between the two treatments, and the results showed that there was no significant difference in the oviposition selection between the two treatments. However, on the plants fed by rice leaf roller larvae, the adult oviposition rate on rice treated with silicon was significantly higher than that without silicon treatment. A Y-type olfactometer was used to determine the oviposition selectivity. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the oviposition selection of rice leaf roller adults in silicon-added or silicon-free plants, regardless of whether they were pest-free or pest-free rice. The number of eggs laid on the inner wall of Y-type branch tube was compared. The results showed that there was no significant effect on the oviposition quantity of the female leaf roller borer on the non-infestation rice treated with silicon-free or silicon-free treatment. For the pest-infested rice, the smell of rice treated with silicon-free or silicon-free treatment had a significant effect on the oviposition of female worms, and the oviposition amount per female treated with silicon was significantly higher than that of rice without silicon treatment. The effect of rice volatiles on the third instar larvae of rice leaf roller was studied by Y-type olfactometer. The treatments included pest-free and silicon-free treatment of rice and blank control, no pest-free treatment of rice and blank control, and no-infestation and silicon-free treatment of rice and blank control. Pest-free rice and non-infestation-free rice were treated with silicon, rice leaf roller was harmful to silicon treatment and rice was not damaged by silicon-free leaf roller (Oryza suppressalis) and rice (Oryza sativa) were treated with silicon. The results showed that the 3rd instar larvae had a significant tendency to rice volatiles, but there was no significant difference between different treatments. The volatiles of rice treated with and without silicon were studied in this paper. The volatiles of different treatments were collected by dynamic headspace collection method and separated and identified by GC-MS. The results showed that the pest-free and silicon-free treatment of rice, as well as the pest-free and silicon-free treatment of rice volatiles included hydrocarbons, ketones, aldehydes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons and other compounds. The volatile components of the four treatments were different in species, but there was no difference in the total release amount. Methyl salicylate was detected only in the volatiles of rice plants treated with no silicon. According to the above results, the silicon element had no significant effect on the oviposition selection and larval tendency of the rice leaf roller, which was damaged by the insect-free or the rice leaf roller larvae, and had no significant effect on the larval chemotaxis of the rice leaf roller. For the pest-infested rice, the silicon content had a significant effect on the oviposition of the female adult and the release of the rice volatiles, and there were differences in the volatile components and some components between the silicon treatment and the silicon-free treatment, and there was a significant difference between the silicon treatment and the silicon-free treatment. These differences may inhibit the oviposition of female adult rice leaf roller to some extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S435.112.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 韓永強(qiáng);弓少龍;文禮章;侯茂林;;水稻施用硅肥對(duì)稻縱卷葉螟幼蟲(chóng)取食和成蟲(chóng)產(chǎn)卵選擇性的影響[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2017年05期

2 王世玉;湯雨潔;任淼淼;胡波;蘇建亞;;稻縱卷葉螟殺蟲(chóng)劑敏感基線的建立與抗藥性監(jiān)測(cè)[J];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2016年03期

3 程建軍;朱均;劉芳;;稻縱卷葉螟對(duì)43種禾本科植物揮發(fā)物的觸角電位(EAG)反應(yīng)[J];應(yīng)用昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)報(bào);2016年03期

4 韓永強(qiáng);文禮章;侯茂林;;水稻施用硅肥對(duì)稻縱卷葉螟幼蟲(chóng)保護(hù)酶和解毒酶活性的影響[J];應(yīng)用昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)報(bào);2016年03期

5 解海翠;Durieux Delphine;范佳;劉勇;Bragard Claude;Haubruge Eric;孫京瑞;Francis Frédéric;陳巨蓮;;小麥揮發(fā)物對(duì)蚜蟲(chóng)及其天敵的行為影響——田間有效揮發(fā)性信息化合物的篩選(英文)[J];應(yīng)用昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)報(bào);2014年06期

6 狄浩;趙伊英;褚貴新;梁永超;;硅對(duì)葉螨危害后棉花防御酶活性的調(diào)控作用及其與抗蟲(chóng)性的關(guān)系[J];石河子大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2013年06期

7 白淑琴;阿木日沙那;那仁高娃;楊帆;王媛;王桂花;橫山拓史;;水稻中硅元素的分布及存在狀態(tài)[J];應(yīng)用與環(huán)境生物學(xué)報(bào);2012年03期

8 張娟;梁廣文;曾玲;;不同稻菜鄰作模式對(duì)稻縱卷葉螟、稻飛虱及其捕食性天敵的影響[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2011年02期

9 嚴(yán)善春;徐偉;袁紅娥;王琪;盧丹;;不同誘導(dǎo)因子對(duì)落葉松毛蟲(chóng)嗅覺(jué)和產(chǎn)卵選擇的影響[J];應(yīng)用生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2007年07期

10 陳華才,沈群超,婁永根,程家安;水稻揮發(fā)物對(duì)二化螟幼蟲(chóng)趨性行為的影響[J];中國(guó)水稻科學(xué);2004年05期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前2條

1 顏增光;王琛柱;;綠葉氣味化合物介導(dǎo)的植物與植物間的相互作用——綠葉氣味化合物引起玉米釋放萜類化合物和衍生酯[A];農(nóng)業(yè)生物災(zāi)害預(yù)防與控制研究[C];2005年

2 婁永根;程家安;杜孟浩;;水稻揮發(fā)物在稻虱纓小蜂寄主選擇行為中的作用:揮發(fā)物的分離、鑒定及一些活性組分的確定[A];面向21世紀(jì)的科技進(jìn)步與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展（下冊(cè)）[C];1999年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 孫萬(wàn)春;硅提高水稻對(duì)稻瘟病抗性的生理與分子機(jī)理[D];中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 程禹銘;不同寄主植物對(duì)甜菜夜蛾生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的影響及甜菜夜蛾寄主選擇的化學(xué)機(jī)制[D];揚(yáng)州大學(xué);2015年

2 張游南;小菜蛾為害對(duì)菜心間接化學(xué)防御的誘導(dǎo)效應(yīng)[D];福建農(nóng)林大學(xué);2013年

3 黃宇萍;小菜蛾誘導(dǎo)的甘藍(lán)揮發(fā)性物質(zhì)及其效應(yīng)[D];福建農(nóng)林大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：2433140