發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-21 20:05

【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)選用秦皇島市昌黎縣地區(qū)常規(guī)種植的甜玉米品種作為研究對(duì)象,設(shè)春播(4月3號(hào))和夏播(7月3號(hào))2個(gè)播期試驗(yàn),以春播品種金菲(Z1)和夏播品種華珍(X5)為對(duì)照,各選用9個(gè)品種為試驗(yàn)材料,進(jìn)行品比試驗(yàn)。其中選取春播品種金菲(Z1)、金甜878(Z6)設(shè)置四個(gè)密度處理,分別為45000株/hm~2(M1)、52500株/hm~2(M2)、60000株/hm~2(M3)、67500株/hm~2(M4),進(jìn)行密度試驗(yàn)。研究密度、品種對(duì)甜玉米籽粒產(chǎn)量的影響,同時(shí)對(duì)灌漿過(guò)程中春播和夏播品種可溶性糖含量、百籽粒鮮重、植株性狀指標(biāo)進(jìn)行測(cè)定。從而確定適宜一年兩茬的甜玉米品種及其種植密度,為生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐中合理密植,高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)提供理論依據(jù)。結(jié)論如下:1.隨著甜玉米種植密度的增加產(chǎn)量隨之提高,品種金菲表現(xiàn)為M4M3M2M1,品種金甜878為M3M4M2M1。而甜玉米品種金菲、金甜878的適時(shí)采收期均在灌漿后18 d-21 d。不同種植密度對(duì)可溶性糖含量有明顯影響,品種金菲表現(xiàn)為M3M2M4M1,品種金甜878表現(xiàn)為M1M4M2M3。因此,品種金菲適宜種植密度為67500株/hm~2,產(chǎn)量鮮重達(dá)1902.82 kg/畝;品種金甜878適宜種植密度為60000株/hm~2,產(chǎn)量鮮重達(dá)1621.85 kg/畝。2.甜玉米籽粒灌漿過(guò)程中可溶性糖含量均呈“S”型曲線變化趨勢(shì)黃粒甜玉米在灌漿后21 d含量最高,黃白粒在灌漿后27 d含量最高。春播甜玉米品種超甜1301表現(xiàn)為株高260.51 cm、穗位高97.40 cm、莖粗2.73 cm、穗長(zhǎng)22.27 cm、穗粗4.87 cm、行粒數(shù)43個(gè)、百籽粒鮮重21.07g、單穗重476.11 g等植株性狀,密度為60000株/hm~2時(shí)產(chǎn)量達(dá)1749.85 kg/667m~2,可溶性糖含量為11.94%,產(chǎn)量鮮重高,可溶性糖含量穩(wěn)定。夏播品種黃金萬(wàn)兩表現(xiàn)為株高274.67 cm、穗粗5.30 cm等植株性狀,密度為67500株/hm~2時(shí)產(chǎn)量鮮重達(dá)1398.00 kg/667m~2。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, sweet corn varieties planted in Changli County, Qinhuangdao City, were selected as the research objects, and two sowing dates of spring sowing (April 3) and summer sowing (July 3) were set up. The spring sowing variety Jinfei (Z1) and summer sowing variety Huazhen (X5) were used as control, 9 varieties each as the test material. Among them, four density treatments (45000 / hm~2 (M1), 52500 / hm~2 (M2), 60000 / hm~2 (M3), 67500 plants / hm~2 (M4) were selected from the spring sowing varieties Jinfei (Z1) and Jintian 878 (Z6). The density tests were carried out with four densities of 45000 plants / hm~2 (M1), 52500 plants / hm~2 (M2), 60000 plants / hm~2 (M3) and 67500 plants / hm~2 (M4). The effects of density and variety on the grain yield of sweet corn were studied, and the content of soluble sugar, fresh weight of 100 grains and plant characters during grain filling of spring and summer sowing varieties were measured. Thus, the suitable sweet corn varieties and their planting density were determined, which provided the theoretical basis for reasonable close planting and high yield and good quality in production practice. The conclusions are as follows: 1. With the increase of planting density of sweet corn, the yield of the variety Jinfei was M4M3M2M1and the variety Jintian878 was M3M4M2M1. The timely harvest period of sweet maize varieties Jinfei and Jintian 878 were 18 d ~ 21 d after filling. The content of soluble sugar was affected by different planting density. The variety Jinfei was M3M2M4M1 and the variety Jintian878 was M1M4M2M3. Therefore, the optimum planting density of Jinfei was 67500 plants / hm~2, the fresh weight of the variety Jintian 878 was 1902.82 kg/ mu, and the suitable planting density of Jintian878 was 60000 plants / hm~2, yield of 1621.85 kg/ mu. 2. The content of soluble Sugar in Sweet Maize during Grain filling all showed "S" curve the content of yellow sweet corn was the highest at 21 days after filling, and the content of yellow white grain was the highest at 27 days after filling. The spring sweet maize cultivar Chaotian 1301 was characterized by plant height of 260.51 cm, ear height of 97.40 cm, stem diameter of 2.73 cm, ear length of 22.27 cm, ear diameter of 4.87 cm, fresh weight of 100 grains, fresh weight of 21.07 g, single spike weight of 476.11 g, and so on. The density was 60000 plants / hm~ _ 2, the yield reached 1749.85 kg/667m~2, soluble sugar content was 11.94, the yield fresh weight was high, and the soluble sugar content was stable. Summer sowing variety Jinwanliang showed plant height of 274.67 cm, ear diameter of 5.30 cm, density of 67500 plants / hm~ 2 and fresh weight of 1398.00 kg/667m~2..
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北科技師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S513

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