【摘要】：莎稗磷是西德Hoechst公司七十年代后期發(fā)明的一種有機(jī)磷類除草劑�；瘜W(xué)名稱O,O-二甲基-S-4-氯-N-異丙基苯氨基甲�；谆虼姿狨�,是由N-氯乙�；�-N-異丙基-對氯苯胺和O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酸鹽縮合而成。本文以對氯苯胺、2-溴丙烷為原料合成中間體N-氯乙�；�-N-異丙基-對氯苯胺,以五硫化二磷、甲醇為原料合成中間體O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酸銨,進(jìn)而制得產(chǎn)品莎稗磷并且優(yōu)化了合成工藝。以對氯苯胺和2-溴丙烷為原料合成N-異丙基對氯苯胺。探究了反應(yīng)的影響因素,對產(chǎn)物進(jìn)行了核磁共振氫譜的表征。在最優(yōu)條件下,產(chǎn)率可達(dá)95%,純度可達(dá)96.8%。接下來用N-異丙基對氯苯胺與氯乙酰氯反應(yīng)制得N-氯乙�；�-N-異丙基-對氯苯胺。該步反應(yīng)較為容易進(jìn)行,在優(yōu)化了反應(yīng)條件之后,產(chǎn)率可達(dá)99%,純度可達(dá)98%以上。以五硫化二磷和甲醇為原料合成O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酸,接著向反應(yīng)體系通氨氣制得O,O-二甲基二硫代磷酸銨。探究了影響反應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵因素如溶劑、物料比、溫度、催化劑,得到了最佳反應(yīng)條件,目標(biāo)產(chǎn)物收率可達(dá)75.3%,純度99%。在制得兩個重要的中間體后,對二者進(jìn)行縮合反應(yīng)。反應(yīng)以正己烷為溶劑可達(dá)到很好的收率和純度。優(yōu)化了反應(yīng)條件之后,收率可達(dá)90%,純度可達(dá)97%。用正己烷取代傳統(tǒng)工藝中的甲苯作為溶劑,降低了成本,避免了甲苯的毒性,并且取得了更好的效果。
[Abstract]:Saspalum is an organophosphorus herbicide invented by Hoechst Company in West Germany in the late 1970s. The chemical name Oo-dimethyl-S-4-chloro-N-isopropylphenylamino-methyl dithiophosphate was synthesized by condensation of N- chloro-acetyl-N-isopropyl-p-chloroaniline and OO- dimethyl dithiophosphate. In this paper, the intermediate N-chloroacetyl-N-isopropyl-p-chloroaniline was synthesized from p-chloroaniline and 2-bromopropane. The product of salicarp was obtained and the synthetic process was optimized. N-isopropyl p-chloroaniline was synthesized from p-chloroaniline and 2-bromopropane. The influencing factors of the reaction were investigated, and the products were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Under the optimum conditions, the yield can reach 95% and the purity can reach 96.88%. Then N-chloroacetyl-N-isopropyl-p-chloroaniline was prepared by the reaction of N-isopropyl p-chloroaniline with chloroacetyl chloride. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the yield can reach 99% and the purity can reach more than 98%. OO- dimethyl dithiophosphoric acid was synthesized from diphosphate pentasulfide and methanol. The key factors affecting the reaction, such as solvent, material ratio, temperature and catalyst, were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained. The yield of the target product was up to 75.3 and the purity was 99.3. After two important intermediates were prepared, the two intermediates were condensed. The yield and purity of the reaction can be achieved by using n-hexane as solvent. After optimizing the reaction conditions, the yield can reach 90% and the purity can reach 97%. Using n-hexane as solvent instead of toluene in traditional process can reduce the cost, avoid the toxicity of toluene, and obtain better results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ457.2

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