廣金錢草生長(zhǎng)和品質(zhì)適宜性區(qū)劃研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-13 15:50
【摘要】：廣金錢草(Desmodium styracifolium(Osbeck)Merr.)為豆科廣金錢草干燥的地上部分,性微寒,味甘、淡,歸膀胱、肝、膽、腎經(jīng),具有利濕退黃、利尿通淋的功效,為兩廣地區(qū)常用中藥。隨著廣金錢草藥材的廣泛應(yīng)用,加之生態(tài)環(huán)境遭到破壞,野生資源數(shù)量急劇減少,無(wú)法滿足臨床和市場(chǎng)需求,目前市場(chǎng)上流通的藥材主要以栽培品為主。擴(kuò)大人工種植規(guī)模是緩解供求矛盾的有效途徑,但不考慮其生態(tài)適宜性,盲目種植,就會(huì)造成藥材質(zhì)量下降,土地和資源的浪費(fèi)。目前對(duì)廣金錢草的研究主要集中在栽培技術(shù)、產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量、遺傳多樣性、化學(xué)成分、藥理作用等方面,尚未見生態(tài)適宜性方面的相關(guān)報(bào)道。本研究通過(guò)實(shí)地調(diào)查,采集野生樣品,測(cè)定化學(xué)成分含量,根據(jù)生態(tài)位模型理論,利用最大信息熵值模型(MaxEnt)建立生態(tài)模型,結(jié)合AcrGis完成廣金錢草的生長(zhǎng)和品質(zhì)適宜性區(qū)劃,主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.單因素方差分析結(jié)果表明:不同產(chǎn)地廣金錢草夏佛塔苷、多糖和總黃酮含量存在一定差異,方差分析結(jié)果表明,廣西來(lái)賓、廣西百色、廣東遂溪3個(gè)地區(qū)的總黃酮含量極顯著高于其他地區(qū)(p0.01)分別為37.00±0.22 mg/g,37.05±1.90 mg/g,39.77±0.67 mg/g;海豐多糖含量最高,為15.13±1.41 mg/g,極顯著高于其他地區(qū)(p0.01);普寧夏佛塔苷含量最高,為5.23±0.2 mg/g,極顯著高于其他地區(qū)(p0.01);聚類分析結(jié)果表明:廣金錢草夏佛塔苷、多糖和總黃酮在地理位置分布上沒(méi)有明顯的區(qū)域界限,基地選址時(shí)有必要參考單一化學(xué)成分積累規(guī)律的研究,開展定向培育。2.生長(zhǎng)區(qū)劃的研究結(jié)果表明:4月均溫、最冷季節(jié)均溫、土壤類型、寒冷指數(shù)、年均降水量和最干月降水量6個(gè)生態(tài)因子對(duì)廣金錢草生長(zhǎng)適宜性的影響最大,生長(zhǎng)適宜性區(qū)劃圖表明廣金錢草主要分布在廣東省、廣西省、海南省,福建東南沿海、云南東南部和臺(tái)灣東部沿海地區(qū)。最適合廣金錢草生長(zhǎng)的地區(qū)主要有海南島北部、東部、南部沿海地區(qū),廣東省徐聞,廉江、茂名、陽(yáng)江、云浮等地區(qū)。3.品質(zhì)區(qū)劃的研究結(jié)果表明:夏佛塔苷含量與4月均溫、最冷季節(jié)均溫呈顯著性負(fù)相關(guān)(p0.05),與10月、11月降水量、4月、5月日照時(shí)長(zhǎng)呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(p0.01),與4月降水量、溫度季節(jié)性變化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差呈顯著性正相關(guān)(p0.05),與2月、3月降水量呈極顯著性正相關(guān)(p0.01)。多糖含量與4月降水量呈顯著性正相關(guān)(p0.05);總黃酮與現(xiàn)有生態(tài)因子沒(méi)有顯著相關(guān)性。分別以夏佛塔苷、多糖為品質(zhì)指標(biāo),依據(jù)品質(zhì)區(qū)劃模型繪制出廣金錢草的品質(zhì)區(qū)劃圖,預(yù)測(cè)夏佛塔苷含量最高的地區(qū)主要位于海南北部沿海、西北部沿海和中部零星地區(qū);多糖含量最高的地區(qū)分布在廣西中部,廣東中部和雷州半島北部。
[Abstract]:(Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr.) It is the dry aboveground part of Leguminosae. It is cold, sweet, light, bladder, liver, gallbladder, kidney meridian, it has the function of moisturizing and yellow, diuretic and elution, which is commonly used as traditional Chinese medicine in Liangguang area. With the wide application of Herba Guanjinensis and the destruction of ecological environment, the quantity of wild resources has been reduced sharply, which can not meet the clinical and market needs. At present, the main medicinal materials in circulation on the market are mainly cultivated. Expanding the scale of artificial planting is an effective way to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand, but blind planting without considering its ecological suitability will lead to the decline of the quality of medicinal materials and the waste of land and resources. At present, the researches on the cultivation techniques, yield and quality, genetic diversity, chemical composition and pharmacological action of Euglenia chinensis have not been reported in the field of ecological suitability. Through field investigation, wild samples were collected, chemical composition content was determined, according to niche model theory, the maximum information entropy model (MaxEnt) was used to establish ecological model, and AcrGis was used to complete the regionalization of growth and quality suitability. The main results are as follows: 1. The results of univariate ANOVA showed that there were some differences in the contents of Haphoroside, polysaccharides and total flavonoids in different habitats. The results of ANOVA indicated that Guilingbin and Baise in Guangxi were different in content of total flavonoids. The contents of total flavonoids in Suixi, Guangdong Province were significantly higher than those in other regions (p0.01), which were 37.00 鹵0.22 mg/g,37.05 鹵1.90 mg/g,39.77 鹵0.67 mg/g;, respectively. The content of Haifeng polysaccharide was the highest (15.13 鹵1.41 mg/g,) significantly higher than that of other regions (p0.01), the content of Puninghamadin was the highest (5.23 鹵0.2 mg/g,) significantly higher than that of other regions (p0.01). The results of cluster analysis showed that there was no obvious regional limit on the geographical distribution of Haphorta glycosides, polysaccharides and total flavonoids, and it was necessary to study the accumulation of single chemical components in the site selection of the base, and to carry out directional cultivation. 2. The results of growth regionalization showed that the average temperature in April, the mean temperature in the coldest season, the soil type, the cold index, the average annual precipitation and the driest monthly precipitation had the greatest influence on the growth suitability of Eugenia guangensis. The plot of growth suitability shows that the main species are in Guangdong Province, Guangxi Province, Hainan Province, the southeast coast of Fujian, the southeast of Yunnan and the eastern coastal area of Taiwan. Most suitable for the growth of the main areas of Hainan Island in the north, east, southern coastal areas, Guangdong Province Xuwen, Lianjiang, Maoming, Yangjiang, Yunfu and other areas. The results of quality zonation showed that the content of HA phorin was negatively correlated with the mean temperature in April and the coldest season (p0.05), and was negatively correlated with the precipitation in October and November, and the sunshine duration in April and May (p0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between the standard deviation of temperature seasonal variation and the precipitation in April (p0.05) and the precipitation in February and March (p0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between polysaccharide content and April precipitation (p0.05), but no significant correlation between total flavonoids and existing ecological factors. Based on the quality zonation model, the quality zonation map of Sargassum chinensis was plotted by using the quality index of Haphorta glycosides and polysaccharides, respectively, and it was predicted that the areas with the highest content of Haphorta glycosides were mainly located in the northern coast of Hainan, the northwest coast and the central part of Hainan. The highest content of polysaccharides is in central Guangxi, central Guangdong and northern Leizhou Peninsula.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東藥科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S567.239
[Abstract]:(Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr.) It is the dry aboveground part of Leguminosae. It is cold, sweet, light, bladder, liver, gallbladder, kidney meridian, it has the function of moisturizing and yellow, diuretic and elution, which is commonly used as traditional Chinese medicine in Liangguang area. With the wide application of Herba Guanjinensis and the destruction of ecological environment, the quantity of wild resources has been reduced sharply, which can not meet the clinical and market needs. At present, the main medicinal materials in circulation on the market are mainly cultivated. Expanding the scale of artificial planting is an effective way to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand, but blind planting without considering its ecological suitability will lead to the decline of the quality of medicinal materials and the waste of land and resources. At present, the researches on the cultivation techniques, yield and quality, genetic diversity, chemical composition and pharmacological action of Euglenia chinensis have not been reported in the field of ecological suitability. Through field investigation, wild samples were collected, chemical composition content was determined, according to niche model theory, the maximum information entropy model (MaxEnt) was used to establish ecological model, and AcrGis was used to complete the regionalization of growth and quality suitability. The main results are as follows: 1. The results of univariate ANOVA showed that there were some differences in the contents of Haphoroside, polysaccharides and total flavonoids in different habitats. The results of ANOVA indicated that Guilingbin and Baise in Guangxi were different in content of total flavonoids. The contents of total flavonoids in Suixi, Guangdong Province were significantly higher than those in other regions (p0.01), which were 37.00 鹵0.22 mg/g,37.05 鹵1.90 mg/g,39.77 鹵0.67 mg/g;, respectively. The content of Haifeng polysaccharide was the highest (15.13 鹵1.41 mg/g,) significantly higher than that of other regions (p0.01), the content of Puninghamadin was the highest (5.23 鹵0.2 mg/g,) significantly higher than that of other regions (p0.01). The results of cluster analysis showed that there was no obvious regional limit on the geographical distribution of Haphorta glycosides, polysaccharides and total flavonoids, and it was necessary to study the accumulation of single chemical components in the site selection of the base, and to carry out directional cultivation. 2. The results of growth regionalization showed that the average temperature in April, the mean temperature in the coldest season, the soil type, the cold index, the average annual precipitation and the driest monthly precipitation had the greatest influence on the growth suitability of Eugenia guangensis. The plot of growth suitability shows that the main species are in Guangdong Province, Guangxi Province, Hainan Province, the southeast coast of Fujian, the southeast of Yunnan and the eastern coastal area of Taiwan. Most suitable for the growth of the main areas of Hainan Island in the north, east, southern coastal areas, Guangdong Province Xuwen, Lianjiang, Maoming, Yangjiang, Yunfu and other areas. The results of quality zonation showed that the content of HA phorin was negatively correlated with the mean temperature in April and the coldest season (p0.05), and was negatively correlated with the precipitation in October and November, and the sunshine duration in April and May (p0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between the standard deviation of temperature seasonal variation and the precipitation in April (p0.05) and the precipitation in February and March (p0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between polysaccharide content and April precipitation (p0.05), but no significant correlation between total flavonoids and existing ecological factors. Based on the quality zonation model, the quality zonation map of Sargassum chinensis was plotted by using the quality index of Haphorta glycosides and polysaccharides, respectively, and it was predicted that the areas with the highest content of Haphorta glycosides were mainly located in the northern coast of Hainan, the northwest coast and the central part of Hainan. The highest content of polysaccharides is in central Guangxi, central Guangdong and northern Leizhou Peninsula.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東藥科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S567.239
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 何博;許勇;楊e，
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