【摘要】：為了提高賀蘭山東麓釀酒葡萄的果實(shí)品質(zhì),本試驗(yàn)以“北紅”和“赤霞珠”釀酒葡萄為試材,轉(zhuǎn)色前通過(guò)進(jìn)行疏葉和疏果處理以調(diào)節(jié)庫(kù)源比例,研究庫(kù)源關(guān)系變化對(duì)釀酒葡萄葉片生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育、果實(shí)花色苷合成相關(guān)酶活性、花色苷組分及果實(shí)品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明:1.與對(duì)照相比,釀酒葡萄源葉減少可提高葉片葉綠素含量;“北紅”葡萄葉片的糖含量也有所提高,而“赤霞珠”葡萄葉片的糖含量則有所下降。隨著“北紅”葡萄源葉/果實(shí)庫(kù)比例降低至20cm2/粒(12葉/穗)時(shí),葉片的葉綠素及糖含量均有提高,其中可溶性總糖、還原糖和蔗糖含量均顯著增加�！俺嘞贾椤逼咸言慈~/果實(shí)庫(kù)比例增加至22cm2/粒(23葉/穗)時(shí),葉片的葉綠素和可溶性總糖含量提高,尤以葉綠素含量增加顯著,而還原糖和蔗糖含量則有所下降,差異不顯著。2.隨著源葉面積比例的降低,“北紅”葡萄果實(shí)花色苷酶活性有所提高;隨著果實(shí)庫(kù)比例的降低,“赤霞珠”葡萄果實(shí)花色苷酶活性則有所提高�！氨奔t”葡萄在20cm2/粒(12葉/穗)時(shí),PAL和4CL活性顯著升高;“赤霞珠”葡萄隨源葉/果實(shí)庫(kù)比例增加或降低時(shí),PAL活性均顯著升高,C4H活性略有升高,4CL活性則顯著降低。3.與對(duì)照相比,隨著源葉/果實(shí)庫(kù)比例的降低,釀酒葡萄果實(shí)總花色苷及單體花色苷含量增加�！氨奔t”葡萄源/庫(kù)比降低至20cm2/粒(12葉/穗)時(shí),果實(shí)中總花色苷和單體花色苷含量有顯著提高;“赤霞珠”葡萄隨源/庫(kù)比增加至22cm2/粒(23葉/穗)時(shí),果實(shí)總花色苷含量略有提高,而單體花色苷含量則顯著提高。4.隨著“北紅”葡萄源葉減少,源/庫(kù)比降低至20cm2/粒(12葉/穗)時(shí),果實(shí)的可溶性總糖、還原糖和總酚含量均有效提高;其次是源/庫(kù)比增加(果實(shí)庫(kù)減少)至28cm2/粒(20葉/穗)處理效果較好;二者差異不顯著�！俺嘞贾椤逼咸堰M(jìn)行疏粒處理對(duì)其品質(zhì)的提高更為有利,隨著源/庫(kù)比增加至22cm2/粒(23葉/穗)時(shí),果實(shí)的可溶性總糖和還原糖含量有效提高,總酚含量也顯著增加,而單寧含量則顯著降低;29cm2/粒(36葉/穗)的處理效果次之;二者差異亦未達(dá)顯著水平。因此,在本試驗(yàn)條件下,“北紅”葡萄源葉/果實(shí)庫(kù)比例為20cm2/粒(12葉/穗)～28cm2/粒(20葉/穗)、“赤霞珠”葡萄為22cm2/粒(23葉/穗)～29cm2/粒(36葉/德)時(shí),較為適宜其營(yíng)養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)和生殖生長(zhǎng)。果實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)色前進(jìn)行適宜的庫(kù)源比例調(diào)節(jié),利于果實(shí)花色苷合成相關(guān)酶活性的積累、加速誘導(dǎo)花色苷的生成,以此提高果實(shí)品質(zhì)及產(chǎn)量、增強(qiáng)植株生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the fruit quality of wine grape at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain, the grape of "Beihong" and "Cabernet Sauvignon" was used as the material in this experiment, and the ratio of pool and source was adjusted by thinning leaves and fruits before color conversion. The effects of pool and source relationship on leaf growth and development, anthocyanin synthase activity, anthocyanin composition and fruit quality of wine grape were studied. The results show that: 1. Compared with the control, the leaf chlorophyll content was increased by reducing the source leaf of wine grape, the sugar content of the leaf of "Beihong" grape was also increased, and the sugar content of the leaf of Cabernet Sauvignon was decreased. When the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of "Beihong" grape decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the content of chlorophyll and sugar in leaves increased, and the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar and sucrose increased significantly. When the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of Cabernet Sauvignon increased to 23 leaves / panicle of 22cm2/, the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar increased, especially the content of chlorophyll increased significantly, while the content of reducing sugar and sucrose decreased. The difference is not significant. 2. With the decrease of the ratio of the source leaf area, the anthocyaninase activity of "Beihong" grape fruit was increased, while that of Cabernet Sauvignon grape fruit anthocyaninase increased with the decrease of fruit pool ratio. The activities of PAL and 4CL increased significantly in 20cm2/ grains (12 leaves / panicles) of "Beihong" grape. With the increase or decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink, the activity of PAL increased significantly, the activity of C4H increased slightly, and the activity of 4CL decreased significantly with the increase or decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit pool of Cabernet Sauvignon (Cabernet Sauvignon). Compared with the control, the total anthocyanins and monomeric anthocyanins increased with the decrease of the ratio of source leaf to fruit pool. When the ratio of source / sink of "Beihong" grape decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the content of anthocyanin and anthocyanin in fruit increased significantly. The total anthocyanin content of Cabernet Sauvignon grape increased slightly with the increase of source / sink ratio to 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / panicle), while that of monomeric anthocyanin increased significantly. 4. With the decrease of "Beihong" grape source leaves, the ratio of source to sink decreased to 12 leaves / panicles of 20cm2/, the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar and total phenol increased effectively. Secondly, the effect of source / sink ratio increased (fruit sink decreased) to 28cm2/ grain (20 leaves / panicle) was better, but the difference between them was not significant. The quality of Cabernet Sauvignon grape was improved by thinning treatment. With the increase of source / sink ratio to 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / panicle), the content of soluble sugar and reducing sugar increased effectively, and the content of total phenol increased significantly. The content of tannin decreased significantly. The treatment effect of 29cm2/ grain (36 leaf / ear) was the second, and the difference between them was not significant. Therefore, under the experimental conditions, the ratio of source leaf to fruit sink of "Behong" grape was 20cm2/ (12 leaves / panicle) ~ 28cm2/ grain (20 leaves / panicle), and Cabernet Sauvignon grape was 22cm2/ grain (23 leaf / ear) ~ 29cm2/ grain (36 leaf / d). It is suitable for vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The appropriate ratio of pool and source was adjusted before fruit color conversion, which was beneficial to the accumulation of anthocyanin synthesis-related enzyme activity, to accelerate the induction of anthocyanin formation, so as to improve the fruit quality and yield, and enhance the plant growth and development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S663.1

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