發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 18:11

【摘要】：目前,農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)過程中,隨著農(nóng)業(yè)信息化技術(shù)的發(fā)展,精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)憑借其低耗、環(huán)保等諸多優(yōu)勢,已成為農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的必然趨勢。變量噴藥技術(shù)是精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)的重要研究領(lǐng)域,而變量噴藥控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計是變量噴藥技術(shù)的重要組成部分�，F(xiàn)階段已有的變量噴藥控制系統(tǒng)大多是通過PWM以及調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)壓力等調(diào)節(jié)方式改變系統(tǒng)噴藥量,這些系統(tǒng)普遍具有設(shè)計成本較高、實現(xiàn)難度較大等缺點�；谏鲜霰尘�,本文設(shè)計了一種基于多噴頭組合的變量噴藥控制系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)能夠快速響應(yīng)噴藥量決策信息,執(zhí)行變量噴藥任務(wù)。設(shè)計通過控制三路噴頭的組合方式實現(xiàn)變量噴藥,噴藥量可調(diào)節(jié)范圍較寬,同時省去了電動閥、ARM等價格昂貴的硬件設(shè)備,設(shè)計成本較低。系統(tǒng)以單片機STC12C5A60S2為核心處理器,單片機通過無線通信模塊實時接收上位機傳來的雜草分布決策信息,進而控制不同噴頭的開閉組合以實現(xiàn)7種瞬時噴藥量不同的變量噴藥功能。同時,在噴藥控制系統(tǒng)正常作業(yè)過程中,系統(tǒng)設(shè)計了霍爾流量,速度,壓力,液位等信息反饋模塊,通過液晶顯示屏實時顯示噴藥控制系統(tǒng)工作狀態(tài),當(dāng)噴藥控制系統(tǒng)任意部分發(fā)生故障時,核心處理器及時觸發(fā)報警電路,進而通知工作人員及時檢修,避免損失。為了驗證本文設(shè)計的多噴頭組合變量噴藥控制系統(tǒng)的可行性與有效性,本課題組在噴霧性能綜合試驗臺上搭建了多噴頭組合變量噴藥控制系統(tǒng),并進行了相應(yīng)試驗工作。通過對試驗數(shù)據(jù)的分析表明:本論文所設(shè)計的噴藥控制系統(tǒng)噴藥量可調(diào)節(jié)范圍寬,誤差小,噴藥響應(yīng)速度快。綜上所述,變量噴藥控制系統(tǒng)具有操作簡單、響應(yīng)迅速、成本較低、便于推廣,節(jié)約農(nóng)藥、保護生態(tài)環(huán)境等諸多優(yōu)勢,為我國變量噴藥控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展提供了理論基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)支持。
[Abstract]:At present, with the development of agricultural information technology, precision agriculture has become an inevitable trend of agricultural modernization with its advantages of low consumption and environmental protection. Variable spraying technology is an important research field in precision agriculture, and the design of variable spraying control system is an important part of variable spraying technology. At present, most of the existing variable spray control systems change the amount of spray by means of PWM and regulating system pressure. These systems generally have the disadvantages of high design cost and difficulty in implementation. Based on the above background, a variable spray control system based on multi-nozzle combination is designed in this paper. The system can quickly respond to the decision information of spray amount and perform variable spray tasks. The variable spray is realized by controlling the combination of three spray heads, and the amount of spray can be adjusted in a wide range. At the same time, the expensive hardware equipment such as electric valve and ARM are eliminated, and the design cost is lower. The system takes STC12C5A60S2 as the core processor, and the MCU receives the weed distribution decision information from the upper computer through the wireless communication module in real time, and then controls the opening and closing combination of different sprinklers to realize the variable spraying function of 7 kinds of instantaneous spraying quantity. At the same time, during the normal operation of the spray control system, Hall flow rate, speed, pressure, liquid level and other information feedback modules are designed to display the working state of the spray control system in real time through liquid crystal display. When any part of the spray control system breaks down, the core processor triggers the alarm circuit in time, and then informs the staff to repair in time to avoid the loss. In order to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the multi-nozzle combined variable spray control system designed in this paper, a multi-nozzle combined variable spray control system was set up on the spray performance comprehensive test rig, and the corresponding experimental work was carried out. Through the analysis of the test data, it is shown that the spray control system designed in this paper has the advantages of wide adjustable range, small error and fast spray response speed. To sum up, variable spray control system has many advantages, such as simple operation, quick response, low cost, easy to popularize, saving pesticide, protecting ecological environment, etc. It provides theoretical basis and technical support for the development of variable spray control technology in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S49;TP273

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