【摘要】：滴灌技術(shù)是一種局部灌溉方式,是目前提高農(nóng)業(yè)用水利用率最為有效的節(jié)水灌溉技術(shù)之一。掌握土壤水分運(yùn)移規(guī)律是正確進(jìn)行滴灌系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)以及有效進(jìn)行節(jié)水灌溉的前提,而對(duì)作物灌溉需水量的準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)是進(jìn)行有效節(jié)水的重要保障,對(duì)灌區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)生產(chǎn)具有重要的指導(dǎo)和借鑒意義。本文主要從灌水方式以及灌溉預(yù)測(cè)模型兩個(gè)方面對(duì)節(jié)水灌溉進(jìn)行了研究。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容概括如下:1)以室內(nèi)無(wú)作物生長(zhǎng)的燥紅壤土為研究對(duì)象,利用土壤濕度傳感器對(duì)單點(diǎn)源灌溉條件下土壤水分運(yùn)移進(jìn)行動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)和數(shù)據(jù)采集,主要考察了滴頭流量、灌水量以及初始含水量對(duì)土壤濕潤(rùn)鋒運(yùn)移的影響以及停灌后土壤含水量的再分布情況。2)提出了一種基于鍵逾滲模型的灌溉區(qū)基本控制單元自適應(yīng)劃分方法。通過定義的連通性量化指標(biāo)判斷灌區(qū)灌溉情況,并利用MATALB軟件進(jìn)行該算法的仿真,驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性,最后在草坪地進(jìn)行了實(shí)際驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果證明了該算法的可行性及實(shí)用性。3)選取溫室黃瓜作為研究對(duì)象,采用遺傳算法優(yōu)化的BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建了黃瓜灌溉需水量預(yù)測(cè)模型,并利用檢驗(yàn)樣本驗(yàn)證了該模型的預(yù)測(cè)效果。結(jié)果表明,該模型預(yù)測(cè)精度高,預(yù)測(cè)準(zhǔn)確性好,可將其應(yīng)用于溫室黃瓜需水量的預(yù)測(cè)。4)利用MATLAB的GUI界面設(shè)計(jì)了溫室內(nèi)黃瓜需水量預(yù)測(cè)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)具有友好的人機(jī)界面,能很好的方便用戶進(jìn)行溫室黃瓜需水量的預(yù)測(cè)。
[Abstract]:Drip irrigation is a local irrigation method, which is one of the most effective irrigation techniques to improve the utilization of agricultural water. It is a prerequisite to correctly design drip irrigation system and to effectively carry out water-saving irrigation to master the law of soil moisture migration. The accurate prediction of crop irrigation water demand is an important guarantee for effective water-saving. It has important guidance and reference significance for sustainable agricultural production in irrigation district. In this paper, water-saving irrigation was studied from two aspects: irrigation mode and irrigation prediction model. The main research contents are summarized as follows: (1) the dry red loam growing without crops is used as the research object. The soil moisture transfer and data collection under single point source irrigation are carried out by using soil moisture sensor, and the flow rate of dripper is mainly investigated. The effects of irrigation amount and initial water content on soil moisture front migration and the redistribution of soil moisture content after irrigation closure (.2) an adaptive partition method of basic control unit of irrigation area based on key percolation model was proposed. The irrigation condition of irrigation area is judged by the defined connectivity quantitative index, and the simulation of the algorithm is carried out by using MATALB software. The validity of the method is verified. Finally, the validity of the method is verified in the lawn field. The results show that the algorithm is feasible and practical. 3) Cucumber in greenhouse is selected as the research object, and the forecast model of irrigation water demand of cucumber is constructed by BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm. The prediction effect of the model is verified by test samples. The results show that the model has high prediction accuracy and good accuracy. It can be applied to the prediction of water demand of greenhouse cucumber. The GUI interface of MATLAB is used to design the water demand prediction system of cucumber in greenhouse. The system has friendly man-machine interface. It is convenient for users to forecast the water demand of cucumber in greenhouse.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S274

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本文編號(hào)：2174555