【摘要】：三七(Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen)是五加科(Araliaceae)之人參屬植物,是我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的名貴中藥材,主產(chǎn)于云南文山,栽培利用歷史悠久。研究表明,三七有止血、鎮(zhèn)痛、降血壓、調(diào)節(jié)血糖、提高免疫力等功效,具有重要的藥用價(jià)值。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)三七種質(zhì)資源的科學(xué)利用,提高三七品質(zhì),滿足市場(chǎng)需求,需要通過(guò)包括組織培養(yǎng)等多種技術(shù)措施,來(lái)推動(dòng)三七的基礎(chǔ)研究以及栽培育種工作,對(duì)進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)利用三七這一藥用植物提供參考。本研究重點(diǎn)對(duì)三七進(jìn)行組織培養(yǎng)與多倍體誘導(dǎo)的問(wèn)題開(kāi)展了研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:1、在三七愈傷組織誘導(dǎo)途徑中,得出三七愈傷組織的最佳外植體為莖段,莖段的最佳消毒方法為75%酒精消毒30s、5%次氯酸鈉消毒30min。最佳褐化抑制劑及濃度為PVP 0.05g/L,最佳愈傷誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)基為MS培養(yǎng)基+ 3.5mg/L 2,4-D+0.8mg/LKT。2、在三七愈傷分化誘導(dǎo)途徑中,得出愈傷組織不定根分化的最佳培養(yǎng)基為MS培養(yǎng)基+ 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D,不定芽分化的最佳培養(yǎng)基為MS培養(yǎng)基+ 1.5 mg/L GA3+ 1.5 mg/L 6-BA。3、在三七愈傷組織多倍化的誘導(dǎo)中,暫未篩選出多倍體誘導(dǎo)的最佳方案,但實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示秋水仙素會(huì)影響愈傷組織的生長(zhǎng),嘗試低濃度的秋水仙素可能會(huì)對(duì)愈傷組織的染色體的加倍有一定效果。三角槭(Acer buergerianum Miq.)又名三角楓,槭樹(shù)科(Aceraceae)槭屬植物。它作為一種重要的觀賞植物具有巨大的商業(yè)價(jià)值。但是,隨著近幾年人類的活動(dòng),三角槭的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境已經(jīng)被嚴(yán)重地破壞,中國(guó)野生的三角槭自然種群正在大量且快速地減少。在過(guò)去的幾年里,葉綠體基因組已廣泛地應(yīng)用于物種的鑒定以及系統(tǒng)發(fā)育分析中。而通過(guò)對(duì)三角槭進(jìn)行葉綠體基因組測(cè)序得到的序列可以為以后的研究者提供有用的信息,以重建復(fù)雜的進(jìn)化關(guān)系。本文采用高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)對(duì)三角槭進(jìn)行了葉綠體全基因組測(cè)序。完成的葉綠體基因組長(zhǎng)度大小為156,477bP�；蚪M包含134個(gè)基因,其中包括89個(gè)蛋白編碼基因,40個(gè)tRNA基因和8個(gè)rRNA基因。大多數(shù)基因以單拷貝基因出現(xiàn),其中有23個(gè)是雙拷貝基因。通過(guò)對(duì)三角槭的葉綠體基因組的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)化分析表明,三角楓與廟臺(tái)槭(A.miaotaiense),臺(tái)灣紅榨槭(A.morrisonense 和青榨槭(4.davidii)有著較近的親緣關(guān)系。三角槭的葉綠體全基因組的測(cè)序能夠?yàn)樯锒鄻有员Ｗo(hù)、分子學(xué)和生態(tài)學(xué)打下一定的基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:37 (Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H.Chen) is the ginseng plant of the family of five acanthopanacs (Araliaceae). It is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, which mainly produced in Wenshan of Yunnan. It has a long history of cultivation and utilization. The study shows that 37 has the efficacy of hemostasis, analgesia, lowering blood pressure, regulating blood sugar, raising immunity and so on. It is of important medicinal value. In order to achieve 37 kinds of medical value. The scientific utilization of quality resources to improve the 37 quality and meet the demand of the market, we need to promote the 37 basic research and cultivation and breeding through various technical measures including organization and cultivation, and provide reference for the further development and utilization of 37 medicinal plants. This study focuses on the question of tissue culture and polyploid induction of 37. The results are as follows: 1, in the 37 callus induction route, the best explant of 37 callus is the stem section, the best disinfection method of the stem section is 75% alcohol disinfection 30s, 5% sodium hypochlorite disinfection 30min. best browning inhibitor and the concentration of PVP 0.05g/L, the best callus culture medium is MS medium + 3.5mg/L 2,4-D+0.8mg/LKT.2, in the 37 callus induction pathway, the best medium for the differentiation of adventitious roots of callus is MS medium + 1 mg/L 2,4-D, and the best medium for adventitious bud differentiation is MS medium + 1.5 mg/L GA3+ 1.5 mg/L 6-BA.3, and the optimal polyploid induction is not selected for the induction of polyploidy in the 37 callus. But the experimental results show that colchicine can affect the growth of callus. Trying low concentration of colchicine may have a certain effect on the doubling of the chromosomes of the callus. Acer buergerianum Miq. is also known as the triangular maple and Acer (Aceraceae) Acer plant. It has a great business as an important ornamental plant. However, with the activities of human activities in recent years, the growth environment of Acer triangulation has been seriously damaged, and the natural population of Chinese wild Acer is decreasing rapidly and rapidly. In the past few years, the chloroplast genome has been widely used in species identification and phylogenetic analysis. The sequence of green genome sequencing can provide useful information for future researchers to reconstruct complex evolutionary relationships. In this paper, high throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the whole chloroplast genome of Acer triangulation. The length of the chloroplast genome was 134 genes, including 89 eggs, including 134 genes. White coded genes, 40 tRNA genes and 8 rRNA genes. Most of the genes appear with single copy genes, of which 23 are double copy genes. By phylogenetic analysis of the chloroplast genome of the triangulation Acer, the triangular maple (maple maple) is closely related to the maple (A.miaotaiense), the Taiwan red maple (A.morrisonense and 4.davidii). The sequence of chloroplast genome of Acer negundo can lay a foundation for biodiversity conservation, molecular biology and ecology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S567.236;S792.35

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 戴瑩;楊世海;趙鴻崢;趙連華;;藥用植物組織培養(yǎng)中褐化現(xiàn)象的研究進(jìn)展[J];中草藥;2016年02期

2 馮代弟;王燕;陳劍平;;植物組培褐化發(fā)生機(jī)制的研究進(jìn)展[J];浙江農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào);2015年06期

3 趙興宇;李麗麗;楊洪一;;藍(lán)莓莖段離體快繁研究[J];北方園藝;2015年01期

4 袁云香;朱麗君;王建鵬;張鵬;;南方紅豆杉愈傷組織誘導(dǎo)及褐化防治研究[J];北方園藝;2014年19期

5 洪陳潔;林晗;吳承禎;;植物多倍體特征與誘導(dǎo)及其應(yīng)用[J];武夷學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2014年02期

6 王祥軍;李維國(guó);黃華孫;高新生;吳春太;張曉飛;黃肖;;不同凝固劑對(duì)橡膠樹(shù)花藥培養(yǎng)次生體胚發(fā)生的影響[J];中國(guó)熱帶農(nóng)業(yè);2013年06期

7 韋榮昌;吳慶華;馬小軍;譚小明;李小勇;施力軍;白隆華;;植物多倍體的研究進(jìn)展[J];種子;2013年07期

8 李麗明;任斌;郭潔文;鄧志軍;劉若軒;;不同規(guī)格三七揮發(fā)性成分研究[J];中藥材;2013年06期

9 代建麗;宋嬋嬋;徐晨;張國(guó)彬;;庫(kù)拉索蘆薈組織培養(yǎng)褐化現(xiàn)象的抑制研究[J];安徽農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào);2013年06期

10 李杰;黃學(xué)文;王明瑩;董曉穎;;藍(lán)莓組培外植體消毒條件初探[J];中國(guó)園藝文摘;2013年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前7條

1 張勁松;北細(xì)辛愈傷組織誘導(dǎo)及苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因片段的克隆[D];東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

2 曲文靜;芍藥組織培養(yǎng)及褐化研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

3 郗浩江;新疆紫草愈傷組織誘導(dǎo)及芽增殖[D];新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

4 圖亞;蒙古黃榆組織培養(yǎng)及植株再生的研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

5 韋柳成;鳳丹組織培養(yǎng)及培養(yǎng)條件對(duì)愈傷組織中丹皮酚含量的影響[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

6 池源;藥用植物山烏龜?shù)慕M織培養(yǎng)研究[D];西南大學(xué);2009年

7 袁延強(qiáng);三七的化學(xué)成分研究[D];沈陽(yáng)藥科大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：2152045