【摘要】：目前針對生物絮凝的研究主要是環(huán)境因素、碳源、對養(yǎng)殖對象的影響等方面,其中C/N在生物絮凝中的影響已經(jīng)做了大量的研究。不同的碳源和C/N對生物絮凝有著影響差異較大,對生物絮凝養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和可控性提出了更高的要求。生物絮凝技術在養(yǎng)殖上的研究對象主要是濾食性的魚蝦類水產(chǎn)動物�；狑~作為一種營養(yǎng)豐富、經(jīng)濟價值高的肉食性魚類,具有較高的研究價值。針對這個問題,本文提出了將生物絮凝技術應用于花鰻鱺養(yǎng)殖上,研究了成熟的生物絮凝系統(tǒng)零碳源添加對花鰻鱺養(yǎng)殖效果的影響,以及生物絮體替代部分飼料中對花鰻鱺養(yǎng)殖效果的影響。試驗內(nèi)容分為以下三部分:1.生物絮凝養(yǎng)殖模式對花鰻鱺養(yǎng)殖效果的影響試驗研究了生物絮凝養(yǎng)殖模式對花鰻鱺生長性能、體組成、消化酶和血液指標等方面的影響,本次試驗周期為60天。本次試驗設置循環(huán)水養(yǎng)殖模式作為對照組、生物絮凝養(yǎng)殖模式作為實驗組。每組設置三個平行缸。每缸的養(yǎng)殖密度是10 kg/m3�；狑~初始體重為393.59±11.83 g。實驗結(jié)果顯示,實驗組水中總氨氮(TAN)、亞硝氮(NO2--N)和硝氮(NO3--N)含量均顯著高于對照組,分別為1.12±0.2 mg/L、0.16±0.05 mg/L和228.44±28.48 mg/L,其中硝態(tài)氮在實驗期間持續(xù)升高。實驗結(jié)束時實驗組和對照組的最終密度(FD)、增重率(WGR)、特定生長率(SCR),飼料系數(shù)(FCR)無顯著差異(P0.05)。實驗組第60天肝臟超氧化酶歧化物(T-SOD)顯著高于第30天,較對照組無顯著差異。實驗組血清堿性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶(ALT)、甘油三酯(TG)、血糖(GLU)和總蛋白(TP)較對照組無顯著差異。實驗期間實驗組和對照組的胃蛋白酶均降低,其中對照組下降顯著。實驗組腸蛋白酶活性較對照組無顯著差異。2.飼料中添加生物絮體對花鰻鱺養(yǎng)殖效果的影響試驗研究了用花鰻鱺糞便培養(yǎng)的生物絮體添加到飼料中,對花鰻鱺生長性能、體組成、消化酶和非特異性免疫方面的影響。本次試驗周期為60天。試驗分為配合飼料組(對照組)和生物絮體混合飼料組(實驗組)。每組設置三個平行缸。每缸的初始密度為12.03±0.23 kg/m3�；狑~初始體重為400.96±6.84 g。試驗結(jié)果顯示,試驗結(jié)束時,實驗組花鰻鱺的體重顯著低于對照組(P0.05);試驗初期,實驗組花鰻鱺增重率為2.19±1.06%,較對照組低(P0.05),試驗中后期,實驗組增重率與對照組無顯著性差異(P0.005);實驗組胃蛋白酶較對照組無顯著性差異,腸蛋白酶為1723.51±255.35 U/gprot,顯著低于對照組;實驗組粗蛋白含量顯著高于對照組,實驗組的粗脂肪、灰分含量較對照組無顯著性差異。3.不同C/N條件下生物絮凝水處理效果研究試驗研究了不同C/N條件下生物絮凝游離菌群和絮體菌群的水處理效果。試驗發(fā)現(xiàn),當C/N為8、12、16時,生物絮凝游離菌群和絮體菌群在12 h內(nèi)有效去除氨氮,12 h后游離菌群組的氨氮會逐漸升高,絮體菌群組氨氮保持較低含量;當C/N為0、4時,游離菌群組的氨氮最大去除率分別為37.75±7.10%、53.07±2.35%,試驗期間,絮體菌的氨氮逐漸降低;
[Abstract]:At present, the research on biological flocculation is mainly environmental factors, carbon sources, and the influence on the breeding objects. The influence of C/N on biological flocculation has been studied much. Different carbon sources and C/N have great influence on biological flocculation, and higher requirements for the stability and controllability of biological flocculation culture system are put forward. The main research object of biological flocculation technology in aquaculture is fish and shrimp aquatic animals with filter feeding. As a kind of carnivorous fish with rich nutrition and high economic value, the flower eel has high research value. In this paper, the biological flocculation technology is applied to the culture of Anguilla japonica, and the mature biological flocculation is studied. The effects of the system zero carbon source on the culture effect of Anguilla anguilla and the effect of biological floc on the culture effect of a part of the eel on the culture of Anguilla japonica. The experimental contents were divided into three parts: 1. the effects of biological flocculation culture model on the culture effect of Anguilla anguilla. The growth performance, body composition and elimination of the biological flocculation and breeding model on the flower eel were studied. The effects of chemical enzyme and blood index were 60 days. This experiment set up the circulation water culture model as the control group and the biological flocculation culture mode as the experimental group. Each group set up three parallel cylinders. The culture density of each cylinder was 10 kg/m3. eel's initial weight of 393.59 + 11.83 g., and the experimental group was in the water. The contents of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite (NO2--N) and nitrate (NO3--N) were significantly higher than those of the control group, which were 1.12 + 0.2 mg/L, 0.16 + 0.05 mg/L and 228.44 + 28.48 mg/L respectively. The nitrate nitrogen was increased continuously during the experiment. The final density (FD), weight gain (WGR), specific growth rate (SCR) and feed coefficient (FCR) of the experimental group and the control group were increased at the end of the experiment. The difference (P0.05). The liver Superoxidase dismutase (T-SOD) in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at sixtieth days. There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. The serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the triglyceride (ALT), the triglyceride (TG), the blood glucose (GLU) and the total protein (TP) were not significantly different in the experimental group. The pepsin of the experimental group and the control group was all in the experimental group. There was no significant difference between the control group and the control group. There was no significant difference in the activity of intestinal protease from the control group in the experimental group. The effects of the bio floc on the culture effect of the flower eel were not significantly different from the control group. The biological floc cultured from the feces of the flower eel was added to the feed, and the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzymes and non specific immune aspects of the flower eel were studied in the.2. feed. The test period was 60 days. The test was divided into two groups (the control group) and the biological floc mixed feed group (experimental group). Each group set up three parallel cylinders. The initial weight of each cylinder was 12.03 + 0.23 kg/m3., and the initial weight of Anguilla japonica was 400.96 + 6.84 g. test. The test group was significantly lower than the experimental group. In the control group (P0.05), the weight gain rate of the Anguilla japonica was 2.19 + 1.06% in the experimental group, which was lower than the control group (P0.05). The weight gain rate of the experimental group was not significantly different from the control group (P0.005). The pepsin in the experimental group had no significant difference compared with the control group, and the intestinal protease was 1723.51 + 255.35 U/gprot, significantly lower than the control group; the crude protein in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. The content of the crude fat and ash content in the experimental group had no significant difference compared with the control group. The effect of biological flocculation water treatment under different C/N conditions was studied under different C/N conditions. The effect of biological flocculation free flora and floc bacteria group under different C/N conditions was studied. The experiment found that when C/N was 8,12,16, biological flocculation of free flora and free bacteria group were found. The ammonia nitrogen in the floc group was effectively removed in 12 h, and the ammonia nitrogen in the free bacteria group increased gradually after 12 h, and the ammonia nitrogen of the floc group kept a low content. When C/N was 0,4, the maximum removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in the free bacteria group was 37.75 + 7.10% and 53.07 + 2.35%, and the ammonia nitrogen of the floc bacteria gradually decreased during the test.
【學位授予單位】：上海海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S965.223

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