【摘要】：磷是植物生長需要的大量的營養(yǎng)元素之一,磷在作物生長發(fā)育中具有重要的作用,土壤中磷的量充足與否決定了作物的產(chǎn)量與品質(zhì)。植物本身在缺磷環(huán)境下所表現(xiàn)出的耐受性是不同的,燕麥?zhǔn)呛瘫究蒲帑湆僖荒晟荼局参?是內(nèi)蒙古的優(yōu)勢特色作物在內(nèi)蒙古西部區(qū)種植面積較大。內(nèi)蒙古的燕麥主要生產(chǎn)區(qū)大多數(shù)土壤為石灰性土壤,施入土壤中的化學(xué)磷肥極易被固定,土壤.中磷元素的利用效率相對很低。本研究選擇燕麥磷高效基因型V7和磷低效品種60,通過根箱、水培試驗(yàn)研究了低磷脅迫下不同磷效率燕麥品種根系分泌物的差異,主要結(jié)論如下:1.磷吸收利用能力:在低磷水平下根際土和非根際土磷高效品種V7的生物量和植株含磷量較高磷水平下增加顯著;磷高效品種V7ph值和酸性磷酸酶活性顯著高于磷低效品種60;兩個品種的土壤磷分級差異性顯著。2.根系分泌的質(zhì)子:低磷水平下,燕麥磷低效品種60根系分泌的質(zhì)子的量比燕麥磷高效品種V7根系分泌的少,說明磷高效品種品種V7酸化根際土壤的能力要強(qiáng)于磷低效效品種品種60。3.根系分泌的有機(jī)酸:高磷水平和低磷水平下磷高效品種V7比磷低效基因60分泌的有機(jī)酸要多。且有機(jī)酸的總量和除玻珀酸外的其他有機(jī)酸的分泌量磷高效品種V7都要比磷低效品種60根系分泌的多。表明磷高效品種V7能夠更好的活化土壤當(dāng)中的難溶性無機(jī)磷并能更好的利用土壤當(dāng)中的難溶性無機(jī)磷。4.酸性磷酸酶活性:低磷水平下,磷高效品種V7根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶活性顯著高于磷低效品種60;磷高效品種V7下部葉分泌的酸性磷酸酶活性顯著高于磷低效品種60。表明土壤中的有機(jī)磷更多的能被磷高效品種V7礦化和水解,因此磷高效品種V7吸收利用土壤有機(jī)磷的能力較強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:Phosphorus is one of the large number of nutrient elements needed for plant growth. Phosphorus plays an important role in the growth and development of crops. The amount of phosphorus in the soil determines the yield and quality of the crop. The tolerance of plant itself in the environment of phosphorus deficiency is different. Oat is an annual herbaceous plant of gramineous oat, it is Inner Mongolia. The dominant crops are planted in the western Inner Mongolia area. Most of the main producing areas in Inner Mongolia are calcareous soil, and the chemical phosphate fertilizer applied into the soil is very easy to be fixed, and the utilization efficiency of the phosphorus elements is relatively low. This study selected the high efficiency of oat phosphorus V7 and phosphorus low efficiency varieties 60, through the root box, hydroponic culture. The difference between the root exudates of oat varieties with different phosphorus efficiency under low phosphorus stress was studied. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. phosphorus absorption and utilization ability: the biomass and plant phosphorus content of V7 in rhizosphere soil and non rhizosphere soil increased significantly under low phosphorus level, and the V7ph value and acid phosphatase activity of high phosphorus highly efficient varieties were significant. Higher than phosphorus low efficiency varieties 60, two varieties of soil phosphorus classification difference significant.2. root secreted protons: low phosphorus level, oat phosphorus low yield 60 root exudation of the proton amount is less than the oat high-efficiency variety V7 root secretion less, indicating that the phosphorus efficient variety V7 acidified rhizosphere soil ability is stronger than the phosphorus low efficiency variety 60.3. The organic acids secreted by the root system: high phosphorus level and low phosphorus level V7 are more secreted than phosphorus inefficient gene 60, and the total amount of organic acids and other organic acids except for the other organic acids, except for the V7, are more secreted than the 60 root of the low phosphorus species. It is shown that V7 can better activate the soil. The insoluble inorganic phosphorus in the soil can make better use of the.4. acid phosphatase activity of the insoluble inorganic phosphorus in the soil: under the low phosphorus level, the acid phosphatase activity in the root of the V7 root is significantly higher than that of the low phosphorus species 60, and the acid phosphatase activity secreted in the lower leaf of the high phosphorus V7 is significantly higher than that of the low phosphorus species 60.. Organic phosphorus in soil can be more mineralized and hydrolyzed by phosphorus efficient variety V7. Therefore, phosphorus efficient cultivar V7 has stronger ability to absorb and utilize soil organic phosphorus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S512.6

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