【摘要】：黑腐果膠桿菌(Pectobacterium atrosepticum,Pba)通過產(chǎn)生大量果膠酶來降解馬鈴薯組織細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞壁果膠成分,破壞細(xì)胞組織,造成馬鈴薯植株莖部變黑腐爛,塊莖發(fā)生軟腐。目前,針對由Pba導(dǎo)致的馬鈴薯黑脛病仍缺乏有效的防治辦法。噬菌體是感染細(xì)菌、真菌、放線菌等微生物的病毒,其中烈性噬菌體導(dǎo)致宿主菌細(xì)胞裂解,可用于植物病害的防治。從土壤和水樣中分離獲得7株烈性噬菌體。噬菌體表征結(jié)果表明,噬菌斑直徑1.5-2 mm,最佳感染復(fù)數(shù)0.000001-0.01。吸附時間6-30 min,潛伏時間15-40 min,裂解時間40-80 min。篩選出吸附、潛伏時間短,而裂解時間長的3株噬菌體P-Pba-1、P-Pba-2和P-Pba-7。電鏡結(jié)果表明這3株噬菌體均為無尾噬菌體,頭部直徑30-80 nm。選擇 P-Pba-1 作為單一制劑 G1,P-Pba-1、P-Pba-2、P-Pba-7 的混合物作為混合制劑G2,在田間網(wǎng)室進(jìn)行馬鈴薯黑脛病防治試驗(yàn),試驗(yàn)包括治療組(先注射病原菌后噴灑噬菌體)和預(yù)防組(先噴灑噬菌體后注射病原菌)。治療組結(jié)果表明,G1處理組的馬鈴薯植株存活率40-100%,其中處理組G1-A4治療效果最好,植株存活率為100%;G2處理組的馬鈴薯植株存活率60-90%,其中處理組G2-A3治療效果最好,植株存活率為90%。預(yù)防組結(jié)果表明,G1處理組的馬鈴薯植株存活率60-100%,其中處理組G1-B1和G1-B2預(yù)防效果最好,植株存活率為100%;G2處理組的馬鈴薯植株存活率80-100%,其中處理組G2-B1和G2-B2預(yù)防效果最好,植株存活率為100%。以上結(jié)果表明,噬菌體對馬鈴薯黑脛病有防治效果,可進(jìn)一步開發(fā)噬菌體制劑,用于馬鈴薯黑脛病的防治。
[Abstract]:Pectobacterium atrosepticum PBA produces a large amount of Pectinase to degrade the cell wall pectin components of potato tissue cells, destroy the cell tissue, cause black rot in the stems of potato plants and soft rot in tubers. At present, there is still a lack of effective control methods for potato black shank caused by PBA. Bacteriophage is a virus that infects bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and other microbes, among which strong bacteriophage causes cell lysis of host bacteria, which can be used to prevent and cure plant diseases. Seven strong bacteriophages were isolated from soil and water samples. Bacteriophage characterization showed that the diameter of plaque was 1.5-2 mm, and the optimum number of infection was 0.000001-0.01. The adsorption time is 6-30 min, the latent time is 15-40 min, and the pyrolysis time is 40-80 min. Three phage strains, P-Pba-1, P-Pba-2 and P-Pba-7, with short latent time and long cleavage time, were screened out. The results of electron microscope showed that the three strains were all tail-free bacteriophages with a head diameter of 30-80 nm. P-Pba-1 was selected as the mixture of P-Pba-1, P-Pba-2, P-Pba-7, as the mixture of G2, and the control experiment of potato black shank was carried out in the field net room. The test included treatment group (first inoculation of pathogen and then spraying bacteriophage) and prevention group (first spraying bacteriophage and then injecting pathogen). The results of treatment group showed that the survival rate of potato in treatment group was 40-100, among which the treatment group G1-A4 had the best therapeutic effect, the survival rate of treatment group was 60-90g and the survival rate of treatment group was 60-90g, and the treatment group G2-A3 was the best, and the survival rate of plant was 90g. The results of the prevention group showed that the survival rate of potato plants in the treatment group was 60-100, and that in the treatment group G1-B1 and G1-B2 was the best, the survival rate of the treated group was 80-100 in the treatment group of 100g _ 2, and the preventive effect of G2-B1 and G2-B2 in the treatment group was the best. The plant survival rate was 100%. The results showed that phage could control potato black shank disease and could be used to control potato black shank disease.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S435.32

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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