本文選題：圓草捆打捆機(jī) + 喂料裝置��； 參考：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：喂料裝置是鋼棍式圓捆機(jī)的關(guān)鍵部件之一,主要作用是將撿拾器撿拾的秸稈或牧草等物料強(qiáng)制拋入成捆室,其喂入性能的優(yōu)劣直接影響到圓捆機(jī)工作效率和草捆密度,在喂入量突變或大喂入量情況下喂料裝置容易堵塞。因此,研究圓捆機(jī)喂料口開度自動(dòng)控制技術(shù),主動(dòng)控制喂料口開度以防止喂料刀輥堵塞,對(duì)提高圓捆機(jī)的工作效率和可靠性有著重要的理論研究意義和實(shí)用價(jià)值。本文以9YGQ-1300圓捆機(jī)為研究對(duì)象,在分析喂料裝置動(dòng)力學(xué)特性和疲勞強(qiáng)度的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了喂料口開度自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),主要研究工作包括:1、喂料過程動(dòng)力學(xué)特性與疲勞強(qiáng)度分析:分析了圓捆機(jī)喂料裝置結(jié)構(gòu)及工作過程,基于EDEM軟件對(duì)圓捆機(jī)的喂料過程進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)分析,得到喂入量、喂料口開度、物料剪切模量與長(zhǎng)度對(duì)下顎板支撐油缸活塞桿受力和喂料刀輥扭矩的影響,分析了油缸活塞桿受力和喂料刀輥扭矩之間的關(guān)系。將EDEM仿真獲得的刀輥扭矩和下顎板受力作為載荷,基于ANSYS軟件對(duì)喂料裝置進(jìn)行疲勞強(qiáng)度分析,得到保證喂料裝置安全的油缸活塞桿受力許用范圍,為確定支撐油缸活塞桿受力的控制范圍提供依據(jù)。2、喂料口開度液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)與監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)采集:分析了圓捆機(jī)喂料口開度被動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)的下顎板支撐油路,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行改造;選型安裝了下顎板支撐油缸位移、油壓和刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器,設(shè)計(jì)了以STM32單片機(jī)為核心的硬件電路,編寫了油缸位移、油壓和刀輥轉(zhuǎn)速采集程序。經(jīng)測(cè)試該系統(tǒng)能控制下顎板支撐油缸動(dòng)作,表明油路改造達(dá)到了控制的要求,并能連續(xù)采集數(shù)據(jù),可為喂料口開度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)提供監(jiān)測(cè)信號(hào)。3、喂料口開度自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)的模糊控制器設(shè)計(jì):結(jié)合試驗(yàn)和喂料動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真結(jié)果,以下顎板支撐油缸活塞桿的受力及其變化率作為模糊控制器的輸入量,以活塞桿位置為輸出量,將輸入量劃分為7個(gè)模糊等級(jí),輸出量劃分為5個(gè)模糊等級(jí),根據(jù)實(shí)際工況特點(diǎn)制定模糊控制規(guī)則表。設(shè)計(jì)的模糊控制器,可根據(jù)輸入量得到不同等級(jí)的模糊輸出量,依據(jù)該輸出量對(duì)應(yīng)的油缸位置,通過電磁換向閥通斷使油缸的活塞桿移動(dòng)到相應(yīng)位置,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)喂料口開度大小的自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)。4、喂料裝置負(fù)載特性測(cè)試與喂料口開度自動(dòng)控制試驗(yàn):在空載工況下對(duì)喂料裝置負(fù)載特性進(jìn)行測(cè)試與分析,獲得了油缸位移和油壓隨喂入量的變化情況,發(fā)現(xiàn)原喂料裝置存在發(fā)生堵塞的隱患。通過場(chǎng)地?fù)焓霸囼?yàn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明設(shè)計(jì)的模糊控制器能隨喂入量變化主動(dòng)控制油缸伸縮,未發(fā)生喂料堵塞故障,喂料口自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)達(dá)到了預(yù)期要求。
[Abstract]:The feeding device is one of the key parts of the steel bar round baler. The main function of the device is to force the materials such as straw or forage picked up by the picker into the bundle room. The feeding performance directly affects the working efficiency and the density of the binder. In the case of sudden or large feeding rate, the feeding device is easily blocked. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study the automatic control technology of feed opening of round baler and actively control feed opening to prevent the clogging of feed cutter roll in order to improve the working efficiency and reliability of circular baler. This paper takes 9YGQ-1300 round baler as the research object, on the basis of analyzing the dynamic characteristics and fatigue strength of feeding device, the automatic control system of feed opening degree is designed. The main research work includes: 1, dynamic characteristics of feeding process and fatigue strength analysis: the structure and working process of feeding device of circular baler are analyzed, and the feeding process of circular baler is analyzed based on EDEM software, and the feed quantity is obtained. The influence of feed opening, shearing modulus and length of material on the force of piston rod of jaw plate supporting cylinder and the torque of feed cutter roll are analyzed. The relationship between piston rod force and feed tool roll torque is analyzed. Taking the torque of the cutter roller and the force on the jaw plate obtained by EDEM simulation as the load, the fatigue strength of the feeding device is analyzed based on ANSYS software, and the allowable range of the piston rod force on the cylinder to ensure the safety of the feeding device is obtained. In order to provide the basis for determining the control range of bearing force on piston rod of supporting cylinder, the hydraulic system of feed opening and monitoring data acquisition are designed: the supporting oil circuit of jaw plate which is passively adjusted for feed opening of round baler is analyzed and reformed; The displacement of oil cylinder, the oil pressure and the speed of cutter roll are selected and installed. The hardware circuit based on STM32 single chip computer is designed, and the acquisition program of displacement of oil cylinder, oil pressure and rotational speed of cutter roller is compiled. After testing, the system can control the movement of the jawboard supporting cylinder, which shows that the oil circuit reconstruction meets the control requirements, and the data can be collected continuously. It can provide monitoring signal .3for automatic adjustment of feed opening, design of fuzzy controller for automatic adjustment of feed opening: combined with test and feed dynamics simulation results, Taking the force and change rate of the piston rod supported by the jaw plate as the input quantity of the fuzzy controller, taking the piston rod position as the output quantity, the input quantity is divided into 7 fuzzy grades and the output quantity is divided into five fuzzy grades. The fuzzy control rule table is established according to the characteristics of actual working conditions. The designed fuzzy controller can get the fuzzy output of different grades according to the input quantity. According to the position of the cylinder corresponding to the output quantity, the piston rod of the cylinder can be moved to the corresponding position through the opening of the electromagnetic directional valve. It can realize the automatic adjustment of feed opening. 4. The load characteristic test of feeding device and the automatic control test of feed opening. The load characteristic of feeding device is tested and analyzed under the condition of no-load. The variation of cylinder displacement and oil pressure with the feed rate was obtained, and the hidden trouble of clogging was found in the original feeding device. The results show that the fuzzy controller can actively control the expansion and expansion of the cylinder with the change of the feed rate, and no feeding blockage occurs, and the automatic control system of the feed port meets the expected requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S225

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本文編號(hào)：2014286