本文選題：棗林 + 間作�。� 參考：《塔里木大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：新疆雖然占國(guó)土面積較大,但是人均可耕地面積少,水資源緊缺,天然草場(chǎng)放牧壓力大,飼草料不足和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值低嚴(yán)重影響畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展,因此,本試驗(yàn)開(kāi)展林下間作牧草,解決飼草料短缺和品質(zhì)差等問(wèn)題,在新疆阿克蘇地區(qū)棗林下種植衡谷13(Setaria italica)、汾綠肥豆2號(hào)(Glycine max)、黃花草木樨(Melilotus officinalis)和四個(gè)紫花苜蓿(Madicago sativa)品種,通過(guò)對(duì)牧草種子耐鹽性、林下牧草生產(chǎn)性能、營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值和光合作用、對(duì)土壤理化性質(zhì)測(cè)定以及對(duì)棗林產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響,篩選出適宜阿克蘇地區(qū)棗林間作的牧草品種。研究結(jié)果如下:(1)耐鹽能力測(cè)定,HM1和HM2隨復(fù)鹽濃度增加先升高后降低,在0.3%復(fù)鹽濃度下HM1、HM2和汾綠肥豆2號(hào)發(fā)芽率最高,其他5個(gè)品種隨復(fù)鹽濃度增加而降低。汾綠肥豆2號(hào)耐鹽性最好,其次是HM2HM1HM3HM4衡谷13草木樨。(2)對(duì)牧草生產(chǎn)潛力和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值測(cè)定,苜蓿凈光合速率HM2HM1HM4HM3。干草產(chǎn)量衡谷13號(hào)為1020.51kg·667m-2,汾綠肥豆2號(hào)為663.07kg·667m-2,HM2、HM1、HM3、HM4,草木樨干草產(chǎn)量由高到低平均分別為:963.84 kg·667m-2、881.02 kg·667m-2、786.51 kg·667m-2、773.56 kg·667m-2,737.65kg·667m-2。豆科牧草蛋白含量在18.08%~12.47%,禾本科為7.25%,相對(duì)飼喂價(jià)值豆科牧草在155.30~142.95,禾本科為92.48。綜合分析產(chǎn)量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分HM1HM2HM3HM4草木樨衡谷13汾綠肥豆2號(hào)。(3)棗林下間作牧草對(duì)土壤理化性質(zhì)有改善作用,牧草可降低土壤p H(p0.05)。草木樨和HM1土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量比對(duì)照提高了83.43%、86.26%,0~20cm土層差異顯著(p0.05),堿解氮含量HM2、HM1、HM3、HM4比對(duì)照提高了96.54%、81.64%、67.18%、26.17%。速效磷含量HM1、HM2、HM3、HM4分別比對(duì)照提高了109.66%、93.42%、89.75%、42.31%。速效鉀含量HM1、HM2分別比對(duì)照提高了5.93%、3.79%。綜合分析改良土壤肥力HM1HM2HM3HM4草木樨汾綠肥豆2號(hào)衡谷13。(4)對(duì)棗林經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)量和果品測(cè)定,種植紫花苜蓿HM1和HM2紅棗產(chǎn)量比棗林單作分別提高了5.97%、4.28%,HM3總糖含量46.66ug·ml-1,總酸含量0.45%,分別比純棗林提高19.37%、11%。綜合分析HM3改善紅棗口感最佳,其次是HM2HM1HM4草木樨。棗林間作HM1和HM2凈利潤(rùn)分別提高了5.98%和4.28%,其次是HM3HM4汾綠肥豆2號(hào)草木樨衡谷13。綜合分析推薦林下種植品種為HM1。
[Abstract]:Although Xinjiang occupies a large area of land, per capita arable land area is small, water resources are scarce, grazing pressure on natural pasture is high, forage shortage and low nutritional value seriously affect the development of animal husbandry. In order to solve the problem of forage shortage and poor quality, under jujube forest in Aksu area, Xinjiang, we planted Heng Gu 13 Setaria italicaer, Fen Green manure Bean 2 Glycine maxia, Melilotus officinalis) and four Alfalfa varieties Madicago sativa. The forage varieties suitable for the intercropping of jujube forests in Aksu area were screened out, including their production performance, nutritional value and photosynthesis, the determination of soil physical and chemical properties and the effects on the yield and quality of jujube forest. The results were as follows: (1) the salt tolerance ability of HM1 and HM2 increased first and then decreased with the increase of salt concentration. The germination rates of HM1HM2 and Fen Mudou Dou 2 were the highest at the concentration of 0.3% double salt, while the other five varieties decreased with the increase of double salt concentration. Fen mung manure bean 2 had the best salt tolerance, followed by HM2HM1HM3HM4, HM2HM1HM3HM4) for the determination of forage productivity and nutritional value, and the net photosynthetic rate of alfalfa HM2HM1HM4HM3. Hanggu 13 was 1020.51kg 667m-2, Fen Mudou 2 was 663.07kg 667m-2HM2HM1HM3HM3HM4. The average yield of sweet clover from high to low was 1 963.84 kg 667m-2881.02 kg 667m-2786.51 kg 667m-2773.56 kg 667m-2737.65kg 667m-2. The protein content of leguminous forage grass is 18.08 and 7.25 respectively. The relative feeding value of leguminous forage is 155.300.142.95 and that of gramineous is 92.48. Comprehensive analysis of yield and nutrition components HM1HM2HM3HM4 Sweet clover Heng Heng 13 Fen Green manure Dou No. 2. 3) the intercropping forage under jujube forest can improve the soil physical and chemical properties, and the forage grass can reduce the soil pH 0.05. The content of organic matter in soil of sweet clover and HM1 was 83.43 and 86.260.The difference of soil organic matter was significant (p 0.05), and the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen (HM2 + HM1, HM3HM4) was 96.54A81.64HM3HM4 higher than that of the control. The content of available phosphorus, HM1, HM2HM3, HM4, increased 109.66, 93.42, 89.75, 42.31, respectively, compared with the control. The available potassium content of HM1 + HM2 was 5.93% and 3.79% higher than that of the control, respectively. The effects of improved soil fertility HM1HM2HM3HM4 on economic yield and fruit of jujube forest were analyzed. The yield of alfalfa HM1 and HM2 red jujube increased 5.97% than that of jujube forest alone. The total sugar content of HM3 and total acid content of HM1 and HM2 were increased by 5.97% and 0.45%, respectively, and the total sugar content and total acid content of HM1 and HM2 jujube were increased by 19.3737 and 11%, respectively, compared with that of jujube forest. Comprehensive analysis showed that HM3 improved jujube taste best, followed by HM2HM1HM4. The net profit of HM1 and HM2 increased by 5.98% and 4.28% respectively, followed by HM3HM4 fen mung manure No. 2 sweet clover. Comprehensive analysis suggested that HM1 was recommended under the forest.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：塔里木大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S54;S665.1

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