本文選題：尾巨桉 + 除草劑�。� 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：桉樹是廣西主要人工林樹種,種植面積居全國首位。在桉樹生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營中,幼林人工撫育是一項繁重的工作。應(yīng)用化學(xué)除草劑除草具有省工、省時、投入少、收益大等諸多優(yōu)點,但是在除草劑的噴施過程中,漂移、飛濺的霧滴不可避免地要接觸到苗木,使非目的樹種受藥害。本研究通過模擬除草劑噴施應(yīng)用實踐中產(chǎn)生的除草劑漂移、飛濺量,研究除草劑草舒對桉樹幼苗生長指標(biāo)和生理指標(biāo)的影響,為桉樹林地科學(xué)使用除草劑、完善桉樹化學(xué)除草技術(shù)提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.不同濃度(0.046%～0.32%)的除草劑草舒處理均對尾巨桉幼苗產(chǎn)生藥害,藥害等級和藥害指數(shù)均隨著除草劑草舒濃度的增加而不斷升高。2.草舒對尾巨桉幼苗的高生長和根系生長有顯著的抑制作用。具體表現(xiàn)為抑制尾巨桉幼苗根系的伸長生長和抑制根系表面積和體積的增加。噴施草舒后,尾巨桉幼苗的根尖數(shù)明顯減少。3.草舒處理降低尾巨桉幼苗的生物量和含水量。隨著草舒處理濃度的升高,尾巨桉幼苗根、莖、葉的生物量和含水量均出現(xiàn)下降的趨勢。其中,尾巨桉幼苗葉片含水量的降低達(dá)到顯著水平(P0.05)。4.草舒處理降低尾巨桉幼苗葉綠素含量,抑制光合作用的進(jìn)行。隨著草舒處理濃度的升高,幼苗凈光合速率和蒸騰速率明顯下降,而胞間C02濃度明顯升高,光合作用C02同化明顯受阻。5.草舒處理后巨桉幼苗的可溶性糖含量顯著高于對照(P0.05),可溶性糖含量隨著草舒處理濃度的增加呈現(xiàn)先升高后降低的趨勢。尾巨桉幼苗可溶性蛋白含量也隨著草舒處理濃度的增加而升高,其中,經(jīng)過稀釋300倍和稀釋100倍的中高濃度草舒處理后巨桉幼苗的可溶性蛋白含量顯著高于對照(P0.05)。6.尾巨桉幼苗的細(xì)胞膜透性和丙二醛含量隨著草舒處理濃度的增加而升高。草舒處理后尾巨桉幼苗的細(xì)胞膜透性顯著高于對照(P0.05)。7.草舒處理對尾巨桉幼苗保護酶活性有顯著的影響,酶活性均呈現(xiàn)出先顯著升高后顯著降低的變化趨勢。其中,稀釋700倍濃度的低濃度草舒處理的POD、SOD和CAT等保護酶活性顯著高于對照(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:Eucalyptus is the main artificial forest species in Guangxi, and its planting area ranks first in China. In the production and management of eucalyptus, artificial tending of young forest is a heavy work. The application of chemical herbicide herbicides has many advantages, such as saving labor, saving time, less investment, large profit and so on. However, in the spraying process of herbicide, drifts and spattering droplets will inevitably come into contact with seedlings, and the non-target species will be harmed by medicine. In this study, the effects of herbicide on the growth index and physiological index of eucalyptus seedlings were studied by simulating the herbicide drift and spatter produced in the practice of herbicide spraying, and the herbicide was used scientifically in eucalyptus forest land. To improve the chemical herbicide technology of eucalyptus to provide scientific basis. The main results are as follows: 1. The herbicide Caoshu with different concentrations (0.046 and 0.32) all caused damage to the seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis, and the damage grade and index increased with the increase of the concentration of herbicide Caoshu. Saoshu had a significant inhibitory effect on the height growth and root growth of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings. The results showed that the growth of root system and the increase of root surface area and volume of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings were inhibited. The number of root tips of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings decreased significantly. The biomass and water content of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings were decreased by the treatment of Zaoshu. The biomass and water content of root, stem and leaf of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings decreased with the increase of the concentration. Among them, the decrease of water content in leaves of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings reached the significant level of P0.050.4. Chlorophyll content of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings was decreased and photosynthesis was inhibited by Caoshu treatment. The net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of seedlings decreased obviously with the increase of the concentration of Caoshu, while the concentration of C02 in the intercellular increased obviously, and the assimilation of photosynthesis CO2 was obviously blocked. 5. The soluble sugar content of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings was significantly higher than that of the control (P0.05N), and the content of soluble sugar increased first and then decreased with the increase of the concentration. The soluble protein content of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings also increased with the increase of the concentration of Herba Shu, and the soluble protein content of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings treated with 300 times dilution and 100 times dilution was significantly higher than that of the control. The cell membrane permeability and malondialdehyde content of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings increased with the increase of the treatment concentration. The cell membrane permeability of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings treated with Caoshu was significantly higher than that of the control. The protective enzyme activity of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings was significantly affected by Caoshu treatment. Among them, the activities of POD SOD and CAT in low concentration Caoshu treated by diluting 700 times concentration were significantly higher than those of the control P0.05.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S792.39;S765

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