本文選題：施肥 + 農(nóng)藝性狀　； 參考：《河南科技學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我們通過多年的大田試驗,選育出適合當(dāng)?shù)胤N植生產(chǎn)的藥、油、菜以及觀賞兼用的高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)大果紅花新品系BH-1,為河南省紅花產(chǎn)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)提供了良好的品種基礎(chǔ)。本論文主要研究了N、NP、NK、NPK、復(fù)合肥及空白對照六種不同肥料配比分不同批次雙因素隨機區(qū)組施肥實驗對大果紅花新品系BH-1的生物學(xué)特性、花的產(chǎn)量、花中黃酮和多糖含量、種子產(chǎn)量、種子黃酮和多糖含量的影響及行距為15cm×30cm、15cm×35cm、15cm×40cm、15cm×45cm、15cm×50cm、寬窄行六個不同密度實驗對大果紅花新品系BH-1的生物學(xué)特性、花的產(chǎn)量、花中黃酮和多糖含量、種子產(chǎn)量、種子黃酮和多糖含量的影響。篩選出大果紅花新品系BH-1施肥和密度的最優(yōu)栽培措施,節(jié)省資源和勞動力,減少營養(yǎng)隨水土流失造成的資源浪費,也避免了過量施肥而造成土壤板結(jié),破壞土壤結(jié)構(gòu)從而影響其它作物生長,改進和完善本地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)紅花栽培模式。本實驗得到以下結(jié)論:(1)雙因素隨機區(qū)組實驗對新品系大果紅花BH-1農(nóng)藝性狀的影響:N肥分次施入時氮素吸收利用率高,株高和主徑高,三次施N肥二次次施N肥一次施N肥成正比。各處理對分支夾角的影響不大,相互間無顯著性差異。三次施復(fù)合肥、NPK肥、NP肥、NK肥明顯增加有效果球數(shù),且三次施復(fù)合肥三次施NPK肥三次施NK肥三次施NP肥。三次施復(fù)合肥對總果球數(shù)、有效果球數(shù)、一級分支、二級分支數(shù)影響最大,三次施NPK肥對果球直徑和單果籽粒數(shù)的影響比較大,三次施NPK肥三次施復(fù)合肥三次施NP肥三次施NK肥三次施N肥,除三次施N肥外,各處理間差異不顯著。(2)施肥對新品系大果紅花BH-1花和種子產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)的影響:三次施復(fù)合肥對花和種子的產(chǎn)量影響最大,三次施NPK肥對花和種子的產(chǎn)量影響僅次于三次施復(fù)合肥,二者沒有顯著性差異。三次施NPK肥與其它處理間相比有顯著性差異(P0.05)。三次施NPK肥對花和種子中黃酮、多糖含量影響最大,三次施復(fù)合肥、三次施NP肥、二次施復(fù)合肥對花和種子中黃酮、多糖含量有明顯促進作用,且三次施NPK肥三次施復(fù)合肥三次施NP肥二次施復(fù)合肥。三次施復(fù)合肥與三次施NPK肥相比無顯著性差異,三次施NPK肥與一次施肥、二次施肥、三次施NK肥、三次施NP肥、三次施N肥相比有顯著性差異(P0.05)。(3)密度單因素隨機區(qū)組實驗對新品系大果紅花BH-1的影響:密度對紅花的農(nóng)藝性狀有一定的影響,其中株高和主莖高隨著密度的先減小后增大。15cm×35cm株高和主莖高均為最小值,與其它處理間相比無顯著差異。15cm×50cm農(nóng)藝性狀單株總果球數(shù)、分枝與主莖夾角、一級分枝數(shù)、有效果球數(shù)、果球直徑、單果球籽粒數(shù)均為最大值,15cm×45cm、15cm×40cm相比差異不顯著。與寬窄行15×20+15×50、15cm×30cm相比有顯著差異。15cm×30cm農(nóng)藝性狀單株總果球數(shù)、分枝與主莖夾角、一級分枝數(shù)、有效果球數(shù)、果球直徑、單果球籽粒數(shù)均為最小值,與其它處理間相比有顯著差異。(4)密度單因素隨機區(qū)組實驗對新品系大果紅花BH-1經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)的影響:新品系大果紅花BH-1花和種子的產(chǎn)量均為寬窄行15×20+15×5015cm×40cm15cm×35cm15cm×45cm15cm×30cm15cm×40cm。寬窄行15×20+15×50與15cm×40cm大果紅花BH-1花和種子的產(chǎn)量沒有顯著差異,但15cm×40cm與其它處理間有顯著差異。15cm×50cm測得花和種子畝產(chǎn)最小,與其它處理間有顯著差異。新品系大果紅花BH-1花和種子中黃酮、多糖含量15cm×50m寬窄行15×20+15×5015cm×45cm15cm×40cm15cm×35cm15cm×30cm。15cm×50cm與寬窄行15×20+15×50比較無顯著差異。T1中新品系大果紅花BH-1花和種子中黃酮含量最小,與其它處理相比在5%顯著水平有顯著差異(p0.05),在1%極顯著水平有顯著差異(p0.01)。
[Abstract]:Through years of field experiments, we have bred a new high yield and high quality and high quality fruit safflower line BH-1 suitable for local planting and production of medicine, oil, vegetable and ornamental, which provides a good variety basis for the industrial production of red flower in Henan province. This paper mainly studies the difference of the ratio of six different kinds of fertilizer with N, NP, NK, NPK, compound fertilizer and blank control. The biological characteristics, the yield of flower, the content of flavone and polysaccharide in the flower, the seed yield, the content of flavonoids and polysaccharides in the flower, the influence of the content of flavonoids and polysaccharides in the flower, the content of flavonoids and polysaccharides in the flower, and the row spacing of BH-1, 15cm * 35cm, 15cm x 40cm, 15cm * 45cm, 15cm x 50cm, six different density experiments on big fruit safflower. The effects of the biological characteristics of BH-1, the yield of flowers, the content of flavonoids and polysaccharides in the flowers, the yield of seed, the content of flavonoids and polysaccharides in the seed, screening out the best cultivation measures of BH-1 fertilization and density, saving the resources and labor, reducing the waste of the resources made by the soil erosion and avoiding the excessive fertilization. The soil structure could destroy the soil structure and influence the growth of other crops, improve and improve the traditional culture pattern of the red flower in the region. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) the effect of the double factor randomized block experiment on the agronomic characters of the new strain BH-1: high nitrogen absorption and utilization, height and main diameter of N fertilizer, two times N fertilizer application The secondary application of N fertilizer was proportional to the application of N fertilizer once. The effect of each treatment on the angle of the branch was not significant, and there was no significant difference between each other. Three times of fertilizer application in Hefei, NPK fertilizer, NP fertilizer, NK fertilizer obviously increased the number of effective balls, and three fertilizer applied fertilizer three times NPK fertilizer for three times the three application of NP fertilizer. Three times the total fruit ball number, the effect ball number, the first-order branch, two. The number of grade branches had the greatest influence. The effect of three application of NPK fertilizer on the diameter of fruit ball and the number of single fruit grains was larger, three fertilizer application fertilizer three fertilizer application fertilizer three times NP fertilizer three application NK fertilizer three N fertilizer, except three times N fertilizer, there was no significant difference between each treatment. (2) fertilization on the yield and quality of the new strain of safflower BH-1 and seed and quality, three times application The effect of compound fertilizer on the yield of flowers and seeds was the greatest. The effect of three NPK fertilizer on the yield of flowers and seeds was second to three times in Hefei. There was no significant difference between the two and the other treatments. The three application of NPK fertilizer was significantly different from other treatments (P0.05). The three application of NPK fertilizer had the greatest influence on the flavonoid content in the flowers and seeds, and the three time applied to the fertilizer application to three. Three Secondary application of NP fertilizer, two times of fertilizer application in Hefei on the flowers and seeds of flavonoids and polysaccharides significantly promoted the content of polysaccharides, and three application of NPK fertilizer three fertilizer application fertilizer three times NP fertilizer two times to apply to Hefei. Three times the application of Hefei and three times NPK fertilizer no significant difference, three application of NPK fertilizer and fertilizer, three fertilizer, three NK fertilizer, three fertilizer NP, three There were significant differences in N fertilizer (P0.05). (3) the effect of density single factor randomized block experiment on the new strain of safflower BH-1: density has a certain influence on the agronomic characters of safflower, in which the height of the plant and the height of the main stem increase with the increase of the height of.15cm x 35cm and the height of the main stem, and there is no significant difference compared with other treatments. The total fruit ball number of.15cm x 50cm agronomic traits, the angle of branch and main stem, the number of first order branches, the number of effective balls, the diameter of the fruit ball, the number of single fruit balls are the maximum, the difference of 15cm x 45cm and 15cm * 40cm is not significant. The total fruit ball number of the.15cm * 30cm agronomic traits, compared with the wide narrow row 15 * 20+15 x 50,15cm x 30cm, has the branch total fruit ball number, branch The angle of the main stem, the number of primary branches, the number of effective balls, the diameter of the fruit ball, the number of single fruit balls were the minimum, and there were significant differences compared with other treatments. (4) the effect of the experiment on the economic yield and quality of the new strain of safflower BH-1 in the new strain of the new strain: the yield of the BH-1 flowers and the seeds of the new strain of safflower was 15 x 20+1 There was no significant difference between 5 x 5015cm * 40cm15cm * 35cm15cm x 45cm15cm x 30cm15cm x 40cm. broad narrow line 15 x 20+15 x 50 and 15cm * 40cm big fruit safflower BH-1 flower and seed yield, but there was a significant difference between 15cm * 40cm and other treatments. And the flavonoid in the seed, the content of polysaccharide was 15cm x 50m 15 x 20+15 x 5015cm x 5015cm x 35cm15cm x 30cm.15cm x 50cm and the broad narrow row 15 x 20+15 x 50. There was a significant difference in the level (P0.01).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S567.219

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