本文選題：水稻土 + 硝化潛勢�。� 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)土壤硝化、反硝化過程引起的氮素?fù)p失和溫室氣體N2O排放問題是學(xué)者們一直以來關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)。鐵、錳作為土壤中性質(zhì)極為活潑的變價元素,在稻田土壤中復(fù)雜的氧化還原條件變動的情況下,以得失電子的形式參與到土壤氮轉(zhuǎn)化過程,使之與N2O排放的關(guān)系成為生物地球化學(xué)循環(huán)研究的熱點(diǎn)之一。本研究通過對湖北省主要水稻產(chǎn)區(qū)的24個不同水稻土樣本(咸寧市4個土樣:X1、X2、X3、X4,武漢市東西湖區(qū)4個土樣:W1、W2、W3、W4,天門市2個土樣:T1、T2,枝江市1個土樣:Z,鄂州市5個土樣:E1、E2、E3、E4、E5,潛江市5個土樣:Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5,華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)校園試驗(yàn)場3個土樣:H1、H2、H3)進(jìn)行了硝化潛勢、反硝化潛勢的研究,分析了不同土樣間硝化、反硝化潛勢的差異,并探討了土壤硝化、反硝化潛勢與土壤鐵錳含量及其他影響因子(土壤pH值、質(zhì)地、可溶性有機(jī)碳、有機(jī)質(zhì)、全氮、無機(jī)氮含量)的耦合關(guān)系。該研究有利于深入認(rèn)識土壤氮轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)理,揭示鐵錳含量及形態(tài)對土壤氮素循環(huán)的影響,為研究提高長江中下游平原稻田土壤氮素利用率提供理論基礎(chǔ)。該研究得出主要結(jié)論如下:(1)供試土樣間的硝化潛勢存在極顯著性差異(p0.001),24個土壤樣品凈硝化速率變化范圍為0.11~17.22 mg N kg-1 d-1。供試土壤中,pH值較高、質(zhì)地較輕的土樣(T1、T2、Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5)硝化潛勢較高一些,而pH值相對較低的土樣(X2、X3、X4、E3、E4、E5、H1),其硝化潛勢比較低。但部分(W2、W3、W4)土樣即使其pH值均在7以下,硝化潛勢卻也較高。(2)土壤硝化潛勢與土壤中無定形鐵含量呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系(p0.05),無定形鐵含量高有利于土壤硝化作用的進(jìn)行。在pH值小于6.5的土壤中,無定形鐵含量對硝化潛勢有顯著影響(p0.01),在pH值大于6.5的土壤中無定形鐵含量對硝化潛勢的影響不顯著。在質(zhì)地黏重、無定形鐵含量高的土壤中,能加速硝化過程的進(jìn)行,促使NH4+-N轉(zhuǎn)化為NO3--N。(3)供試土樣間的反硝化潛勢存在一定差異,24個土壤樣品中反硝化潛勢變化范圍為0.13 mg N kg-1 h-1~0.97 mg N kg-1 h-1。土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量較高的土樣(X2、W2、W3、E3)反硝化潛勢更高一些,而有機(jī)質(zhì)含量較低的水稻土(T2、H1、H2),其反硝化潛勢也比較低。(4)土壤中絡(luò)合鐵和無定形鐵的含量對反硝化潛勢有顯著影響,而錳的含量與反硝化潛勢之間關(guān)系不顯著。在僅考慮鐵錳對反硝化潛勢影響的前提下,絡(luò)合鐵和無定形鐵含量是影響反硝化潛勢的最主要的因子(n=24,p0.01,R2=0.454)。
[Abstract]:The nitrogen loss caused by agricultural soil nitrification and denitrification and the emission of greenhouse gas N _ 2O have been a hot topic for many scholars. Iron and manganese, as the most active variable value elements in soil, participate in the process of soil nitrogen transformation in the form of gain and loss electrons when the complex redox conditions change in paddy soil. The relationship between N2O emission and biogeochemical cycle has become one of the hotspots in biogeochemical cycle research. In this study, 24 different paddy soil samples from the main rice producing areas of Hubei Province (4 soil samples in Xianning City, 4 in X1, X2, X3, X4, 4 in Dongxihu District, Wuhan City, 4 in the Dongxi Lake District, Wuhan City, 2 soil samples in Tianmen City, 2 in T1 / T2, 1 in Zhijiang City, 1 in ZZ, 5 in Ezhou City, 5 in E1E1, E2, E3, E3, E5, respectively) were studied in this paper. The nitrification potential of 5 soil samples of Qianjiang City, 5: Q1Q2Q2Q3Q4Q5 and 3 samples of WH1H1H2H2H3), has been carried out in the campus test site of Huazhong Agricultural University. The difference of nitrification and denitrification potential among different soil samples was analyzed, and the soil nitrification, denitrification potential, soil iron and manganese content and other influencing factors (soil pH value, texture, soluble organic carbon, organic matter, soil pH value, texture, soluble organic carbon, organic matter) were discussed. The coupling relationship between total nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen content. This study is helpful to understand the mechanism of soil nitrogen transformation, to reveal the effect of iron and manganese content and form on soil nitrogen cycling, and to provide a theoretical basis for the study of improving soil nitrogen utilization efficiency in paddy fields in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The main conclusions of the study were as follows: (1) the nitrification potential of the soil samples was significantly different, and the change range of the net nitrification rate of 24 soil samples was 0.11 ~ 17.22 mg N kg-1 路d ~ (-1). The nitrification potential of the soil samples with higher pH value and lighter soil texture was higher than that of the soil samples with lower pH value. The nitrification potential of the soil samples with relatively low pH value was lower than that of the soil samples with lower pH value. The nitrification potential of the soil samples with lower pH value was higher than that of the soil samples with lower pH value. The nitrification potential of the soil samples with a relatively low pH value was higher than that of the soil samples with a lighter texture. The nitrification potential of the samples was lower than that of the soil samples with lower pH value. However, the nitrification potential of some soil samples was higher even if the pH value was below 7.) the nitrification potential of the soil was significantly positively correlated with the content of amorphous iron in the soil, and the high content of amorphous iron was beneficial to the nitrification of the soil. In soil with pH < 6.5, amorphous iron content had a significant effect on nitrification potential, while in soil with pH > 6.5, the effect of amorphous iron content on nitrification potential was not significant. The nitrification process can be accelerated in soils with high amorphous iron content and viscous texture. The denitrification potential of 24 soil samples varied from 0.13 mg N kg-1 h-1 to 0.97 mg N kg-1 h-1. The denitrification potential of soil samples with higher organic matter content was higher, while the denitrification potential of rice soil with low organic matter content was also lower. (4) the contents of complex iron and amorphous iron had a significant effect on denitrification potential. However, the relationship between manganese content and denitrification potential was not significant. On the premise of considering the effect of iron and manganese on denitrification potential, the content of complex iron and amorphous iron is the most important factor affecting denitrification potential.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S153

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本文編號：1961102