發(fā)布時間：2018-05-23 23:34

  本文選題：人工林地 + 土壤氮磷含量��； 參考：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：以淮北地區(qū)蚌埠市懷遠縣古城鎮(zhèn)某一人工林地為對象,在林地、林地排水溝渠采集及毗鄰農(nóng)田采集75個點位土壤樣。在分析測試基礎(chǔ)上,解析土壤氮磷賦存形態(tài)、有機質(zhì)含量及其空間分布特征,分析土壤氮磷的生物有效性;通過相關(guān)性及差異性分析原理,剖析3種用地類型在氮磷含量和有機質(zhì)、pH值等方面的相關(guān)性及差異性;采用氮磷指數(shù)法評估林地土壤氮磷流失風(fēng)險,并在確定土壤磷素淋失臨界值的基礎(chǔ)上,識別土壤磷素淋失風(fēng)險及高風(fēng)險發(fā)生空間點位。主要研究成果概述如下:(1)林地土壤總氮和總磷平均值分別為1818.42mg·kg~(-1)和524.384mg·kg~(-1),有機質(zhì)的范圍為2.45%~8.86%,pH值分布于4.26~8.60,平均6.70,大致為中性土壤。與其他用地類型相比,林地土壤氮磷含量,有機質(zhì)和酸堿度水平大致介于林地排水溝和農(nóng)田之間。(2)林地土壤生物有效性氮和磷的平均含量分別為204.50mg·kg~(-1)和126.826mg·kg~(-1),分別占總氮和總磷的11.68%和25.73%,其中喬木林的生物有效性氮和磷的平均含量在林地土壤中最高;整個研究區(qū)內(nèi)生物有效性氮、磷平均含量高低排序分別為農(nóng)田林地排水溝林地、林地農(nóng)田林地排水溝。(3)相關(guān)性分析結(jié)果表明,林地土壤三種氮形態(tài)之間均不相關(guān),總磷與各形態(tài)磷之間相關(guān)性較顯著,各形態(tài)氮磷與有機質(zhì)、pH值之間也存在一定的相關(guān)性,林地土壤各污染指標之間的相關(guān)性優(yōu)于林地排水溝和農(nóng)田土壤。根據(jù)差異性分析結(jié)果,林地和農(nóng)田之間的硝態(tài)氮、鈣磷和有機質(zhì)含量差異顯著;林地和林地排水溝之間的有機質(zhì)存在顯著性差異,pH值在三者之間均有顯著差異。(4)林地土壤氮、磷指數(shù)分別為2.79和3.48,氮流失以中等風(fēng)險為主,磷流失以低風(fēng)險為主。研究區(qū)土壤磷素的Fe/Al-P富集率較高,IP富集率較低,三種用地類型的Olsen-P臨界值分別為64.909 mg·kg~(-1)、33.753 mg·kg~(-1)和37.423mg·kg~(-1),超過臨界值的土壤樣品占各自總樣本數(shù)的比例分別為23.4%、31.3%和41.67%,相對風(fēng)險系數(shù)平均值分別為0.173、0.426、0.274,林地的相對風(fēng)險系數(shù)不高,低于林地排水溝和農(nóng)田,因此林地土壤磷素淋失風(fēng)險水平總體不高。
[Abstract]:Taking an artificial forest land in Huaiyuan County Huaibu City Huaibei area as an object 75 soil samples were collected from forestland drainage ditches and adjacent farmland. On the basis of analysis and test, the forms of soil nitrogen and phosphorus, the content of organic matter and its spatial distribution are analyzed, and the bioavailability of soil nitrogen and phosphorus is analyzed. The correlation and difference of nitrogen and phosphorus content and pH value of organic matter were analyzed, the risk of soil nitrogen and phosphorus loss was evaluated by nitrogen and phosphorus index method, and the critical value of soil phosphorus leaching was determined. Identify soil phosphorus leaching risk and high risk spatial location. The main results were summarized as follows: the average values of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus in forest land were 1818.42mg kg ~ (-1) and 524.384mg ~ (-1), respectively, and the range of organic matter was 2.45 ~ 8.86 ~ 8.86 ~ 4.26 ~ 8.60 with an average of 6.70, which was approximately neutral soil. Compared with other land types, soil nitrogen and phosphorus content in forest land, The average contents of soil bioavailability nitrogen and phosphorus in forest land were 204.50mg kg ~ (-1) and 126.826mg ~ (1), which accounted for 11.68% and 25.73% of total nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. The bioavailability of Arbor forest was about the same as that of Arbor forest, which was about 11.68% and 25.73% of total nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. The average contents of nitrogen and phosphorus were the highest in the woodland soil. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was no correlation among the three nitrogen forms in the forest land, the order of the average nitrogen and phosphorus content in the whole study area was the drainage ditch of farmland forest land and the drainage ditch of forestland forest land, and the results showed that there was no correlation among the three nitrogen forms in the forest land. There was a significant correlation between total phosphorus and various forms of phosphorus. There was also a certain correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus forms and pH value of organic matter. The correlation between soil pollution indexes of forest land was better than that of drainage ditch and farmland soil. According to the results of difference analysis, there were significant differences in nitrate nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus and organic matter content between forestland and farmland, and significant difference in organic matter content between forestland and forestland drainage ditch. Phosphorus index was 2.79 and 3.48 respectively, nitrogen loss was mainly medium risk, phosphorus loss was mainly low risk. In the study area, the Fe/Al-P enrichment rate of phosphorus in soil is higher than that of IP, and the enrichment rate of IP is lower. The Olsen-P critical values of the three land use types were 64.909 mg / kg ~ (-1) and 33.753 mg / kg / kg ~ (-1), respectively. The proportion of soil samples above the critical value to the total samples was 23.443% and 41.67%, respectively. The average relative risk coefficient was 0.1730.4260.274, and the relative risk coefficient of forest land was not high. The risk of phosphorus leaching in forestland is lower than that in forestland gutter and farmland, so the risk level of phosphorus leaching in forestland is not high.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S714

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