本文選題：裸燕麥 + 樣本量��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：裸燕麥(Avena nuda L.)屬禾本科(Gramineae)燕麥屬(Avena L.),是一種重要的糧食兼飼草、飼料作物。裸燕麥種質(zhì)以種子形式貯存。種子從形成到發(fā)育成熟,受到內(nèi)外環(huán)境的影響,會(huì)不可避免地發(fā)生老化,其遺傳完整性也會(huì)受到影響。本研究以裸燕麥2個(gè)品種定燕9號(hào)、燕科1號(hào)為材料,利用SSR分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)分析評價(jià)裸燕麥種質(zhì)在進(jìn)行遺傳完整性研究時(shí)所需的適宜樣本量、種子老化和繁殖群體量因素對種質(zhì)遺傳完整性變化的影響,旨在為裸燕麥種質(zhì)資源保存和更新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。主要結(jié)果如下:1.分別以10、20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90株為樣本量梯度,研究裸燕麥定燕9號(hào)和燕科1號(hào)不同樣本量群體的SSR等位基因數(shù)、有效等位基因數(shù)、香農(nóng)指數(shù)等遺傳參數(shù)的變化。結(jié)果顯示:20對SSR引物進(jìn)行擴(kuò)增,分別檢測到43、32個(gè)等位基因,平均每個(gè)位點(diǎn)檢測到2.09、1.60個(gè)等位基因。樣本量大小與等位基因數(shù)、多態(tài)位點(diǎn)百分率相關(guān)(定燕9號(hào)分別為0.002**和0.003**,燕科1號(hào)分別為0.015*和0.012*)。2種材料的樣本量分別大于70和50時(shí),等位基因數(shù)、多態(tài)位點(diǎn)百分率的S擬合曲線變化趨于平緩,其他參數(shù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差減小。將基于SSR的遺傳完整性分析中2種材料群體樣本量確定為70株和50株。2.對2種裸燕麥材料經(jīng)人工老化處理得不同發(fā)芽率群體,對其進(jìn)行SSR遺傳完整性分析。定燕9號(hào)中,發(fā)芽率群體低于D9-1(發(fā)芽率80%-85%)時(shí),群體的等位基因數(shù)、有效等位基因數(shù)、多樣性指數(shù)、香農(nóng)指數(shù)均與對照群體D9-0(發(fā)芽率90%)存在顯著差異,而群體D9-1(發(fā)芽率80%-85%)、D9-2(發(fā)芽率60%-70%)和D9-3(發(fā)芽率30%)間差異不顯著,綜合考慮群體之間遺傳多樣性參數(shù)及遺傳一致度的聚類分析結(jié)果,提出當(dāng)定燕9號(hào)種子發(fā)芽率降至85%以下時(shí),需對其進(jìn)行繁殖更新。燕科1號(hào)4個(gè)不同發(fā)芽率群體的各參數(shù)無顯著差異,但均隨發(fā)芽率降低呈逐漸降低的趨勢。3.研究了燕科1號(hào)不同繁殖群體樣本量對其遺傳完整性的影響。樣本量為50、100和150的3個(gè)繁殖群體的等位基因數(shù)、有效等位基因數(shù)、遺傳多樣性指數(shù)和香農(nóng)指數(shù)與對照群體相比差異顯著,3個(gè)繁殖群體之間差異均不顯著。等位基因數(shù)、多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)數(shù)、多態(tài)位點(diǎn)百分率低于對照群體,故繁殖群體樣本量對其種質(zhì)遺傳完整性的影響不顯著。4.將樣本量為50、90的群體與繁殖群體量為50、100的群體進(jìn)行等位基因數(shù)、有效等位基因數(shù)、遺傳多樣性指數(shù)、香農(nóng)指數(shù)進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,均呈極顯著正相關(guān)(分別為0.003**、0.002**),且樣本量(90)與繁殖群體量(100)的Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù)大于樣本量(50)與繁殖群體量(50)的Pearson相關(guān)系數(shù),達(dá)0.998。說明在生產(chǎn)實(shí)際中樣本量(90)、繁殖群體量(100),更能代表該群體的遺傳完整性。
[Abstract]:Avena nuda L. Avena L., an important forage and forage crop. Naked oat germplasm is stored in seed form. Seed aging and genetic integrity will inevitably occur due to the influence of internal and external environment on seeds from formation to maturity. In this study, two varieties of naked oat, Dingyan 9 and Yanke 1, were used to analyze and evaluate the suitable sample size of naked oat germplasm for genetic integrity study by using SSR molecular marker technique. The effects of seed aging and breeding population quantity on genetic integrity of germplasm were studied in order to provide basic data for the establishment of conservation and renewal criteria for naked oat germplasm resources. The main results are as follows: 1. The variation of SSR alleles, effective alleles and Shannon index in different populations of Dingyan 9 and Yanke 1 of naked oat were studied with the sample size gradient of 10H20, 30Pu, 40FU, 60Pu, 70CU, 800, respectively, and the variation of genetic parameters such as the number of SSR alleles, the number of effective alleles, and the Shannon index were studied. The results showed that 43 alleles and 32 alleles were detected by the amplification of 20 pairs of SSR primers, with an average of 2.09% 1.60 alleles per locus. The sample size was correlated with the number of alleles and the percentage of polymorphic loci (Dingyan 9 was 0.002 ~ * and 0.003), Yanke 1 was 0.015 * and 0.012 ~ (2) respectively, and the number of alleles was more than 70 and 50, respectively. The S-fitting curve of percentage of polymorphic loci tended to change slowly and the standard deviation of other parameters decreased. The population samples of two materials in genetic integrity analysis based on SSR were determined to be 70 plants and 50 strains. 2. The population with different germination rates was obtained by artificial aging of two kinds of naked oats, and the genetic integrity of two varieties of naked oats was analyzed by SSR. In Dingyan 9, the number of alleles, effective alleles, diversity index and Shannon index of the population were significantly different from those of the control population D9-0 when the germination rate of the population was lower than that of the control population D9-1 (germination rate 80 -85), and there were significant differences in the number of alleles, the number of effective alleles, the diversity index and the Shannon index between the two populations. However, there was no significant difference between population D9-1 (germination rate 80 -85) and D9-3 (germination rate 30%). Considering the results of cluster analysis of genetic diversity parameters and genetic consistency among populations, it was proposed that when the germination rate of DJ9 seed decreased to less than 85%, It needs to be propagated and renewed. The parameters of four different germination rate populations of Yanke No. 1 showed no significant difference, but all showed a decreasing trend with the decrease of germination rate. The effect of sample size of different breeding populations of Yanke 1 on its genetic integrity was studied. The number of alleles, effective alleles, genetic diversity index and Shannon index of three breeding populations with 50100 and 150 samples were significantly different from those of the control population, but there was no significant difference among the three breeding populations. The number of alleles, the number of polymorphic loci and the percentage of polymorphic loci were lower than those of the control population, so the effect of sample size of breeding population on the genetic integrity of the germplasm was not significant. The number of alleles, effective alleles, genetic diversity index and Shannon index of population with sample size of 50 ~ 90 and reproduction population of 50100 were analyzed. The correlation coefficient of Pearson between the sample size (0. 003) and the breeding population (100) was higher than that of the sample size (50) and the Pearson correlation coefficient (0. 998). The results showed that the sample size was 90% and the reproductive population was 100%, which could represent the genetic integrity of the population.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S512.6

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