本文選題：淡黃花百合 + 引種栽培��； 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：淡黃花百合(Lilium sulphureum Baker apud Hook.f)為百合科(Liliaceae)百合屬(Lilium)多年生草本植物,是我國特有的野生資源,不僅觀賞價(jià)值高,耐熱抗病性強(qiáng),鱗莖還可食用入藥。近年來隨著藥用百合需求劇增,大量野生資源被采挖,而人工栽培較少,其原生境遭到破壞,目前已列入中國珍惜瀕危植物二級(jí)保護(hù)名錄,資源現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,亟需采取有效措施進(jìn)行保護(hù)。針對(duì)以上存在的問題,本論文圍繞野生淡黃花百合引種馴化、栽培繁殖及耐熱性進(jìn)行探究,為資源保護(hù)及應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。主要結(jié)論如下:1.以云南紅河州采集的野生淡黃花百合(可開花種球)進(jìn)行引種栽培,當(dāng)年成活率可達(dá)100%,開花率為60%,初花期在6月10日,單朵花期5-7d,群體花期21d,11月下旬進(jìn)入休眠期。80%的植株能夠順利越冬,次年開花率50%,初花期為7月10日,相比前一年推遲30d。淡黃花百合整個(gè)生長發(fā)育期持續(xù)近7個(gè)月,形態(tài)學(xué)性狀與原生地基本相似,并且可以正常開花、結(jié)實(shí),適宜在武漢引種栽培。2.以種子、珠芽、鱗莖作為材料,開展最佳繁殖方式探究。結(jié)果表明:淡黃花百合種子在2泥炭:1珍珠巖基質(zhì)中生長較好,發(fā)芽率可達(dá)70%;鱗片扦插前不宜采用NAA處理,未處理鱗片扦插誘導(dǎo)率也僅22.58%,再生效果不佳;淡黃花百合珠芽不具休眠特性,采用穴盤育苗→田間種植方式進(jìn)行栽培繁殖,發(fā)芽率可達(dá)93%,6個(gè)月即可得到出苗整齊、根系生長粗壯的小鱗莖。以鱗片作為外植體進(jìn)行離體培養(yǎng),結(jié)果表明:外植體切成0.5cm×0.5cm小方塊光照培養(yǎng)利于鱗片誘導(dǎo)不定芽,此階段最適培養(yǎng)基為MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L+蔗糖30g/L,誘導(dǎo)率可達(dá)60%;增殖培養(yǎng)階段最適培養(yǎng)基為MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+NAA 0.5mg/L+蔗糖30g/L,芽苗叢生、長勢(shì)健壯,增殖倍數(shù)為2.0;生根結(jié)鱗莖培養(yǎng)階段最適培養(yǎng)基為1/2 MS+NAA 0.1mg/L+蔗糖60g/L,鱗莖增大倍數(shù)為1.94,生根率100%,葉色濃綠厚實(shí),鱗片抱合緊密,主根粗壯,整體生長狀態(tài)良好;小鱗莖移栽,成活率高達(dá)99%,30d左右可得到長勢(shì)健壯的幼苗。3.以珠芽為材料,開展不同基質(zhì)及施肥方案探究,結(jié)果表明:基質(zhì)和施肥分別對(duì)植株生長和鱗莖產(chǎn)量造成顯著影響,并且有互作效應(yīng)。最佳組合為A1B3,基質(zhì)以泥炭:珍珠巖1:1配制,施肥為氮磷鉀(2:1:1),此時(shí)珠芽萌發(fā)時(shí)間集中,出苗整齊,成活率達(dá)70%,植株高度適中,健壯不易倒伏,鱗莖增產(chǎn)顯著。4.高溫處理淡黃花百合幼苗,隨脅迫時(shí)間延長,植株耐熱指數(shù)不斷降低,相對(duì)電導(dǎo)率、游離脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白含量上升,至168h分別比對(duì)照增加2.84倍、5.56倍和1.48倍�？�?cè)~綠素含量、SOD活性呈下降趨勢(shì),至168h分別比對(duì)照下降65.75%、36.33%。CAT和POD活性在0.5h達(dá)到最大后開始下降,至168h分別比對(duì)照下降96.47%、66.6%。丙二醛含量在0.5h降至最低(比對(duì)照降低35.58%)后上升,在1h升到最大值(比對(duì)照增加1.55倍)后與對(duì)照保持平穩(wěn)水平�？扇苄蕴呛繛橄壬仙笙陆抵翆�(duì)照水平,120h達(dá)到最大值,比對(duì)照增加1.37倍。對(duì)以上各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行主成分分析和綜合評(píng)價(jià),將原來的10項(xiàng)指標(biāo)替換為6個(gè)相互獨(dú)立的綜合指標(biāo),累計(jì)貢獻(xiàn)率可達(dá)95.08%。依據(jù)綜合評(píng)價(jià)D值可知,高溫脅迫0.5h條件下植株表現(xiàn)較強(qiáng)耐熱性。依據(jù)最優(yōu)回歸方程D=0.545-0.026X1+0.083X4-0.158X7+0.093X9+0.085X10,篩選出對(duì)淡黃花百合耐熱性顯著相關(guān)的指標(biāo)為:相對(duì)電導(dǎo)率、丙二醛、可溶性蛋白、CAT、POD活力,有助于淡黃花百合耐熱性鑒定與應(yīng)用研究。
[Abstract]:Lilium Lilium (Lilium sulphureum Baker APUD Hook.f) is a perennial herb of Lilium (Lilium) of Liliaceae (Liliaceae). It is a unique wild resource in China. It is not only of high ornamental value, high heat resistance and disease resistance, but also edible for edible bulbs. In recent years, a large number of wild resources have been dug with the increasing demand of medicinal herbs, and the artificial cultivation is more than that of artificial cultivation. Less, its original habitat has been destroyed, and it has been listed as the two class protection list of endangered plants in China. The present situation of resources is not optimistic, and it is urgent to take effective measures to protect it. In view of the problems above, this paper explores the introduction and domestication of Lilium Lilium, cultivation propagation and heat tolerance in this paper, and provides a theory for the protection and application of resources. According to the main conclusions, the main conclusions are as follows: 1. the Wild Lilium lilies collected in Honghe state, Yunnan, can be introduced and cultivated. The survival rate of the year can reach 100%, the flowering rate is 60%, the first flower period is in June 10th, the single flower period is 5-7d, the flowering period is 21d, the plant that enters the dormant period of.80% in the next ten days of November can be overwintered smoothly, the flowering rate of the next year is 50%, the initial flowering period is 7 On 10 day, the whole growth and development period of 30D. Lilium lilies lasted nearly 7 months compared to the previous year. The morphological characters were basically similar to that of native land, and they could be normally flowering and fruiting. It was suitable for the introduction and cultivation of.2. seeds, bud and bulbs in Wuhan. The results showed that the seeds of Lilium Lilium were 2 mud. Carbon: the growth of 1 perlite matrix is better, the germination rate can reach 70%, the scale cuttage should not be treated with NAA before cutting, the untreated scale cuttage induction rate is only 22.58%, the regeneration effect is not good; the Lilium Lilium pearl bud does not have the dormancy characteristic, the acupoint seedling raising and field planting method is used for cultivation and reproduction, the germination rate can reach 93%, and the sprout can be obtained in 6 months. The roots grow stout small bulbs. Scales are used as explants to culture in vitro. The results show that explants cut into 0.5cm x 0.5cm small squares to induce adventitious buds. The optimum medium for this stage is MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L+ sucrose 30g/L, the induction rate can reach 60%, and the optimum medium of proliferation culture stage is MS+6-BA1.5mg. /L+NAA 0.5mg/L+ sucrose 30g/L, sprout shoot clusters, strong growth, multiplication multiple of 2, the most suitable medium for the rooting bulb culture stage is 1/2 MS+NAA 0.1mg/L+ sucrose 60g/L, the enlargement of bulbs is 1.94, the rooting rate is 100%, the leaf color is thick and thick, the scales are close, the main root is strong, the whole growth state is good, and the small bulb transplants, the survival rate is as high as 99%, In 30d, the growing and robust seedling.3. could be used as the material of Pearl buds to carry out different substrates and fertilization schemes. The results showed that the substrate and fertilization had a significant effect on plant growth and bulb yield, and had mutual effect. The best combination was A1B3. The matrix was made of Peat: perlite 1:1, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (2:1:1), and at this time Pearl bud The germination time was concentrated, the survival rate was 70%, the height of the plant was 70%, the height of the plant was moderate, the growth of the plant was not easy to lodge, the bulb yield increased significantly with the high temperature treatment. The heat resistance index of the plant decreased with the prolonged stress, the relative conductivity, the free proline and the soluble protein content increased, to the increase of 2.84 times, 5.56 times more than the control. And 1.48 times the total chlorophyll content, SOD activity decreased, to 168h decreased by 65.75% compared with the control, and the activity of 36.33%.CAT and POD began to decrease after the maximum 0.5h reached the maximum, and to 168h was 96.47% lower than the control, and the content of 66.6%. malondialdehyde decreased to the lowest (35.58% lower than the control) and rose to the maximum value (1.55 times higher than the control). The content of soluble sugar increased first and then dropped to the control level, and the 120h reached the maximum value, which was 1.37 times higher than that of the control. The above indexes were analyzed by principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation, and the original 10 indexes were replaced by 6 independent comprehensive indexes, and the cumulative contribution rate could reach 95.08%. based on the comprehensive evaluation of D It is known that under the condition of high temperature stress 0.5h, the plants exhibit strong heat resistance. According to the optimal regression equation D=0.545-0.026X1+0.083X4-0.158X7+0.093X9+0.085X10, a significant index for the heat resistance of Lilium Lilium is selected: relative conductivity, malondialdehyde, soluble protein, CAT, POD activity, which is helpful to the identification of heat resistance of Lilium Lilium. Use research.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S682.29

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本文編號(hào)：1891169