本文選題：貝加爾雅羅魚 + 微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記��； 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究以額爾齊斯河貝加爾雅羅魚(Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis)為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,聯(lián)合二代測(cè)序技術(shù)和熒光毛細(xì)管電泳技術(shù),開發(fā)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)30個(gè),其中19個(gè)來自基因組,11個(gè)來自轉(zhuǎn)錄組;利用這30個(gè)位點(diǎn)對(duì)哈巴河、布爾津及北灣三個(gè)群體進(jìn)行遺傳多樣性分析,并探究這些位點(diǎn)在其他9種鯉科魚類中的通用性。主要結(jié)果如下:1.共合成160對(duì)引物,64對(duì)來自基因組,96對(duì)來自轉(zhuǎn)錄組;在擴(kuò)增(以北灣群體樣品為模板)過程中出現(xiàn)不同程度的擴(kuò)增失敗:3對(duì)基因組微衛(wèi)星引物和25對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)錄組微衛(wèi)星引物未擴(kuò)增出任何條帶或者未得到目的條帶。2.用30個(gè)微衛(wèi)星標(biāo)記評(píng)估北灣、布爾津和哈巴河三個(gè)群體的遺傳多樣性,共檢測(cè)出等位基因339個(gè),各位點(diǎn)等位基因數(shù)范圍在4-27之間,平均11.3個(gè);有效等位基因數(shù)一共154.28個(gè),介于1.56-15.34之間,平均5.14個(gè);觀測(cè)雜合度在0.37-1.00之間,平均值是0.68;期望雜合度在0.36-0.94,平均值是0.75;多態(tài)性信息含量在0.31-0.93之間,平均值是0.71。3.遺傳分化指數(shù)和遺傳距離顯示,三個(gè)群體沒有發(fā)生顯著分化;分子方差分析結(jié)果顯示,大部分變異來自個(gè)體間,極少數(shù)變異來自種群間。4.位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比例:基因組31.1%,轉(zhuǎn)錄組15.5%;用于遺傳多樣性評(píng)估的指數(shù),基因組微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)的指數(shù)均大于轉(zhuǎn)錄組SSR微衛(wèi)星的指數(shù)。5.30個(gè)位點(diǎn)在擬鯉中的通用率最高,為80%,其次是高體雅羅魚,為76.7%;轉(zhuǎn)錄組微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)的跨物種通用率普遍遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于基因組微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:In this study, 30 microsatellite loci were developed by combining second-generation sequencing and fluorescence capillary electrophoresis with Leuciscus leuciscus baicalensis (Leuciscus leuciscus Baicalensis), 19 of which were from genome and 11 from transcriptional groups. These 30 loci were used to analyze the genetic diversity of Haba River, Bujin and Beiwan populations, and to explore the commonality of these loci in 9 other species of Cyprinidae. The main results are as follows: 1. A total of 160 pairs of primers were synthesized and 64 pairs of primers were synthesized from the genome. 96 pairs of primers were from the transcriptome. In the process of amplification (using the samples of Beiwan population as template), three pairs of genomic microsatellite primers and 25 pairs of transcriptional microsatellite primers did not amplify any bands or the target bands were not obtained. Thirty microsatellite markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of the three populations in Beiwan, Brzin and Haba. A total of 339 alleles were detected. The number of alleles at each point ranged from 4 to 27, with an average of 11.3, and the number of effective alleles was 154.28. The observed heterozygosity was 0.37-1.00, the average was 0.68, the expected heterozygosity was 0.36-0.94, the average value was 0.75, and the polymorphism information content was 0.31-0.93 with an average of 0.71.3. The genetic differentiation index and genetic distance showed that there was no significant differentiation among the three populations, and the results of molecular variance analysis showed that most of the variations came from the individuals, and a few from the populations. The genetic diversity assessment index of genomic microsatellite loci was higher than that of transcriptional SSR microsatellite loci. 5.30 loci were the most common in carps. The transcriptional microsatellite loci are generally much higher than the genomic microsatellite sites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S917.4

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