本文選題：水稻 + 專用肥��； 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：以雜交水稻“豐優(yōu)293”為材料,試驗研究了“稼好”牌秧保姆、穗穗歡、千斤頂三種水稻專用肥及秧保姆+穗穗歡水稻專用肥組合、秧保姆+穗穗歡+千斤頂水稻專用肥組合,對直播稻生長發(fā)育和產(chǎn)量形成的影響,為專用肥的配方改良、推廣應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。采用雜交水稻“廣兩優(yōu)558”為材料,試驗考察了“稼好”牌新配方壯秧劑和一種對照壯秧劑的育秧效果,為新配方壯秧劑的配方改良和推廣應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。以雜交水稻“廣兩優(yōu)558”為材料,試驗比較分析了“稼好”牌壯秧劑撒施在苗床中和混合在秧盤基質(zhì)中兩種施用方式的育秧效果,為壯秧劑的合理施用提供理論依據(jù)。初步得出以下結(jié)論:1.秧保姆促進了分蘗的發(fā)生,增加了高峰苗數(shù),增加了單位面積穗數(shù)和穎花量,增加了千粒重,產(chǎn)量增加0.38t hm-2;秧保姆增加了分蘗期、拔節(jié)期和齊穗期葉綠素含量,增加了拔節(jié)期葉面積指數(shù)和各生育階段光合勢,增加了拔節(jié)期和成熟期干物質(zhì)重,增加了播種至拔節(jié)期作物生長率;在顯著提高直播稻群體光合物質(zhì)生產(chǎn)能力的條件下,秧保姆使上部三片葉的長度減小,使倒二葉和倒三葉葉面積和干物質(zhì)重明顯減小;此外,秧保姆還增加了基部伸長節(jié)間莖粗和截面系數(shù),使倒伏指數(shù)降低。在施用秧保姆的基礎(chǔ)上,施加穗穗歡使單位面積穗數(shù)增加,產(chǎn)量增加0.56t hm-2;施加穗穗歡增加了抽穗至成熟期光合勢,增加了成熟期干物質(zhì)重;此外,施加穗穗歡減小了基部第一伸長節(jié)間長度和第二伸長節(jié)間長度,從而使株高和重心高度顯著降低,第二伸長節(jié)間莖壁厚明顯增加,使基部莖稈抗折力明顯增加,倒伏指數(shù)降低。在本試驗條件下千斤頂對直播稻產(chǎn)量和產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成因素均沒有表現(xiàn)出明顯的影響,對直播稻抽穗后生長發(fā)育也沒有表現(xiàn)出明顯的影響。秧保姆和穗穗歡組合促進了直播稻的生長發(fā)育,表現(xiàn)出較好的增產(chǎn)效果,增產(chǎn)幅度達到11.97%。2.“稼好”牌新配方壯秧劑處理與對照壯秧劑處理相比每穗粒數(shù)和單位面積穎花量顯著增加,產(chǎn)量增加0.82t hm-2,新配方壯秧劑使秧苗根數(shù)和白根數(shù)顯著增加,根干物質(zhì)重顯著增加,發(fā)根能力顯著增強,秧苗拋栽大田后表現(xiàn)出一定生長優(yōu)勢。施用壯秧劑的處理較不施壯秧劑的處理產(chǎn)量明顯增加,秧苗素質(zhì)得到提高,田間生長情況得到改善。3.壯秧劑兩種施用方式之間產(chǎn)量及產(chǎn)量構(gòu)成因素沒有表現(xiàn)出明顯的差異,秧苗素質(zhì)相近,田間生長情況也比較一致。在本試驗條件下將壯秧劑撒施在苗床中與將壯秧劑混合在秧盤基質(zhì)中相比并不會降低秧苗素質(zhì)、拋栽后田間生長指標(biāo)和產(chǎn)量。初步驗證將壯秧劑撒施在苗床中有一定的可行性,但還需進一步研究論證。
[Abstract]:Using the hybrid rice "Fengyou 293" as the material, this paper studied the combination of "Jiahao" brand seedling nanny, panicle jelly, jacks and rice special fertilizer combinations, and the rice special fertilizer combinations with the spikelet jacks of the seedling nannies, and the rice special fertilizer combinations with the spikelet jacks of the seedling nannies. The effects on the growth, development and yield formation of direct seeding rice provide theoretical basis for improving the formula of special fertilizer and popularizing and applying it. Using "Guangliangyou 558" hybrid rice as the material, the effects of "Jiahao" brand new formula seedling strengthening agent and a control seedling strengthening agent were investigated, which provided the theoretical basis for the formulation improvement and popularization and application of the new formula strong seedling agent. Based on "Guangliangyou 558" of hybrid rice, the effects of "Jiahao" brand strong seedling agent on seedling raising in seedling bed and mixed seedling tray substrate were compared and analyzed, which provided a theoretical basis for the rational application of strong seedling agent. A preliminary conclusion is drawn as follows: 1. The seedling nanny promoted the occurrence of tillers, increased the number of peak seedlings, increased the number of spikelets and spikelets per unit area, increased 1000-grain weight, and increased the yield by 0.38t hm-2.The content of chlorophyll in seedling nanny increased at tillering stage, jointing stage and full heading stage. Leaf area index at jointing stage, photosynthesis potential at each growth stage, dry matter weight at jointing stage and maturity stage, crop growth rate from seeding to jointing stage were increased, and photosynthetic material production capacity of direct seeding rice population was significantly increased. The seedling nanny reduced the length of the upper three leaves, the area and dry matter weight of the top two leaves and the last three leaves, in addition, the seedling nanny increased the stem thickness and cross-section coefficient of the basal elongation Internode, which reduced the lodging index. On the basis of applying seedling nanny, the number of panicles per unit area was increased, the yield increased by 0.56 t hm-2, and the photosynthetic potential and dry matter weight increased from heading to maturity. The length of the first elongation Internode and the second elongation Internode were reduced by the application of panicle, so that the height of plant and the height of center of gravity decreased significantly, the wall thickness of the second elongation Internode increased obviously, the resistance of base stem increased obviously, and the lodging index decreased. Under the experimental conditions, Jack had no obvious effect on the yield and yield components of direct seeding rice, nor on the growth and development of direct seeding rice after heading. The combination of seedling nanny and panicle and Huanhuan promoted the growth and development of direct seeding rice, and showed a better effect of increasing yield, and the yield increased by 11.97.2. The number of spikelets per panicle and spikelet per unit area were significantly increased, the yield was increased by 0.82t hm-2, and the root number and white root number and root dry matter weight were significantly increased by the new formula seedling strengthening agent treatment compared with the control seedling strengthening agent treatment, and the grain number per panicle and spikelet per unit area were significantly increased, and the yield was increased by 0.82 t 路m ~ (-2). The ability of rooting was significantly enhanced, and the seedling growth advantage was shown after transplanting the seedlings in the field. The quality of seedling was improved and the growth of field was improved by using strong seedling agent as compared with the treatment without strong seedling agent. There was no significant difference in yield and yield components between the two application methods, and the seedling quality was similar and the field growth was the same. In this experiment, the seedling quality was not reduced by applying strong seedling agent in seedling bed and mixed with strong seedling agent in tray substrate, and the field growth index and yield were not decreased after throwing planting. It is proved that it is feasible to apply strong seedling agent in seedling bed, but it needs further study and demonstration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S511

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