發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-28 14:08

  本文選題：克隆植物 + 蛇莓�。� 參考：《中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：鹽脅迫是自然界最嚴(yán)重的非生物脅迫因子之一。濱海鹽堿地分布廣、生境惡劣,且隨著不科學(xué)地過度開發(fā),濱海鹽堿地面積不斷擴(kuò)大,土地生產(chǎn)力持續(xù)下降,鹽堿地鹽分分布特征及植物材料是影響濱海鹽堿地植被覆蓋質(zhì)量的重要因素。濱海鹽堿地鹽分受坡度、光照、水分等自然因素影響,呈現(xiàn)不均勻的分布格局�？寺≈参锿ㄟ^匍匐莖、根狀莖等結(jié)構(gòu)在其節(jié)上形成生理上相互連接而形態(tài)上相對(duì)獨(dú)立的分株,使得分株間存在廣泛的資源、能量和信號(hào)的交流與共享,即生理整合。因此,克隆植物是實(shí)現(xiàn)資源異質(zhì)化分布立地環(huán)境的植被均勻覆蓋的理想材料。蛇莓是一種典型的匍匐莖型克隆植物,抗性較強(qiáng)、養(yǎng)護(hù)成本低,被廣泛應(yīng)用于林下、石質(zhì)邊坡等裸露地植被覆蓋。研究克隆植物蛇莓對(duì)異質(zhì)性鹽脅迫的響應(yīng)及適應(yīng)性機(jī)制,對(duì)挖掘蛇莓的應(yīng)用潛力具有重要意義。褪黑素是極強(qiáng)的抗氧化劑,在調(diào)節(jié)植物生長、提高植物抗逆性方面發(fā)揮顯著作用。基于此,本研究初步分析了異質(zhì)鹽脅迫下蛇莓克隆相連分株表型及生理可塑性響應(yīng),以及外源褪黑素介導(dǎo)提高克隆植物抗性的生理機(jī)制,從全新角度明確克隆植物抗鹽性形成及其調(diào)控機(jī)制,為科學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)克隆植物耐鹽性以及篩選高抗克隆植物材料提供參考,并為濱海鹽堿地植被覆蓋與城市園林建設(shè)提供新思路。本研究采用盆栽法,以克隆植物蛇莓(Duchesnea indica(Andr.)Focke)為材料,研究了其耐鹽機(jī)理以及褪黑素(Melatonin)對(duì)其耐鹽性的調(diào)控功能。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)鹽脅迫抑制克隆植物蛇莓生長,并影響其生理代謝。鹽脅迫下,隨著鹽害加劇蛇莓的葉片受害率及葉片枯亡率上升,植株物質(zhì)積累能力下降,葉綠素合成受抑制,葉片加速失水,并且造成細(xì)胞膜系統(tǒng)受傷害,導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞膜透性的喪失、膜脂過氧化反應(yīng)加強(qiáng)并且積累大量的過氧化氫。(2)蛇莓相連分株間存在生理整合,對(duì)異質(zhì)性鹽脅迫的具有很強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)能力。鹽脅迫下,受脅迫分株可以與未受脅迫分株共享水分及養(yǎng)分資源,共同響應(yīng)受害信號(hào),以減少受脅迫分株的受害程度,延長植株整體的生存時(shí)間,增強(qiáng)植株的耐鹽性。(3)外源褪黑素顯著影響克隆植株蛇莓異質(zhì)性鹽脅迫下的表型及生理響應(yīng)。外褪黑素能保護(hù)蛇莓在鹽脅迫下的物質(zhì)積累能力、抑制葉綠素的降解、減少水分的喪失并保護(hù)細(xì)胞膜系統(tǒng)、增強(qiáng)清除過氧化物的能力,從而緩解鹽脅迫蛇莓植株造成的傷害。其中濃度為200μmol/L的褪黑素調(diào)控效果相對(duì)最為顯著。
[Abstract]:Salt stress is one of the most serious abiotic stress factors in nature. Along with unscientific over-exploitation, the area of coastal saline-alkali land is expanding continuously, and the productivity of the land continues to decline. The characteristics of salt distribution and plant materials in saline-alkali soil are the important factors that affect the vegetation coverage quality in coastal saline-alkali land. The salinity of coastal saline-alkali land is influenced by natural factors such as slope, illumination and moisture, and presents an uneven distribution pattern. Clonal plants form ramet plants which are physiologically connected and relatively independent in morphology through stolon rhizome and other structures which result in extensive communication and sharing of energy and signal among ramet plants namely physiological integration. Therefore, cloning plants is an ideal material for uniform vegetation coverage in heterogeneous sites. Raspberry is a typical stoloniferous clonal plant with strong resistance and low maintenance cost. It has been widely used in undergrowth, rock slope and other bare land vegetation cover. It is of great significance to study the response and adaptive mechanism of cloned plant Snake berry to heterogeneous salt stress and to exploit its application potential. Melatonin is a powerful antioxidant and plays a significant role in regulating plant growth and improving plant resistance to stress. Based on this, this study preliminarily analyzed the phenotypic and physiological plasticity response of clone ramet of Raspberry under heterogeneous salt stress, and the physiological mechanism of exogenous melatonin mediated enhancement of clonal plant resistance. The formation and regulation mechanism of salt-resistance of cloned plants are clarified from a new perspective, which provides a reference for the scientific evaluation of salt tolerance of cloned plants and the screening of high-resistant clone plant materials, and provides a new idea for vegetation cover and urban garden construction in coastal saline-alkali land. In this study, the salt-tolerance mechanism of Duchesnea indica Andr.Focke, a cloned plant, and the regulation of melatonin on its salt tolerance were studied by pot culture. The main results were as follows: 1) Salt stress inhibited the growth and physiological metabolism of the cloned plant. Under salt stress, the leaf damage rate and leaf death rate increased with the increase of salt injury, the accumulation ability of plant material decreased, chlorophyll synthesis was inhibited, leaf accelerated water loss, and the cell membrane system was damaged. The loss of cell membrane permeability, the enhancement of membrane lipid peroxidation and the accumulation of a large amount of hydrogen peroxide. Under salt stress, ramets under stress can share water and nutrient resources with ramet plants without stress, so as to reduce the degree of injury and prolong the whole survival time of ramet plants. The exogenous melatonin significantly affected the phenotypic and physiological responses of the cloned plants under heterogeneous salt stress. Exogenous melatonin can protect the ability of substance accumulation, inhibit the degradation of chlorophyll, reduce the loss of water and protect the cell membrane system, enhance the ability of scavenging peroxide, so as to alleviate the damage caused by salt stress. The effect of melatonin at the concentration of 200 渭 mol/L was the most significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S688.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 趙秋月;張廣臣;;堿性鹽脅迫對(duì)3種番茄根系活力和光合色素的影響[J];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2015年11期

2 劉丹;胡寶忠;徐永清;李鳳蘭;李飛;周晶;蔡振學(xué);王明晶;王旭;;鹽脅迫對(duì)有機(jī)番茄萌發(fā)及苗期生理特性的影響[J];北方園藝;2015年11期

3 韓海霞;姚嶺柏;曹興明;;鹽脅迫對(duì)不同品種黃瓜幼苗生長及生理指標(biāo)的影響[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2014年15期

4 陶應(yīng)時(shí);洪勝春;廖詠梅;黎云祥;廖興利;權(quán)秋梅;;異質(zhì)性光照下匍匐莖草本狗牙根克隆整合的耗益[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2013年20期

5 包宇;羅慶熙;黃娟;池浩;;外源褪黑素對(duì)低溫脅迫下番茄幼苗生理指標(biāo)的影響[J];西南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2013年10期

6 王超;顧偉詠;安定;許明豐;王紀(jì)忠;吳巨友;趙琰;;鹽脅迫對(duì)番茄幾個(gè)形態(tài)及生理指標(biāo)的影響[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2013年27期

7 葉學(xué)華;胡宇坤;劉志蘭;高樹琴;董鳴;;水分異質(zhì)性影響兩種根莖型克隆植物賴草和假葦拂子茅的水分存儲(chǔ)能力[J];植物生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2013年05期

8 劉愛榮;張遠(yuǎn)兵;鐘澤華;吳夏;張明;;鹽脅迫對(duì)彩葉草生長和滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)積累的影響[J];草業(yè)學(xué)報(bào);2013年02期

9 尹海龍;田長彥;;氮調(diào)控對(duì)鹽環(huán)境下甜菜功能葉光系統(tǒng)Ⅱ熒光特性的影響[J];植物生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2013年02期

10 廖詠梅;劉富俊;陳勁松;;克隆整合對(duì)異質(zhì)性鹽分脅迫下積雪草生長的影響[J];植物分類與資源學(xué)報(bào);2013年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：1815590