發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-17 17:10

  本文選題：棉花 + 縮節(jié)胺　； 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：縮節(jié)胺是常規(guī)棉花生產(chǎn)中的增產(chǎn)措施之一,但在以遲播、高密、減肥為特征的棉花高效生產(chǎn)模式中,縮節(jié)胺的應(yīng)用是否也是必須?為此,我們開(kāi)展了本研究。試驗(yàn)于2015~2016年在華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)試驗(yàn)農(nóng)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行,采用常規(guī)棉品種華棉3109,在夏直播、高密度(10株/m_2)、一次施肥(全部肥料于見(jiàn)花一次施入)條件下,設(shè)置5個(gè)縮節(jié)胺(MC)用量(g/hm_2)(0,30,60,90,120),研究了縮節(jié)胺對(duì)棉花生育進(jìn)程、產(chǎn)量及構(gòu)成因素、纖維品質(zhì)、植株形態(tài)、蕾花鈴分布和生理特性的影響。主要結(jié)果如下:1.與未噴施對(duì)照相比,噴施縮節(jié)胺有延長(zhǎng)棉花花鈴期的趨勢(shì)(延長(zhǎng)2~3 d,除MC90處理外),但生育期沒(méi)有差異,均為113 d(MC120處理為117 d)。2.與對(duì)照相比,噴施縮節(jié)胺沒(méi)有顯著增加單鈴重,但減少了單位面積鈴數(shù)和衣分。因此,降低了產(chǎn)量,且用量越大減產(chǎn)幅度越大。棉花子指和纖維品質(zhì),隨收獲日期推遲而下降。但噴施縮節(jié)胺可提高相應(yīng)收獲日期的棉花子指;改善棉花纖維品質(zhì),尤其是第3次收獲的棉花。3.施用縮節(jié)胺顯著減少了棉花主莖節(jié)位數(shù)、綠葉數(shù)和落葉數(shù),但延長(zhǎng)了葉片壽命;降低了棉花株高和主莖節(jié)間距,且與用量正相關(guān)。另外,噴施縮節(jié)胺減少了棉花葉面積,尤其是果枝葉面積;但提高了葉片比葉重。4.棉花葉柄長(zhǎng)度隨主莖節(jié)位由下而上,逐漸增加,至中部達(dá)最大值(16 cm左右)后,逐漸減少,呈紡錘形。噴施縮節(jié)胺縮短了果枝長(zhǎng)度和第一果節(jié)長(zhǎng)度,其幅度隨縮節(jié)胺用量增加而增大,且中上部果枝和果節(jié)長(zhǎng)度縮短幅度大于下部。5.縮節(jié)胺對(duì)施肥前棉花主莖功能葉葉柄硝態(tài)氮影響不大,施肥后MC30、MC60和MC90硝態(tài)氮含量顯著提高,且隨MC用量增大而增大�？扇苄缘鞍踪|(zhì)的變化在硝態(tài)氮變化之后,前期各處理變化一致,DAE73之后MC30、MC60和MC90處理有所增加,但變化幅度較小,高用量處理MC120表現(xiàn)為抑制了可溶性蛋白質(zhì)的增加�？s節(jié)胺前期提高、后期降低了棉花功能葉可溶性糖含量,但沒(méi)改變其變化趨勢(shì)�？梢钥闯�,雖然噴施縮節(jié)胺是常規(guī)棉花生產(chǎn)的一項(xiàng)增產(chǎn)措施,但是在夏直播、高密度、低肥量、一次施條件下,因此應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎使用縮節(jié)胺。
[Abstract]:Ketamine is one of the measures to increase production in conventional cotton production, but in the cotton production mode characterized by late sowing, high density and weight loss, is it necessary to apply it?Therefore, we carried out this study.The experiment was conducted at Huazhong Agricultural University's experimental farm from 2015 to 2016. Huamian 3109, a conventional cotton variety, was directly seeded in summer.In this paper, the effects of acyclic amine on cotton growth process, yield and component factors, fiber quality, plant morphology, bud flower and boll distribution and physiological characteristics were studied.The main results are as follows: 1.Compared with the unsprayed control, the growth period of cotton treated with acetylamine was prolonged (2 ~ 3 days), except for MC90 treatment, but there was no difference in growth period, which was 113DU 路2 ~ (-1) for 113 d(MC120 treatment.Compared with the control, the number of bolls per unit area and lint percentage were decreased by spraying knuckle amine, but the weight of single boll was not significantly increased.Therefore, the yield is reduced, and the larger the dosage is, the larger the yield reduction is.The quality of cotton seed and fiber decreased with the delay of harvest date.But spraying knuckle amine can improve cotton seed index and fiber quality, especially the third harvest cotton. 3.The number of main stem nodes, the number of green leaves and the number of leaves were significantly decreased, but the leaf life was prolonged, and the plant height and the spacing of main stem nodes were decreased, which were positively correlated with the amount of application.In addition, the leaf area of cotton, especially the area of branches and leaves of fruit, was decreased by applying knotamine, but the leaf area was higher than that of Ye Zhong. 4.The petiole length of cotton increased gradually from the bottom to the top of the main stem and reached the maximum value of about 16 cm in the middle of the stem.The length of fruit branch and the first fruit node were shortened by spraying nodal amine, and the amplitude increased with the increase of the amount of amine, and the length of middle and upper fruit branch and fruit node was shorter than that of lower part.The nodal amine had little effect on nitrate nitrogen in the petiole of the main stem of cotton before fertilization, but the contents of MC30, MC60 and MC90 increased significantly after fertilization, and increased with the increase of the amount of MC.After the change of nitrate nitrogen, the changes of soluble protein in different treatments were consistent with that of DAE73, but the changes of MC30, MC60 and MC90 were small, and the increase of soluble protein was inhibited by high dosage of MC120.The content of soluble sugar in functional leaves of cotton decreased in the later stage, but did not change.It can be seen that although spraying kelp is a measure to increase the yield of conventional cotton, it should be used carefully under the conditions of direct seeding in summer, high density, low fertilizer amount and single application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S562

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