本文選題：脫硫石膏 + 濱海鹽堿土�。� 參考：《上海應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,脫硫石膏作為一種鹽堿土改良劑,因其成本低、產(chǎn)量大、修復(fù)效率快而備受關(guān)注。在濱海區(qū)域,應(yīng)用脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土,能緩解人多地少的矛盾,改善生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量,促進(jìn)濱海區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展。脫硫石膏是電力、鋼鐵等行業(yè)煙氣脫硫過程中的副產(chǎn)物。電廠、煉鋼廠等工業(yè)企業(yè)屬不同行業(yè),其產(chǎn)生的煙氣成分、脫硫工藝(或過程)、脫硫劑原料等有很大區(qū)別,導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生的脫硫石膏差異較大,從而可能改良鹽堿土的效果,同時可能帶來潛在的環(huán)境風(fēng)險問題。因此,本文選取了分別來自某煉鋼廠和某燃煤電廠的兩種不同類型的脫硫石膏,脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的應(yīng)用效果及環(huán)境風(fēng)險研究。本研究的目的是通過土柱實驗和田間實驗,探究(1)脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的脫鹽過程、改良效果及影響因素(2)脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的實際工程效果(3)脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的生態(tài)安全中,脫硫石膏-土壤體系中重金屬的變化規(guī)律。本研究的主要結(jié)果如下:(1)不同類型脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的脫鈉過程。土柱實驗,采用不同類型的兩種脫硫石膏A、B, 5個質(zhì)量配比(0%、0.5%、1.0%、2.5%、5.0%), 9個處理,其結(jié)果表明:應(yīng)用脫硫石膏A、B能加快土壤脫鈉,在土壤脫鈉的過程中,土壤淋出鈉離子的濃度隨時間而呈現(xiàn)先急劇下降后趨于平緩的變化,土壤淋出鈉在土壤淋洗的前2天比較活躍;淋洗液中鈣離子濃度越高,越利于脫硫石膏-土壤體系中鈉離子的排出;土壤排鈉、淋出鈣與土壤飽和導(dǎo)水速率、脫硫石膏配比相關(guān);脫硫石膏B對土壤的排鈉效果明顯優(yōu)于A石膏。(2)脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的影響因素。土柱實驗中,應(yīng)用脫硫石膏A、B均能改良濱海鹽堿土,B石膏與A石膏相比,土壤飽和導(dǎo)水速率、排鈉量、土壤透氣速率分別增加了 0.58-0.89 倍、51.3%-74.0%、0.028-0.101 倍,土壤淋出鈣的量、土壤 pH、堿化度(ESP)分別降低了 3%-14%、0.10-0.36個單元、66.7%-83.6%。B石膏對濱海鹽堿土的改良效果優(yōu)于A石膏,其原因為B石膏更少的雜質(zhì)和更高的鈣離子溶出速率。(3)脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的田間實驗。研究了改良效果更佳的脫硫石膏B的實際工程效果,結(jié)果表明,質(zhì)量配比0.5%、1%、2.5%、5%的B石膏能降低土壤pH到8.0以下,適合植物生長,降低后的土壤pH能夠穩(wěn)定一段時間,且各處理配比之間無顯著性差異(P0.05);施加B石膏可降低土壤堿化度,土壤堿化度隨脫硫石膏配比的增加而顯著降低(P0.05),隨時間而顯著減少(P0.05),配比2.5%、5%的B石膏可降低土壤堿化度到6%以下,達(dá)到非堿化度水平。田間實驗中,脫硫石膏B能很好的改良濱海鹽堿土。(4)脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土的環(huán)境風(fēng)險。重點研究了脫硫石膏-土壤體系中重金屬的變化規(guī)律,研究結(jié)果表明,脫硫石膏-土壤體系中,重金屬As、Cd、Hg易向土壤深處遷移,Cr與所處環(huán)境的氧化還原狀態(tài)有關(guān),Pb易停留在土壤表層。綜上所述,本文選擇的兩種脫硫石膏(A和B)均可以用于改良濱海鹽堿土,其中某燃煤電廠的脫硫石膏B效果明顯優(yōu)于某煉鋼廠的脫硫石膏A,主要源于其更少的雜質(zhì)和更高的鈣離子溶出效率,田間試驗也證實了脫硫石膏B改良濱海鹽堿土的效果較好;實驗中,采用脫硫石膏B改良濱海鹽堿土沒有環(huán)境風(fēng)險。本論文的工作為采用脫硫石膏改良濱海鹽堿土提供了基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)和相關(guān)技術(shù)支持,具有重要的環(huán)境意義。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the desulfurization gypsum as a soil improver, because of its low cost, high production efficiency, fast repair and concern. In the coastal region, application of gypsum improved saline alkali soil, can alleviate the contradiction between people and land, improve the ecological environment, promote coastal area economic sustainable development. Desulfurization gypsum is a by-product of electric power, iron and steel industry in flue gas desulfurization process. The power plant, steel plant and other industrial enterprises belong to different industries, the composition of flue gas desulfurization technology, desulfurization agent (or process), and other raw materials are very different, the difference caused by the guide of desulfurization gypsum is large, which could improve the saline alkali soil effect at the same time, the environmental risk may bring potential problems. Therefore, this paper selects two different types of desulfurization gypsum from a steel plant and a coal-fired power plant, the application effect of desulfurization gypsum improvement of coastal saline alkali soil and Study on the environmental risk. The purpose of this study is through the soil column experiment and field experiment, inquiry (1) desalination process desulfurization gypsum improvement of coastal saline alkali soil improvement effect and influence factors, (2) the actual engineering effect of desulfurization gypsum improvement of coastal saline alkali soil (3) ecological safety gypsum improved coastal saline alkali soil, change characteristics of heavy metals in the desulfurization gypsum soil system. The main results of this study are as follows: (1) sodium removal process of different types of gypsum improved coastal saline soil. The soil column experiment, using two kinds of gypsum A, different types of B, 5 mass ratio (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%) 9, processing, the results show that the application of desulfurization gypsum A, B can speed up the removal of sodium in soil, soil and sodium in soil, leaching concentration of sodium ion with time and showed gradual changes to decreased sharply after soil leaching of sodium in soil leaching than 2 days ago The more active; the eluent concentration of calcium ions is higher, more conducive to the discharge of sodium ion desulfurization gypsum soil system in the soil; the excretion of sodium, calcium and leaching of soil saturated water rate, ratio of gypsum; gypsum B on sodium excretion effect of soil was better than that of A gypsum. (2) factors affecting removal sulfur gypsum improvement of coastal saline alkali soil. Soil column experiment, application of desulfurization gypsum A, B can improve saline alkali soil, compared with B and A gypsum gypsum, soil saturated water rate and sodium excretion amount, soil aeration rate were increased by 0.58-0.89 times, 51.3%-74.0% times, 0.028-0.101, soil leaching amount of calcium. Soil pH, alkalinity (ESP) were decreased by 3%-14% 0.10-0.36, a unit of 66.7%-83.6%.B gypsum on coastal saline alkali soil improvement effect is better than that of A gypsum, the reason for the dissolution rate of impurity B gypsum less and higher calcium. (3) the desulfurization gypsum improvement of coastal saline alkali soil field Among the experiments. The practical engineering effect, study the improvement effect of better desulfurization gypsum B showed that the mass ratio of 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5% B gypsum can reduce soil pH below 8, suitable for plant growth, soil pH decreased to a stable period of time, and there was no significant difference between each treatment ratio (P0.05) B; applying gypsum can reduce soil alkalization, soil alkalization degree decreased with the increase ratio of gypsum decreased significantly (P0.05), was significantly reduced with time (P0.05), the ratio of 2.5%, 5% B gypsum can reduce the soil alkalinity below 6%, to achieve non alkalinity levels. Field experiments. The desulfurization gypsum B to improve saline alkali soil is very good. (4) the environmental risk of desulfurization gypsum improvement of seashore saline soil. Focus on the changes of heavy metal desulfurization gypsum soil system, the results show that the desulfurization gypsum soil system, heavy metals As, Cd, Hg easy to soil The soil depth migration, Cr and the redox state of Pb, easy to stay at the surface of the soil. In conclusion, this paper chooses two kinds of desulfurization gypsum (A and B) can be used to improve the saline alkali soil, in which a steel plant in a coal-fired power plant desulfurization gypsum desulfurization gypsum B is better than A, efficiency the dissolution is mainly due to its less impurities and higher calcium ion, the field experiments also confirmed that better desulfurization gypsum B coastal saline alkali soil improvement effect; in the experiment, the desulfurization gypsum B improvement of coastal saline alkali soil without environmental risk. The work of this paper is using the gypsum improved coastal saline soil and provide basic data and related technical support, are of significance to the environment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海應(yīng)用技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S156.42;TQ177.375

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本文編號：1736243