本文選題：人工林　切入點(diǎn)：近自然度　出處：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近自然森林經(jīng)營作為森林可持續(xù)經(jīng)營的經(jīng)營手段之一,以模仿自然、接近自然的方式進(jìn)行森林經(jīng)營,確保了森林具有的多功能性和可持續(xù)性。對人工林進(jìn)行近自然度評價(jià),能夠以一種較為客觀的態(tài)度評估人工林目前的經(jīng)營狀況,結(jié)合評價(jià)結(jié)果,探尋更為科學(xué)有效的人工林經(jīng)營方式,為人工林經(jīng)營提供理論依據(jù)。本文以順昌縣人工林為研究對象,以1996年和2006年兩期順昌縣森林資源二類調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù),選取對順昌縣人工林近自然度有較大影響的因素作為評價(jià)指標(biāo)構(gòu)建順昌縣人工林近自然度評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,并結(jié)合森林資源二類調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果對順昌縣人工林近自然度進(jìn)行評價(jià),主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)以森林資源二類調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),從反映群落結(jié)構(gòu)、群落活力和干擾程度3個(gè)方面出發(fā),選取林分郁閉度、物種多樣性、林種類型、樹種結(jié)構(gòu)、林分齡組、土壤肥力、每畝蓄積、病害危害程度、蟲害危害程度、采伐林木比例和人為火災(zāi)面積11個(gè)指標(biāo)構(gòu)建評價(jià)體系來評價(jià)順昌縣人工林近自然度。(2)采用層次分析法和專家咨詢法確定所構(gòu)建體系的權(quán)重值,運(yùn)用等間距法劃分人工林近自然度評價(jià)等級,將篩選出的11個(gè)指標(biāo)分為定性指標(biāo)和定量指標(biāo)兩類,并對每個(gè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行量化。最后,結(jié)合所構(gòu)建的評價(jià)模型確定順昌縣人工林近自然度等級。(3)順昌縣人工林近自然度評價(jià)結(jié)果表明:順昌縣1996年的人工林近自然度值為0.566,2006年的近自然度值為0.591,兩個(gè)年度均屬于遠(yuǎn)自然群落。從群落結(jié)構(gòu)上看,1996年和2006年順昌縣人工林近自然度值分別為0.444和0.436,均處于遠(yuǎn)自然狀態(tài)。從群落活力上看,1996年順昌縣人工林近自然度值為0.534,屬于遠(yuǎn)自然狀態(tài),2006年為0.605,達(dá)到半自然狀態(tài)。從干擾程度上看,1996年和2006年近自然度值分別為0.962和0.971,均屬于近自然狀態(tài)。(4)根據(jù)評價(jià)結(jié)果,結(jié)合順昌縣當(dāng)前人工林經(jīng)營狀況提出適合順昌縣人工林近自然度經(jīng)營的技術(shù)措施,給順昌縣人工林可持續(xù)經(jīng)營提供理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:As one of the management methods of forest sustainable management, near-natural forest management can ensure the multifunctional and sustainable forest management by imitating nature and approaching nature.The near natural degree evaluation of artificial forest can evaluate the current management situation of plantation with a more objective attitude, combining with the evaluation result, to explore a more scientific and effective plantation management mode, and to provide a theoretical basis for plantation management.In this paper, the artificial forest in Shunchang County is taken as the research object, and the data of the second type of forest resources survey in Shunchang County in 1996 and 2006 are taken as the basis.The factors which have great influence on the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County are selected as the evaluation indexes to construct the evaluation index system of the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County.Combined with the statistical results of the second type forest resources survey data, the near natural degree of the plantations in Shunchang County was evaluated. The main results were as follows: 1) based on the forest resources survey data, the community structure was reflected.Three aspects of community vigor and disturbance degree were selected, such as canopy density, species diversity, forest species type, tree species structure, stand age group, soil fertility, accumulation per mu, degree of disease damage, degree of pest damage.In order to evaluate the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County, the weight of the system was determined by the analytic hierarchy process and the expert consultation method.The evaluation grade of near-naturalness of artificial forest was classified by equal distance method, 11 indexes were divided into qualitative index and quantitative index, and each index was quantified.Finally,According to the evaluation model, the near naturality degree of the plantations in Shunchang County is determined. 3) the results show that the near naturality degree of the plantations in Shunchang County is 0.566 in 1996 and 0.591in 2006.The degree belongs to the distant natural community.In terms of community structure, the near naturalness of the plantations in Shunchang County in 1996 and 2006 were 0.444 and 0.436, respectively, which were both in the distant nature state.In terms of community vigor, the near natural degree of the plantations in Shunchang County in 1996 was 0.534, belonging to the distant natural state, and in 2006 it was 0.605, which reached the semi-natural state.From the point of view of disturbance degree, the near natural degree values of 1996 and 2006 are 0.962 and 0.971respectively, which belong to the near natural state. According to the evaluation results, combined with the current management situation of artificial forest in Shunchang County, the technical measures suitable for the near naturality management of the plantations in Shunchang County are put forward.It provides a theoretical basis for sustainable management of artificial forest in Shunchang County.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S757

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本文編號：1722010