本文選題：番茄　切入點：種植模式　出處：《河北科技師范學院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)在我國南北方廣泛栽培,是我國主要果蔬之一。本文研究了大田栽培和盆栽番茄的生物量、土壤理化性質(zhì)、微生物和酶活性的變化。主要研究結(jié)論如下:1.設(shè)施番茄土壤理化性質(zhì)、微生物、酶活性對連作年限的響應(yīng):隨著連作年限的增加,番茄土壤pH值逐漸減低,電導率、土壤全氮、有機質(zhì)、速效磷、速效鉀含量前6年逐步上升,然后逐年下降。隨連作年限增加微生物數(shù)量呈先上升后下降趨勢,細菌數(shù)量在第6年達到最高值(2.5×108CFU.g-1),真菌數(shù)量在連作7年達到最高值(2.4×105 CFU.g-1)。但細菌與真菌的比值一直呈下降趨勢。過氧化氫酶和脲酶均呈現(xiàn)出先上升再下降的趨勢,過氧化氫酶在連作6年達到最大值(0.87 m L.g-1),脲酶在連作5年達到最大值(2.52mg.g-1)。連作對設(shè)施番茄土壤微生物、土壤理化性質(zhì)和土壤酶活性都有較深影響,特別是連作6-7年,土壤各方面的性質(zhì)都出現(xiàn)極值。2.不同種植模式對土壤理化性質(zhì)、微生物、酶活性及設(shè)施番茄的影響:2.1不同種植模式對土壤理化性質(zhì)的影響土壤pH關(guān)系為間作模式≈輪作模式連作模式,不同種植模式對土壤有機質(zhì)影響不顯著,間作模式、輪作模式略高于連作模式。土壤電導率關(guān)系為間作模式、輪作模式略低于連作模式。土壤速效養(yǎng)分關(guān)系為間作模式≈輪作模式連作模式。2.2不同種植模式對土壤微生物的影響不同種植模式土壤細菌數(shù)量關(guān)系為間作模式輪作模式連作模式,細菌/真菌比值關(guān)系為間作模式輪作模式連作模式。土壤細菌種類關(guān)系為間作模式輪作模式連作模式,土壤真菌種類關(guān)系為間作模式≈輪作模式連作模式。2.3不同種植模式對土壤酶活性的影響間作模式、輪作模式土壤脲酶含量顯著高于連作模式,關(guān)系為間作模式輪作模式連作模式,土壤過氧化氫酶含量關(guān)系為連作模式輪作模式間作模式。2.4不同種植模式對設(shè)施番茄的影響番茄生物量關(guān)系為間作模式輪作模式連作模式,合理種植模式顯著提高番茄生物量。2.5種植前土壤理化性質(zhì)、土壤微生物與設(shè)施番茄生物量相關(guān)性番茄種植前土壤細菌數(shù)量對番茄生物量影響達到極顯著,細菌/真菌比值對根鮮質(zhì)量、根干質(zhì)量影響達到極顯著,對莖葉鮮質(zhì)量、莖葉干質(zhì)量影響達到顯著。2.6設(shè)施番茄種植與土壤理化性質(zhì)、土壤微生物相關(guān)性番茄生物量與土壤速效養(yǎng)分成負相關(guān),土壤過氧化氫酶含量與番茄根鮮質(zhì)量顯著正相關(guān),而土壤脲酶含量與根鮮質(zhì)量為負相關(guān);土壤真菌、細菌數(shù)量與土壤過氧化氫酶含量為負相關(guān),而與土壤脲酶含量成正相關(guān)。2.7土壤理化性質(zhì)與土壤微生物相關(guān)性土壤真菌與速效鉀達到顯著相關(guān),土壤過氧化氫酶與土壤pH值成顯著負相關(guān),與有機質(zhì)含量達到極顯著負相關(guān)。土壤脲酶含量與土壤有機質(zhì)含量顯著負相關(guān),與土壤pH值達到極顯著負相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Lycopersicon esculentum Milli (Lycopersicon esculentum) is widely cultivated in the south and north of China and is one of the main fruits and vegetables in China.The changes of biomass, soil physical and chemical properties, microorganism and enzyme activity of field and pot tomato were studied in this paper.The main conclusions are as follows: 1.Response of soil Physicochemical Properties, microbial and enzyme activities to continuous cropping years: with the increase of continuous cropping years, pH value of tomato soil gradually decreased, electrical conductivity, soil total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus,The content of available potassium increased gradually in the first 6 years and then decreased year by year.The number of bacteria increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of continuous cropping years. The number of bacteria reached the highest value of 2.5 脳 10 8 CFU 路g-1 in the sixth year, and the number of fungi reached the highest value of 2.4 脳 10 5 CFU 路g -1 in 7 years of continuous cropping.But the ratio of bacteria to fungi has been decreasing.Both catalase and urease showed the trend of rising first and then decreasing. Catalase reached the maximum value of 0.87 m 路g -1 路g -1 in 6 years of continuous cropping, and urease reached the maximum value of 2.52 mg 路g -1 路g -1 in 5 years of continuous cropping.Continuous cropping had a deep effect on soil microorganism, soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity, especially for 6 to 7 years of continuous cropping.Effects of different cropping patterns on soil Physicochemical Properties, microbes, enzyme activities and greenhouse Tomato; effects of different cropping patterns on soil Physicochemical Properties;The effects of different cropping patterns on soil organic matter were not significant. The intercropping pattern and rotation model were slightly higher than that of continuous cropping model.The relationship of soil electrical conductivity was intercropping pattern, and rotation pattern was slightly lower than that of continuous cropping model.The relationship of soil available nutrients was: intercropping model 鈮，

本文編號：1703943