本文選題：溫室大棚　切入點(diǎn)：相變材料　出處：《東北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：溫室大棚的發(fā)展緩解了北方冬季蔬菜供應(yīng)壓力,方便了人們的生活,因其經(jīng)濟(jì)、實(shí)用而得到推廣使用,但也存在能源利用率低,環(huán)境污染的問(wèn)題。為了滿足作物生長(zhǎng)所需的溫度,同時(shí)達(dá)到環(huán)保、低碳的目標(biāo),溫室大棚控溫節(jié)能研究越來(lái)越受到重視。本課題將復(fù)合相變材料應(yīng)用于溫室大棚中,達(dá)到控制溫室溫度波動(dòng)幅度的目的,即利用相變材料在特定溫度范圍內(nèi)的熱效應(yīng),將溫室白天多余的熱量轉(zhuǎn)移至夜間,起到調(diào)節(jié)溫度的作用。試驗(yàn)材料為自制六水氯化鈣和加入不同添加劑的六水氯化鈣復(fù)合相變材料以及石蠟和不同配比石蠟石墨粉復(fù)合相變材料。測(cè)量了各材料的相變溫度和相變潛熱;測(cè)試了自制六水氯化鈣和加入不同添加劑的六水氯化鈣復(fù)合相變材料的物理性能;研究了石蠟以及不同配比石蠟石墨粉復(fù)合相變材料的儲(chǔ)(放)熱性能;為研究?jī)煞N復(fù)合相變材料在溫室大棚中的實(shí)際應(yīng)用效果,采用模型試驗(yàn)的方法,測(cè)試了分別加入兩種復(fù)合相變材料的溫室模型和對(duì)比模型的溫控性能。其中,兩個(gè)加入復(fù)合相變材料的溫室模型為相變材料外掛于墻體內(nèi)表面,即在蒸壓粉煤灰多孔磚溫室模型墻體內(nèi)表面分別外掛用自封袋密封的六水氯化鈣復(fù)合相變材料和石蠟石墨粉復(fù)合相變材料,對(duì)比模型為僅采用蒸壓粉煤灰多孔磚的溫室模型。結(jié)果表明:(1)控溫試驗(yàn)采用的相變材料為添加1%硼砂和1%羧甲基纖維素鈉的六水氯化鈣體系和組成為95%的石蠟和5%的石墨粉的石蠟體系。控溫試驗(yàn)用的六水氯化鈣體系相變潛熱為240.1994kJ/kg,相變起始溫度為29.7℃,可降低六水氯化鈣樣品過(guò)冷度至1.3℃,提高相變時(shí)間至28min;石蠟體系,相變潛熱為267.2490kJ/kg,相變起始溫度為23.9℃,減少樣品30.1%的升溫時(shí)間,14.4%的降溫時(shí)間。均符合在溫室中應(yīng)用相變材料的要求。(2)本課題采用建立溫室模型的試驗(yàn)方法。夏季控溫試驗(yàn),添加石蠟體系溫室模型,與對(duì)比溫室模型相比,室內(nèi)溫度最大波幅差為13.9℃,后墻內(nèi)側(cè)溫度最大波幅差為11.5℃。不同熱工條件溫室模型控溫試驗(yàn),添加六水氯化鈣體系溫室模型和石蠟體系溫室模型室內(nèi)溫度波幅比對(duì)比模型分別小3.1℃、6.9℃;后墻內(nèi)側(cè)溫度波幅分別小7.6℃、12.3℃。模擬極端氣候控溫試驗(yàn),添加六水氯化鈣體系溫室模型和石蠟體系溫室模型室內(nèi)溫度波幅比對(duì)比模型分別小5℃、8.1℃;后墻內(nèi)側(cè)溫度波幅分別小3.2℃、3.5℃。綜合試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)可知,添加石蠟體系相變材料的溫室模型控溫效果最好。
[Abstract]:The development of greenhouse vegetables in winter in North China to ease the supply pressure, to facilitate people's lives, because of its economic, practical and widely used, but also has low energy efficiency and environmental pollution. In order to meet the needs of crop growth temperature, while achieving environmental protection, low carbon, energy research has greenhouse temperature control shed more attention. The composite phase change materials used in the greenhouse, to control greenhouse temperature fluctuations to thermal effect namely the use of phase change materials in a specific temperature range, the greenhouse in excess heat transfer to the night, play a role in regulating temperature. The materials were made of six water chloride calcium and adding different additives in six water calcium chloride composite phase change materials and different ratio of paraffin wax and graphite composite phase change materials. The phase transition temperature of each material and phase change latent heat measurement; measuring The physical properties of self-made six water calcium chloride and adding different additives in six water calcium chloride composite phase change materials; study the different ratio of graphite powder and paraffin wax composite phase change material storage (release) thermal properties; for practical application of two kinds of composite phase change material in the greenhouse, using the method of model test the temperature control performance of the greenhouse model and comparison of two models of composite phase change materials added respectively were tested. Among them, two with composite phase change material model for phase change materials in greenhouse external wall surface, namely in autoclaved fly ash brick wall surface model of greenhouse respectively using external bag sealing water six calcium chloride and paraffin composite phase change material graphite composite phase change materials, compared the model only by steam pressure greenhouse model of fly ash porous brick. The results showed that: (1) phase change material temperature control experiment Paraffin system six calcium chloride water system with 1% borax and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and is composed of 95% paraffin and 5% graphite powder. The temperature control experiment with six calcium chloride water system of latent heat is 240.1994kJ/kg, phase transition temperature of 29.7 DEG C, six calcium chloride water samples can reduce the degree of supercooling to 1.3 C, to improve the transformation time of 28min; paraffin system, latent heat is 267.2490kJ/kg, phase transition temperature of 23.9 DEG C, reducing sample 30.1% heating time, cooling time. 14.4% are in line with the application of phase change materials in the greenhouse. (2) the test method of building greenhouse model. Summer temperature control test, add paraffin system of greenhouse model, and compared the greenhouse model, the maximum amplitude of the indoor temperature difference of 13.9 degrees, the temperature inside the wall after the maximum amplitude difference of 11.5 DEG. Different thermal conditions of greenhouse temperature control model test, adding six water calcium chloride 浣撶郴娓╁妯″瀷鍜岀煶铚′綋緋繪俯瀹ゆā鍨嬪鍐呮俯搴︽嘗騫呮瘮瀵規(guī)瘮妯″瀷鍒嗗埆灝，

本文編號(hào)：1615465