本文選題：內(nèi)穩(wěn)性　切入點：生態(tài)化學計量　出處：《吉林大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：吉林西部的松嫩草地曾以水草豐美而聞名,優(yōu)勢種羊草草質(zhì)肥美、生長旺盛,是當?shù)匦竽翗I(yè)發(fā)展的有力支撐。然而,目前該區(qū)的突出表現(xiàn)是:草地鹽堿化嚴重、生產(chǎn)力下降、優(yōu)質(zhì)牧草逐漸被劣質(zhì)牧草和其他植物替代、生態(tài)平衡逆向發(fā)展,對當?shù)匦竽翗I(yè)的發(fā)展和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定造成不可彌補的危害,嚴重限制了該地區(qū)經(jīng)濟、社會、生態(tài)的全面發(fā)展。因此,草地植被的恢復、優(yōu)勢物種的保護以及土壤鹽堿化的改善等工作亟待進行。本文以吉林西部草原優(yōu)勢物種羊草(Leymus chinense)為研究對象,采用氮、磷添加與鹽堿脅迫相交叉的沙培實驗,對羊草進行為期55天的培養(yǎng),并分別測定植物地上及地下生物量的氮、磷含量。利用生態(tài)化學計量學的相關(guān)理論,以植物內(nèi)穩(wěn)性為突破點,研究羊草地上、地下部分的氮、磷含量以及氮磷比與相對應基質(zhì)中的氮、磷濃度以及氮磷比之間的關(guān)系。同時借助內(nèi)穩(wěn)性模型,對植物的內(nèi)穩(wěn)性進行計算和比較,分析在不同堿性環(huán)境中,羊草地上、地下部分的內(nèi)穩(wěn)性特征。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)濃度為2~16mmol/L的N添加會促進植物對P的吸收,而P添加對于植物對N的吸收沒有明顯促進作用。(2)高濃度的N、P添加(N24mmol/L、P4.8mmol/L),以及pH9.1的強堿性環(huán)境均不利于羊草對營養(yǎng)元素的吸收。(3)羊草在pH8.4的弱堿性環(huán)境以及8N24mmol/L的氮濃度下可以對地上、地下的營養(yǎng)元素進行合理分配。(4)在不同鹽堿條件下,羊草地上部分N、P元素及其比值的內(nèi)穩(wěn)性普遍高于地下部分。(5)在不同鹽堿條件下,羊草地上部分HNHP,而地下部分HPHN,說明羊草地上部分的生長主要取決于N,而地下部分主要受P影響。(6)在pH=7-9.8環(huán)境下,羊草地上部分的內(nèi)穩(wěn)性指數(shù)范圍為4.45-12.93;而地下部分HN和HN:P(+N)在pH9.1時不再符合內(nèi)穩(wěn)性模型。說明羊草長期受高強度鹽堿脅迫,根系內(nèi)穩(wěn)性比地上部分反應更敏感。
[Abstract]:The Songnen grassland in the west of Jilin Province was once famous for its abundance and beauty of water grass. It is a strong support for the development of local animal husbandry. However, at present, the prominent performance of this area is that the grassland salinization is serious and the productivity is declining. The high quality forage was gradually replaced by inferior forage and other plants, and the ecological balance developed inversely, which caused irreparable harm to the development of the local animal husbandry and the stability of the ecosystem, and severely restricted the economy and society of the region. Therefore, the restoration of grassland vegetation, the protection of dominant species and the improvement of soil salinization are urgently needed. The cultivation of Leymus chinensis was carried out for 55 days, and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of aboveground and underground biomass of plants were determined by the sand culture experiment of phosphorus addition and saline-alkali stress. The relevant theory of ecochemometrics was used. Taking plant internal stability as the breakthrough point, the relationship between nitrogen, phosphorus content and the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in the underground part of sheep grassland and the nitrogen, phosphorus concentration and nitrogen / phosphorus ratio in the corresponding substrate was studied. At the same time, the internal stability model was used to study the relationship between nitrogen, phosphorus and nitrogen / phosphorus ratio. The internal stability of plants was calculated and compared, and the characteristics of internal stability in sheep grasslands in different alkaline environments were analyzed. The results showed that the addition of N at the concentration of 2o 16 mmol / L promoted the uptake of P by plants. But P addition has no significant effect on N uptake by plants. (2) the high concentration of NNP + N 24 mmol / L (P 4. 8 mmol / L) and the strong alkaline environment of pH9.1 are not conducive to the absorption of nutrient elements by Leymus chinensis in the weak alkaline environment of pH8.4 and the nitrogen concentration of 8 N 24 mmol / L of Leymus chinensis in the weak alkaline environment. The degree can be opposite to the ground, Under different saline-alkali conditions, the internal stability of some NP-elements and their ratios in sheep grassland was generally higher than that in underground part. 5) under different saline-alkali conditions, the internal stability of NNP and its ratio in sheep grassland was higher than that in underground part. The growth of the aboveground part of Leymus chinensis was mainly dependent on N, while the underground part was mainly affected by P in pH=7-9.8 environment. The range of internal stability index of sheep grassland was 4.45-12.93, but HN and HN: P (N) in the underground part were not consistent with the internal stability model during pH9.1. The results showed that the internal stability of root system was more sensitive than that of the aboveground part under high salinity and alkali stress for a long time.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S543.9

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