本文選題：旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭　切入點(diǎn)：散水齒　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭由于具有射程遠(yuǎn),噴灌均勻性高及抗風(fēng)性強(qiáng)等諸多優(yōu)點(diǎn),所以越來越多地應(yīng)用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。深入研究旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭水滴直徑分布、動(dòng)能分布和水量分布等規(guī)律對(duì)提高噴頭噴灑質(zhì)量有重要意義。本文通過試驗(yàn)研究了旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭噴灑水滴分布特性,建立了噴灑水滴運(yùn)動(dòng)模型,最后掌握了不同風(fēng)速范圍下水量分布規(guī)律及模型。本文主要研究成果如下:(1)對(duì)旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭水滴直徑和動(dòng)能分布規(guī)律進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究,分析了散水齒、噴嘴直徑對(duì)水滴直徑、動(dòng)能分布的影響規(guī)律,并建立了相應(yīng)模型。結(jié)果表明:散水齒對(duì)射程中段的水滴平均直徑影響較大,對(duì)射程初始段和末段水滴平均直徑影響較小;散水齒使末端水滴平均直徑范圍變小,使同一段距離的單位體積動(dòng)能增加幅度變大。無散水齒時(shí),近噴頭處,噴嘴直徑對(duì)水滴平均直徑和動(dòng)能強(qiáng)度影響較小;在噴頭射程末端處,噴嘴直徑對(duì)水滴平均直徑和動(dòng)能強(qiáng)度影響較大;有散水齒時(shí),噴嘴直徑對(duì)沿徑向水滴平均直徑分布和動(dòng)能強(qiáng)度影響較小。建立相關(guān)模型的擬合系數(shù)均大于0.90。(2)提出了空氣阻力模型、彈道軌跡模型、噴灑速度及射程模型和水滴蒸發(fā)模型綜合條件下的水滴運(yùn)動(dòng)的仿真方法。采用Park公式計(jì)算空氣阻力系數(shù)C,結(jié)合牛頓第二定律得到適用于旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭的彈道軌跡模型。在靜止條件下水滴蒸發(fā)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,引入折算薄膜概念推導(dǎo)出運(yùn)動(dòng)條件下水滴蒸發(fā)模型。通過試驗(yàn)建立了有散水齒條件下旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭水滴速度和噴灑射程模型,模型擬合系數(shù)均在0.80以上。綜合上述模型,提出了模擬水滴運(yùn)動(dòng)及分布仿真方法。(3)通過試驗(yàn)研究了不同風(fēng)速下布置方式、噴嘴直徑、工作壓力、安裝高度和噴頭間距對(duì)組合噴灌均勻性的影響。結(jié)果表明:不同風(fēng)速下,矩形布置均比三角形布置更適用于實(shí)際工程;噴頭間距對(duì)組合噴灌均勻性影響較大。低風(fēng)速和中風(fēng)速下,工作壓力和噴嘴直徑對(duì)組合噴灌均勻性有顯著影響,安裝高度對(duì)組合噴灌均勻性影響較小。高風(fēng)速下,噴頭的組合噴灌均勻系數(shù)小于75%,說明該噴頭不宜在高風(fēng)速下工作。不同風(fēng)速下,壓力為250kPa以下時(shí),組合噴灌均勻系數(shù)隨著風(fēng)速的增大而減小。(4)分析了不同風(fēng)速下點(diǎn)噴灌強(qiáng)度變化規(guī)律,建立了不同風(fēng)速下水量分布模型。結(jié)果表明:低風(fēng)速下,隨著距噴頭距離的增加,點(diǎn)噴灌強(qiáng)度在近噴頭范圍內(nèi)逐漸增高,末端會(huì)出現(xiàn)驟降的現(xiàn)象;工作壓力和噴嘴直徑等影響因素會(huì)產(chǎn)生交互作用。中風(fēng)速下,總體上點(diǎn)噴灌強(qiáng)度隨著距噴頭距離的增加先增加后降低。不同條件下,點(diǎn)噴灌強(qiáng)度峰值都出現(xiàn)在射程的后半段。高風(fēng)速下,隨著距噴頭距離增加,點(diǎn)噴灌強(qiáng)度呈鋸齒狀波動(dòng)。低風(fēng)速和中風(fēng)速下水量分布模型擬合系數(shù)均為0.90以上,為旋轉(zhuǎn)式阻尼噴頭在工程應(yīng)用中提供了參考。
[Abstract]:The rotary damping sprinkler has many advantages, such as long range, high uniformity of sprinkler irrigation and strong wind resistance, so it is more and more used in agricultural production. The distribution of kinetic energy and water is of great significance to the improvement of spray quality. In this paper, the spray droplet distribution characteristics of rotary damping sprinkler are studied experimentally, and the spray droplet motion model is established. Finally, the distribution law and model of water volume in different wind speed range are grasped. The main research results in this paper are as follows: 1) the distribution of water droplet diameter and kinetic energy of rotary damping nozzle is studied experimentally, and the distribution of water droplet diameter and nozzle diameter to water droplet diameter are analyzed. The influence of kinetic energy distribution on the average diameter of water droplets in the middle part of range is greater than that in the initial and final stages of range. The mean diameter range of the water droplets at the end decreases and the kinetic energy per unit volume increases at the same distance. When there is no dispersed water teeth, the nozzle diameter has little effect on the average diameter and kinetic energy intensity of the water droplets near the nozzle. At the end of the nozzle range, the nozzle diameter has a great influence on the average diameter and kinetic energy intensity of water droplets. The nozzle diameter has little effect on the average diameter distribution and kinetic energy intensity along radial water droplets. The fitting coefficients of the relevant models are all greater than 0.90.2.) the air resistance model and trajectory model are proposed. The simulation method of droplet movement under the conditions of spray velocity and range model and droplet evaporation model is presented. The air drag coefficient C is calculated by Park formula, and the trajectory suitable for rotary damping sprinkler is obtained by combining Newton's second law. Trace model. Based on the evaporation model of water droplets under static conditions, The model of water droplet evaporation under moving conditions is derived by introducing the concept of reduced film. The model of droplet velocity and spray range of rotary damped sprinkler head under the condition of scattered water teeth is established through experiments. The fitting coefficient of the model is above 0.80. The simulation method of water droplet movement and distribution is put forward. The effects of different wind speed arrangement, nozzle diameter, working pressure, installation height and nozzle spacing on the uniformity of combined sprinkler irrigation are studied experimentally. The rectangular arrangement is more suitable than the triangular arrangement for practical projects, the space between the sprinklers has a greater effect on the uniformity of the combined sprinkler irrigation, and the working pressure and nozzle diameter have significant effects on the uniformity of the combined sprinkler irrigation under the low and medium wind speeds. The installation height has little effect on the uniformity of combined sprinkler irrigation. Under high wind speed, the uniformity coefficient of combined sprinkler nozzle is less than 75, which indicates that the nozzle is not suitable for working under high wind speed. Under different wind speed, the pressure is below 250kPa, The uniform coefficient of combined sprinkler irrigation decreases with the increase of wind speed. (4) the variation law of sprinkler intensity under different wind speed is analyzed, and the distribution model of water volume of different wind speed is established. The results show that under low wind speed, with the increase of distance from sprinkler head, The intensity of sprinkler irrigation increases gradually in the range of near sprinkler head, the phenomenon of sudden drop will occur at the end of the sprinkler, the influence factors such as working pressure and nozzle diameter will interact. Under different conditions, the peak value of sprinkler intensity appears in the second half of the range. At high wind speed, with the increase of the distance from the sprinkler head, the peak value of the point sprinkler intensity increases with the increase of the distance from the sprinkler head. The distribution coefficient of low wind speed and middle wind speed is above 0.90, which provides a reference for the application of rotary damping sprinkler.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S277.94

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