發(fā)布時間：2018-03-09 14:13

  本文選題：樹高　切入點：測高器　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：測高器是森林調(diào)查中不可缺少的基礎(chǔ)工具和重要工具。在現(xiàn)有測高器中,樹高速測尺因其具有良好的測量精度和靈活的使用方法受到業(yè)內(nèi)人士的認可,但目前仍然存在著尺身過長、攜帶不便的問題,本論文針對樹高速測尺的這一問題,通過尺身套疊、折疊以及彎曲盤旋等方式進行改進性設(shè)計,進而實現(xiàn)了該尺易用性和便攜性的有效統(tǒng)一,其主要研究成果如下:(1)套疊式樹高速測尺整尺基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下:可伸縮的上、中、下三部分尺身以及三部分尺身之間控制伸縮的按鈕和可沿下尺身上下游動并能固定于下尺身上的兩個移動尺腳。上尺身為實心結(jié)構(gòu),中尺身和下尺身為中空結(jié)構(gòu),上尺身可在控制按鈕的控制下縮入中尺身,中尺身可在控制按鈕的控制下縮入下尺身,最終可套疊為下尺身的長度。上尺身頂部有用于操作的手持孔,下尺身底部還有防止尺腳脫落的防脫凸起,其整體尺身上標(biāo)有讀取樹高的測高刻度。(2)折疊式樹高速測尺整尺基本結(jié)構(gòu)如下:可旋轉(zhuǎn)折疊的上、中、下三部分尺身,其中上尺身為實心結(jié)構(gòu),中尺身和下尺身皆為槽形結(jié)構(gòu),該槽形結(jié)構(gòu)類似于折疊鉛筆刀的刀柄設(shè)計。三段尺身之間通過轉(zhuǎn)軸連接,在進行折疊存放時,上尺可圍繞上轉(zhuǎn)軸轉(zhuǎn)動折入中尺內(nèi),中尺可圍繞下轉(zhuǎn)軸轉(zhuǎn)動折入下尺內(nèi),最終整尺折疊為下尺的長度。在尺身交接的部分設(shè)計有校準尺身伸直的校準孔,在中尺身和下尺身下部設(shè)計有方便尺身伸直的弧形開口,整體尺身上還設(shè)計有讀取樹高的刻度值、固定尺腳和手持孔。(3)盒式樹高速測尺整尺共有三部分組成:測尺、尺頸和尺盒。測尺采用可以彎曲纏繞的柔性材質(zhì),測尺結(jié)構(gòu)的正面和反面分別標(biāo)注有測高刻度和測距刻度,可實現(xiàn)測高和測距兩種功能。尺頸內(nèi)部安裝有控制測尺收放的制動裝置和平衡整尺重心的平衡裝置。尺盒內(nèi)部的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是發(fā)條彈簧殼體結(jié)構(gòu),發(fā)條彈簧殼體內(nèi)部儲存有發(fā)條彈簧,外部用于纏繞存放測尺,在尺盒外部設(shè)計有固定尺腳結(jié)構(gòu)。(4)鏈條式樹高速測尺整尺共由四部分組成:尺蓋、尺鏈、中心盤和尺盒。尺蓋和尺盒部分主要用于儲存尺鏈結(jié)構(gòu)。尺鏈結(jié)構(gòu)由鏈環(huán)、環(huán)釘和刻度墜構(gòu)成,鏈環(huán)為圓環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu),環(huán)釘為帶有尾部螺絲的圓環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu),刻度墜為三棱柱結(jié)構(gòu)用于刻制刻度值和刻度線。中心盤結(jié)構(gòu)用于連接尺鏈和尺盒裝置,并且中心盤上還有通氣孔結(jié)構(gòu),通氣孔的設(shè)計可使尺鏈收入尺盒更加順暢。以上四種樹高速測尺的設(shè)計都是在專利號為ZL2009102564050的樹高速測尺基礎(chǔ)上完成的,但是與原尺相比,新設(shè)計在保持原尺測量性能的基礎(chǔ)上,均可在非工作狀態(tài)下有效縮短尺身長度,便于野外攜帶和使用,因此新設(shè)計比原尺有了更好的實用價值和推廣價值。
[Abstract]:The altimeter is an indispensable basic tool and important tool in forest survey. Among the existing altimeters, the tree high speed measuring scale is recognized by the industry because of its good measuring accuracy and flexible use methods. However, there are still the problems of too long ruler body and inconvenient carrying. This paper aims at the problem of high speed measuring scale of tree, and improves the design by means of folding, folding and bending and hovering, and so on. The main research results are as follows: (1) the basic structure of the high speed measuring ruler of the nested tree is as follows: the scalable upper, the middle, the middle, the upper, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower, the lower. The bottom three parts of the ruler body and the three parts of the ruler body control telescopic buttons and two movable feet that can swim under the lower ruler body and can be fixed to the lower ruler body. The upper ruler is a solid structure, the middle ruler body and the lower ruler are hollow structures, The upper ruler body can be retracted into the middle ruler body under the control of the control button, the middle ruler body can be retracted into the lower ruler body under the control of the control button, and finally the length of the lower ruler body can be set to the length of the lower ruler body. The top of the upper ruler body has a handheld hole for operation, The bottom of the bottom of the lower ruler also has a protuberance to prevent the foot from falling off. The whole ruler is marked with a height scale of reading tree height. The basic structure of the folding tree high speed measuring ruler is as follows: the top, middle, and lower parts of the body can be rotated and folded. The upper ruler is a solid structure, the middle ruler body and the lower ruler body are groove structure, the groove structure is similar to the knife handle design of the folding pencil knife. The upper ruler can be rotated around the upper axis into the middle ruler, the middle ruler can rotate around the lower axis and fold into the lower ruler, and finally the entire ruler can be folded into the length of the lower ruler. A calibration hole for straightening the body of the ruler is designed in the part of the joint of the ruler and body. An arc opening is designed in the middle and the lower part of the ruler, and the whole ruler is also designed to read the calibration value of the tree height. The fixed foot and the handheld hole. 3) the boxed tree high speed measuring ruler consists of three parts: the measuring scale, The ruler is made of a flexible material that can be bent and wound. The front and the opposite of the ruler structure are marked with the height scale and the ranging scale, respectively. The inner part of the ulnar neck is equipped with a brake device for controlling the ruler's retracement and discharge and a balance device for balancing the center of gravity of the whole ruler. The main structure of the ruler box is the spring spring shell structure. The inside of the shell of the spring spring is stored with the spring spring, the outer part is used for winding and storing the measuring ruler, and the outside of the ruler box is designed with a fixed ruler foot structure. 4) the chain tree high speed measuring ruler is composed of four parts: the ruler cover, the ruler chain, The central disk and the ruler box. The ruler cover and the ruler box are mainly used to store the ruler chain structure. The ruler chain structure consists of a chain ring, a ring nail and a scale drop. The chain ring is a ring structure, and the ring nail is a ring structure with a rear screw. The center disk structure is used to connect the ruler chain to the ruler box device, and the central disk has an air hole structure on the center disk. The design of the ventilation hole can make the ruler chain income ruler box more smooth. The design of the four kinds of tree high speed ruler mentioned above is completed on the basis of the tree high speed ruler with patent number ZL2009102564050, but compared with the original ruler, the new design is based on maintaining the measuring performance of the original ruler. Both of them can effectively shorten the length of the ruler in the non-working state and are easy to carry and use in the field, so the new design has better practical value and popularizing value than the original ruler.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S758.7

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李亞東;馮仲科;曹明蘭;鄭帆;;Android智能手機樹高測量APP開發(fā)與試驗[J];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)學(xué)報;2016年10期

2 周克瑜;汪云珍;李記;姜廣宇;徐愛俊;;基于Android平臺的測樹系統(tǒng)研究與實現(xiàn)[J];南京林業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2016年04期

3 張琳原;馮仲科;曹愛松;黃曉東;;電子測樹儀用于單木測量誤差分析研究[J];測繪通報;2015年08期

4 李欣陽;董斌;李鑫;錢國英;汪慶;盛書薇;楊少文;汪濤;;樹高精準化測量原理與模型及其精度研究[J];中國農(nóng)學(xué)通報;2014年19期

5 趙芳;馮仲科;高祥;鄭君;王智超;;樹冠遮擋條件下全站儀測量樹高及材積方法[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2014年02期

6 邢浩;李昀;潘遠明;陳名騰;;一種林業(yè)手持式多功能測樹儀設(shè)計[J];傳感器與微系統(tǒng);2014年01期

7 王智超;馮仲科;閆飛;馬天;鄭君;王明玉;;全站儀測樹的內(nèi)外業(yè)一體化方法研究[J];西北林學(xué)院學(xué)報;2013年06期

8 劉發(fā)林;曾思齊;鄢前飛;王龍;洪凌飛;;數(shù)字式多功能測樹儀的研制[J];中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)學(xué)報;2012年04期

9 何誠;馮仲科;袁進軍;王佳;董志海;鞏垠熙;;基于數(shù)字高程模型的樹木三維體積測量[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報;2012年08期

10 侯紅亞;王立海;徐華東;宋世全;孫天用;;目測法估測樹高的誤差分析[J];森林工程;2012年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前9條

1 陳金星;便攜式測樹儀的研制及應(yīng)用研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 樊仲謀;攝影測樹原理與技術(shù)方法研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

3 高祥;森林資源調(diào)查監(jiān)測信息化技術(shù)方法研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

4 趙芳;測樹因子遙感獲取方法研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

5 閆飛;森林資源調(diào)查技術(shù)與方法研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

6 徐偉恒;手持式超站測樹儀研制及功能測試研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2014年

7 曹輝;智能空中三角測量中若干關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的研究[D];武漢大學(xué);2013年

8 何誠;森林精準計測關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

9 李建華;基于三角原理的森林測高器研制與應(yīng)用[D];山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前8條

1 解明星;MINI測樹超站儀的研制與技術(shù)應(yīng)用研究[D];哈爾濱師范大學(xué);2016年

2 葉添雄;新型國產(chǎn)測樹儀在基本測樹因子測量中的應(yīng)用[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

3 邱梓軒;森林植被觀測裝備研制與觀測方法研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

4 邢浩;林業(yè)用便攜式多功能測量工具的研究與實現(xiàn)[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

5 董志海;基于超站儀的森林計測技術(shù)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

6 閆偉;履帶式車載激光樹高測量儀的設(shè)計與研究[D];東北林業(yè)大學(xué);2012年

7 隋宏大;樹高測量綜合技術(shù)比較研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

8 聶偉;單張相片近景攝影測樹技術(shù)研究[D];北京林業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號：1588880