本文選題：阿維菌素　切入點：胃腸道線蟲　出處：《內蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：家畜疫病包括傳染病和寄生蟲病,其對養(yǎng)殖業(yè)危害很大。就羊而言,梭菌性疾病和胃腸道線蟲病是通常極易發(fā)生的疫病。羊梭菌性疾病以發(fā)病急、病程短、死亡率高為主要特征,防控的主要措施為免疫接種;而對胃腸道線蟲病則主要是利用阿維菌素類藥物來進行防治。目前,對這兩種疾病的防控通常分別進行,這不僅帶來諸多不便和麻煩,還會浪費不少財力、物力和人力。因此,研制一種既能預防羊梭菌性疾病,又可以驅殺胃腸道線蟲的復合制劑,具有廣闊應用前景和實際意義。本研究以疫苗的稀釋劑為水基制備阿維菌素水乳劑,進行羊梭菌病多聯(lián)干粉滅活疫苗-阿維菌素復合制劑的制備,并對復合制劑的相關指標進行評估。首先,為了解羊的胃腸道線蟲病感染情況,在烏審旗地區(qū)進行了寄生蟲病流行病學調查。結果顯示,線蟲卵感染率平均為56.6%,平均感染強度克糞便蟲卵數(shù)(E PG)達到1089,最高感染強度為14200。通過對單一溶媒、復合溶媒、復合乳化劑、抗凍劑及增稠劑的篩選,成功制備了性質穩(wěn)定的阿維菌素水乳劑,并對阿維菌素水乳劑和復合制劑的質量進行了檢測,均符合要求。然后,進行了復合制劑毒性試驗、刺激性實驗、血清中阿維菌素含量檢測及臨床驅蟲實驗。結果顯示,復合制劑半數(shù)致死量LD50=12.75mg/kg,對受試動物皮膚刺激性小、肝腎無損害;阿維菌素濃度在給藥后24 h最高,驅蟲效果明顯,證明復合制劑中的疫苗及其他化學成分并未影響阿維菌素的作用效果。最后,通過血清中和試驗對復合制劑的羊梭菌性疾病免疫效力進行測定,證明符合疫苗要求,阿維菌素水乳劑并沒有影響羊梭菌病多聯(lián)干粉滅活疫苗的免疫效果。
[Abstract]:Domestic animal diseases include infectious and parasitic diseases, which are very harmful to the breeding industry. In sheep, Clostridium and gastrointestinal nematode disease are the most common diseases. The disease is acute and the course of disease is short. The high mortality rate is the main characteristic, the main measure of prevention and control is immunization, while the main prevention and control of gastrointestinal nematode is the use of avermectin. At present, the prevention and control of these two diseases are usually carried out separately. This will not only bring inconvenience and trouble, but also waste a lot of money, material resources and manpower. Therefore, we can develop a compound preparation that can not only prevent the disease of Clostridium sheep, but also kill the gastrointestinal nematode. In this study, abamectin water emulsion was prepared by using diluent of vaccine as water base, and the preparation of multiplex dry powder inactivated vaccine of Clostridium sheep's disease and abamectin compound preparation was carried out. First of all, in order to understand the situation of gastrointestinal nematode infection in sheep, an epidemiological survey of parasitic diseases was carried out in Wushenqi area. The average infection rate was 56. 6%, the average infection intensity was 1089 and the highest infection intensity was 1 4200. The single solvent, compound solvent, compound emulsifier, antifreeze and thickener were screened. The stable abamectin emulsion was successfully prepared, and the quality of abamectin emulsion and compound preparation were tested, which met the requirements. Then, the toxicity test and irritation test of compound preparation were carried out. The detection of abamectin content in serum and the clinical experiment of insect repellent showed that LD500.75mg / kg of LD50mg / kg had little irritation to skin, no damage to liver and kidney, and the concentration of avermectin was the highest at 24 h after administration, and the effect of insect repellent was obvious. It was proved that the vaccine and other chemical components in the compound preparation did not affect the effect of avermectin. Finally, the immune efficacy of the compound preparation was determined by serum neutralization test, and the results showed that the vaccine met the requirements of the vaccine. Avermectin water emulsion did not affect the immune efficacy of the inactivated multiplex dry powder vaccine against Clostridium suis.
【學位授予單位】：內蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S859.5

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本文編號：1563898