本文選題：厚皮甜瓜　切入點(diǎn)：采前噴灑　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：厚皮甜瓜屬典型躍變型果實(shí),果實(shí)采后代謝旺盛,易發(fā)生軟化變質(zhì)。本文以“瑪瑙”厚皮甜瓜為試材,采用400mg/L Stroby、100mg/L苯丙噻重氮(BTH)以及1mM水楊羥肟酸(SHAM)分別在甜瓜果實(shí)幼果期(花后2周)、膨大前期(花后3周)、膨大后期(花后4周)及采前48h四個(gè)時(shí)期連續(xù)噴施4次,分析果實(shí)發(fā)育期間細(xì)胞壁代謝關(guān)鍵酶及組分的變化,測(cè)定采收及冷藏期間失重率、硬度、細(xì)胞壁組分、細(xì)胞壁降解酶活性及相關(guān)基因的表達(dá),從生理生化和分子水平探討Stroby、BTH和SHAM處理對(duì)果實(shí)發(fā)育期間細(xì)胞壁強(qiáng)化及采后軟化的影響。結(jié)果表明:1.Stroby和BTH處理提高了果實(shí)發(fā)育期間細(xì)胞壁代謝酶蔗糖合成酶(SuSy)活性,促進(jìn)了CmSuSy和CmCASE基因表達(dá),增加了果實(shí)CDTA可溶性果膠(CSP)、碳酸鈉可溶性果膠(DASP)、纖維素、半纖維素、富含羥脯氨酸蛋白(HRGPs)和木質(zhì)素含量,促進(jìn)了細(xì)胞壁物質(zhì)的合成。2.Stroby和BTH處理降低了果實(shí)的采后失重率,維持了果實(shí)采收及冷藏期間的硬度,延緩了冷藏期間原果膠向水溶性果膠(WSP)的轉(zhuǎn)化,維持了較高的CSP、DASP、纖維素、半纖維素、HRGPs和木質(zhì)素水平,抑制了果實(shí)的采后軟化。3.Stroby和BTH處理抑制了果膠甲酯酶(PME)、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、纖維素酶(Cx)和β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-Glu)的活性,降低了CmPME、CmPG和CmCx的表達(dá),阻止了細(xì)胞壁物質(zhì)的釋放,進(jìn)而有效維持冷藏期間甜瓜果實(shí)硬度。4.Stroby和BTH處理誘導(dǎo)了果實(shí)POD活性及基因表達(dá),提高了POD同工酶譜帶活性。Stroby和BTH處理增加了H2O2含量,促進(jìn)了H2O2在細(xì)胞壁中累積。此外,POD抑制劑SHAM抑制了Stroby和BTH誘導(dǎo)的H2O2積累,降低了POD活性及基因表達(dá),弱化了細(xì)胞壁交聯(lián)。綜上所述,果實(shí)發(fā)育期間Stroby和BTH多次噴灑可提高厚皮甜瓜細(xì)胞壁代謝相關(guān)酶活性及相對(duì)基因的表達(dá),促進(jìn)細(xì)胞壁物質(zhì)的合成,提高果實(shí)的細(xì)胞壁強(qiáng)度。此外,采前Stroby和BTH處理還可降低細(xì)胞壁降解酶活性及相對(duì)基因的表達(dá),阻止了細(xì)胞壁物質(zhì)的釋放,維持了采收及冷藏期間的硬度,抑制了厚皮甜瓜果實(shí)的采后軟化。
[Abstract]:Muskmelon is a typical type of fruit with high metabolism after harvest and easy to soften and deteriorate. In this paper, "agate" muskmelon was used as the test material. 400 mg / L Strobyn 100 mg / L benzothiazepine (BTH) and 1 mm salicyloxime acid (SHAM) were sprayed continuously at four stages of muskmelon fruit (2 weeks after anthesis, 3 weeks after anthesis, 4 weeks after anthesis) and 48 h before harvest, respectively. The changes of key enzymes and components of cell wall metabolism during fruit development were analyzed. The weight loss rate, hardness, cell wall components, cell wall degradation enzyme activity and the expression of related genes were determined during harvest and cold storage. The effects of SHAM and SHAM treatment on cell wall enhancement and postharvest softening during fruit development were studied at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. The results showed that 1. Stroby and BTH treatments increased the activity of sucrose synthase during fruit development. It promoted the expression of CmSuSy and CmCASE genes, and increased the contents of CDTA soluble pectin, sodium carbonate soluble pectin, cellulose, hemicellulose, hydroxyproline rich protein and lignin. Stroby and BTH treatments decreased the weight loss rate of fruit, maintained the hardness of fruit during harvest and cold storage, delayed the transformation of original pectin to water-soluble pectin during cold storage, and maintained a high level of CSP DASP, cellulose. HRGPs and lignin levels of hemicellulose inhibited postharvest softening. 3. Stroby and BTH treatments inhibited the activities of PMEM, PGN, CXand 尾 -Glusidase (尾 -Gluidase), and decreased the expression of CmPMECmPG and CmCx. The cell wall material release was prevented, and the fruit firmness. 4. Stroby and BTH treatments induced the activity of POD and gene expression, and increased the activity of POD isozyme band. Stroby and BTH treatment increased the content of H2O2. In addition, SHAM inhibited H _ 2O _ 2 accumulation induced by Stroby and BTH, decreased POD activity and gene expression, and weakened cell wall cross-linking. Multiple spraying of Stroby and BTH during fruit development can increase the activity of enzymes related to cell wall metabolism and the expression of relative genes in muskmelon, promote the synthesis of cell wall substances and enhance the cell wall strength of fruit. Pretreatment with Stroby and BTH also decreased cell wall degradation enzyme activity and relative gene expression, prevented cell wall material release, maintained hardness during harvest and cold storage, and inhibited postharvest softening of thick muskmelon fruit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S652;TS255.3

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