本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高寒地區(qū) 城鄉(xiāng)綠化 土壤增溫 栽培基質(zhì)　出處：《青海大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：青藏高原的生態(tài)問題日益受到人們的關(guān)注,為了保證高寒極端氣候地區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)綠化樹木的成活率,促進(jìn)林木生長。本研究以青海省天峻縣為研究區(qū),采用自控溫電熱帶土壤增溫系統(tǒng)增加土壤溫度,通過不同增溫時間、不同增溫梯度以及不同栽培基質(zhì)配比的試驗研究樹木成活及生長,結(jié)果表明:1.增溫時間:在6月7日開始增溫榆葉梅、青楊、紫丁香、青海云杉的成活率達(dá)到最高,花葉海棠的成活率則在6月14日開始增溫達(dá)到最高;6月7日增溫榆葉梅、青海云杉和花葉海棠的生長量的增長率最大,6月1日開始增溫紫丁香、青楊生長量的增長率最大。2.增溫梯度:在土壤增溫4℃±1℃時,榆葉梅、青楊和青海云杉的成活率都較其他處理高,而花葉海棠,紫丁香在3℃±1℃時成活率較其他處理高。在促進(jìn)樹木生長上,土壤增溫4℃±1℃時相對于其他處理對青楊、榆葉梅、紫丁香的生長為最佳處理,3℃±1℃時處理則相對于其他處理對青海云杉和花葉海棠的生長的促進(jìn)作用最大。3.基質(zhì)配比:采用森林土:泥炭土:腐熟羊糞:本土為1:1:1:2的配比下榆葉梅,花葉海棠的成活率都較其他處理高,而紫丁香、青海云杉與青楊在泥炭土:珍珠巖:腐熟羊糞:本土為2:1:1:2的配比下成活率較其他處理高。在促進(jìn)樹木生長上,泥炭土:珍珠巖:腐熟羊糞:本土為2:1:1:2的處理相對于其他處理對青楊、紫丁香的生長為最佳處理,森林土:泥炭土:腐熟羊糞:本土為1:1:1:2的處理則相對于其他處理對榆葉梅、青海云杉和花葉海棠的生長的促進(jìn)作用最佳。綜合以上結(jié)果,在高寒地區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)綠化造林中采用自控溫土壤增溫系統(tǒng)于6月7日開始進(jìn)行土壤增溫并將土壤溫度的增加量設(shè)置為4℃±1℃,同時采用森林土:泥炭土:腐熟羊糞:本土為1:1:1:2的栽培基質(zhì)配比方式是提高該地區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)綠化樹木存活率及促進(jìn)生長的最佳方案。
[Abstract]:The ecological problem of Tibetan Plateau has attracted more and more attention, in order to guarantee the survival rate of trees in urban and rural areas in the extreme climate, promote the growth of trees. In this study, Tianjun County of Qinghai Province as the study area, using the automatic temperature control electric heating system of tropical soil can increase soil temperature, increasing temperature through different time, different temperature gradient and different substrate ratio experimental study on survival and growth of trees, the results showed that: 1. warming time: in June 7th began warming flowering plum, Populus, lilac, the survival rate reached the highest survival rate of Qinghai spruce, flower Ye Haitang's temperature reached the highest in June 14th to June 7; increasing temperature and growth of Qinghai spruce and flowering. Begonia flowers and leaves the maximum growth rate, June 1st began warming lilac, poplar growth.2. the growth rate of the maximum temperature gradient in soil warming 4: flowering plum - 1 Deg. C, and Qinghai, P. The survival rate of spruce is higher than other treatments, and the flowers Ye Haitang, lilac at 3 - 1 Deg. C when the survival rate is higher than other treatments. In promoting the growth of trees, soil temperature increase 4 - 1 Deg. C when compared with other treatments on flowering, Populus, lilac growth was the best treatment, compared with treatment the biggest role in promoting.3. matrix proportion of Qinghai spruce and other processing of flowers and leaves of Begonia growth of 3 - 1 Deg. C: the forest soil: peat: sheep manure: native 1:1:1:2 proportion of flowering plum, survival rate of flowers and leaves of Begonia are high compared with other treatments, and the lilac, spruce and poplar in Qinghai Peat: Perlite: sheep manure: native 2:1:1:2 ratio under the survival rate is higher than other treatments. In promoting the growth of trees, peat: Perlite: sheep manure: compared with other treatments on local poplar for the 2:1:1:2 treatment, the best treatment for the growth of lilac Forest, soil: peat: sheep manure: native compared with other treatments on flowering plum for the 1:1:1:2 treatment, the best role in promoting Qinghai spruce and flower leaf crabapple growth. Based on the above results, the urban afforestation in the alpine region with automatic temperature control soil warming system started in June 7th and will increase the amount of soil warming the soil temperature is set to 4 - 1 Deg. C, and the forest soil: peat: sheep manure: local cultivation substrates of 1:1:1:2 is to improve the survival rate of trees in urban and rural areas and promote the growth of the best case.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S718.4

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本文編號：1549625