本文關(guān)鍵詞：林冠受損對(duì)南嶺森林土壤固碳微生物的影響　出處：《中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： cbbL基因 Miseq測(cè)序 林冠受損 土壤固碳微生物

【摘要】：土壤固碳微生物是森林土壤碳循環(huán)中重要的組成部分,它們的變化直接影響土壤的固碳效率。本論文在模擬冰災(zāi)、臺(tái)風(fēng)等對(duì)林冠造成損傷的實(shí)驗(yàn)樣地,采集土樣并提取土壤DNA,利用Miseq高通量測(cè)序技術(shù)對(duì)土壤固碳微生物功能基因cbbL進(jìn)行測(cè)序,旨在了解森林受損對(duì)土壤固碳微生物多樣性及其群落結(jié)構(gòu)的影響以及此后的生態(tài)恢復(fù)過(guò)程中土壤固碳微生物群落的變化規(guī)律,探討森林土壤固碳微生物對(duì)林冠受損的響應(yīng),為研究森林土壤固碳微生物固碳潛力提供理論依據(jù)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:(1)林冠開(kāi)度和凋落物輸入量對(duì)土壤固碳微生物菌群有顯著性影響。森林林冠受損1年后,土壤固碳微生物種群數(shù)量明顯降低、多樣性增加;受損2年后,其種群數(shù)量、多樣性均低于對(duì)照;表明森林林冠受損,降低了土壤固碳微生物種群數(shù)量,短期內(nèi)提高其多樣性水平。隨著受損森林的恢復(fù),微生物之間的相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng),其多樣性水平明顯下降;林冠受損4-5年后,其林冠開(kāi)度、凋落物輸入量、土壤固碳微生物的種群數(shù)量、多樣性水平、群落結(jié)構(gòu)組成與對(duì)照差異較小,表明森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)基本恢復(fù)到受損前水平,說(shuō)明受損森林通過(guò)4-5年即可恢復(fù)。(2)森林受損前期,林冠損傷+保留枝葉(TD)要比林冠損傷+移除枝葉(TR)和未損傷+移入枝葉(UD)的單一處理對(duì)土壤固碳微生物的影響要大,但隨著受損森林的恢復(fù),TD處理比TR和UD處理與對(duì)照水平更接近,表明在受損森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)恢復(fù)過(guò)程中,林冠損傷和凋落物輸入雙重處理要比單一處理更易于恢復(fù)。(3)2013年土壤固碳微生物的種群數(shù)量、多樣性指標(biāo)均明顯低于其它年份,相關(guān)性分析研究顯示其與降雨直接相關(guān),2013年降雨過(guò)多降低了固碳微生物的種群數(shù)量和多樣性水平,對(duì)其群落結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生明顯的影響,一些主要類群數(shù)量變化明顯,亞硝化螺菌屬數(shù)量下降,而糖單孢菌屬和Ideonella屬則有較大幅度的上升。表明降雨對(duì)土壤固碳微生物種群數(shù)量、多樣性、群落結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)產(chǎn)生較大的影響。(4)林冠開(kāi)度、凋落物輸入量與土壤固碳微生物種群數(shù)量、多樣性、菌群組成存在正相關(guān)或負(fù)相關(guān),其中的一些存在顯著或極顯著相關(guān);也與土壤pH值、有機(jī)碳、全氮、全磷、有效磷、硝態(tài)氮等化學(xué)性質(zhì)明顯相關(guān);而土壤的化學(xué)成分也與固碳微生物種群數(shù)量、多樣性、物種組成存在相關(guān)性,表明森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中,林木、凋落物、土壤、微生物等各生態(tài)因子是密切相關(guān)的,土壤固碳微生物群落結(jié)構(gòu)受周圍生物、非生物因子的影響。(5)森林土壤固碳微生物在門(mén)水平上可以分到5個(gè)門(mén),即放線菌門(mén)、變形菌門(mén)、藍(lán)藻門(mén)、綠彎菌門(mén)和厚壁菌門(mén);變形菌門(mén)和放線菌門(mén)為優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群,它們的含量占土壤固碳微生物總數(shù)的98.54%;菌群可以分類到59個(gè)屬,在屬水平上,菌群含量超過(guò)5%的菌群有亞硝化螺菌屬、鏈霉菌、糖單孢菌屬、分枝桿菌屬、諾卡氏菌屬、慢生根瘤菌屬,菌群含量在1%-5%的菌群有Ideonella屬、斯塔普氏菌屬、副伯克氏菌屬、產(chǎn)堿桿菌科某屬、慢生型根瘤菌科某屬、伯克氏菌屬、Methyloferula屬、紅長(zhǎng)命菌屬、高溫單孢菌屬、假諾卡氏菌科某屬、黃色桿菌屬、Hydrocarboniphaga屬、擬甲色球藻屬、Caballeronia屬。
[Abstract]:Carbon sequestration of soil microorganism is an important component of forest soil carbon cycle, carbon sequestration efficiency changes directly affect the soil. In this paper, simulation of the ice disaster, typhoon damage experimental plots on the canopy, soil samples and soil DNA extraction, sequencing of soil microbial carbon sequestration function of cbbL gene by Miseq high throughput sequencing technology, in order to understand the damage of forest carbon sequestration in soil microbial diversity and community structure and the influence of the ecological restoration process of carbon sequestration in soil microbial community changes on forest carbon sequestration in soil microbial response to canopy damage, and provide a theoretical basis for the research of forest carbon sequestration in soil microbial carbon sequestration potential. The results are as follows: (1) canopy openness and litter input on carbon sequestration in soil microorganisms have significant influence. The forest canopy damage after 1 years, carbon sequestration of soil microorganism The population decreased obviously, diversity increased; 2 years after the damage, the population number, diversity was lower than the control; showed that the forest canopy damage, reduce the carbon sequestration in soil microbial population, improve the diversity level in the short term. With the restoration of forests damaged, competition between microorganisms, the diversity level obviously drop; canopy damage 4-5 years after the opening of the canopy, litter input, carbon sequestration in soil microbial population, diversity, community structure and control the difference is small, showed that the forest ecosystem has been restored to the level before the basic damage, indicating the damage of forest can be restored through 4-5 (2) forest. The early damage, injury and retaining canopy (TD) leaves than canopy damage and removal leaves (TR) and non injury + into leaves (UD) single treatment effects on soil carbon sequestration of microorganisms to be big, but with the recovery of damaged forest, TD Under TR and UD treatments and the control level closer to that in the recovery process of damaged forest ecosystem, canopy damage and litter input double treatment to more easily recover than single treatment. (3 2013) carbon sequestration in soil microbial population and diversity index were significantly lower than the other years, correlation analysis showed that the direct correlation with rainfall in 2013, excessive rainfall decrease the solid population and diversity of microbial carbon levels have obvious influence on the community structure, changes in the number of major groups obviously, nitrosospira number decreased, while saccharomonospora and Ideonella has increased greatly. It showed that rainfall of carbon sequestration in soil microbial population, diversity, community structure will have a greater impact. (4) canopy openness, litter input and carbon sequestration in soil microbial population, diversity, flora composition. In a positive or negative correlation, some of which have significant or extremely significant correlation; and soil pH value, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen was significantly related to chemical properties; and the chemical composition of the soil and carbon sequestration and microbial population, diversity, species composition correlated. Show that the forest ecological system, forest, litter, soil microorganism, various ecological factors are closely related, carbon sequestration in soil microbial community structure by the surrounding biological effects of abiotic factors. (5) the forest carbon sequestration in soil microorganisms at the gate level can be divided into 5, namely Actinobacteria, cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Firmicutes; Proteobacteria and actinobacteria were dominant bacteria, their content accounted for 98.54% of the total soil carbon sequestration and microbial flora; can be classified into 59 genera, at the genus level, more than 5% of the content of bacteria flora there are Yaxiaohualuo Sp., Streptomyces, saccharomonospora, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Bradyrhizobium, flora in genus Ideonella in 1%-5% flora, Starr P. Copri, deputy Burkholderia genus Alcaligenes, a genus of slow growing Rhizobium, a genus Burkholderia. Genus Methyloferula, genus Rubrivivax, Thermomonospora, false nocardiaceae is a yellow, bacillus, Hydrocarboniphaga, a quasi chroococcus genus, the genus Caballeronia.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)林業(yè)科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S714.3

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