本文關(guān)鍵詞：高溫對(duì)玉米螟赤眼蜂生存和繁殖的影響　出處：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 玉米螟赤眼蜂 短時(shí)極端高溫 持續(xù)中等高溫 寄生數(shù) 羽化率

【摘要】：在我國(guó),玉米螟赤眼蜂是寄生田間玉米螟的優(yōu)勢(shì)種,在遼寧省第二代玉米螟發(fā)生期間,對(duì)玉米螟的卵寄生率常高達(dá)80-90%,因此對(duì)二代玉米螟的發(fā)生及為害起著重要控制作用。近些年來(lái)全球氣候變暖,極端高溫事件頻繁發(fā)生。昆蟲(chóng)作為變溫動(dòng)物,溫度是影響昆蟲(chóng)生物學(xué)和生理生化特性的重要因素之一,對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)的取食、發(fā)育、交配、生殖、寄生及壽命等都有顯著的影響,進(jìn)而影響到昆蟲(chóng)的發(fā)生規(guī)律,種群大小及分布。通過(guò)研究溫度與天敵昆蟲(chóng)的關(guān)系,有助于研究天敵昆蟲(chóng)在田間的種群數(shù)量變動(dòng)及其飼養(yǎng)、低溫貯藏與釋放的合理策略等等。加之,使得溫度與昆蟲(chóng)(尤其是天敵類(lèi)昆蟲(chóng))之間的關(guān)系更為復(fù)雜,迫切需要更加全面、更加有針對(duì)性的研究。因此,本文以玉米螟赤眼蜂為研究對(duì)象,研究了高溫對(duì)玉米螟赤眼蜂的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖的影響。研究結(jié)果如下:通過(guò)對(duì)蛹后期赤眼蜂于42℃不同時(shí)長(zhǎng)處理,得出了不同處理時(shí)長(zhǎng)的高溫對(duì)赤眼蜂的寄生能力與子代的羽化造成顯著影響,且產(chǎn)卵期延長(zhǎng),總寄生數(shù)降低。高溫處理2h使得寄生卵量與子代羽化量集中在前3d。此外,不同處理時(shí)長(zhǎng)的高溫對(duì)赤眼蜂的雌蜂壽命造成顯著影響:處理3h和4h的雌蜂壽命顯著減少。但各處理組與對(duì)照相比雄蜂壽命變化不明顯。通過(guò)對(duì)玉米螟赤眼蜂不同發(fā)育階段對(duì)高溫的熱敏感性的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)赤眼蜂不同發(fā)育階段其耐熱性從高到低為:蛹中期蛹后期蛹前期成蟲(chóng)期幼蟲(chóng)期卵期。對(duì)玉米螟赤眼蜂母代全部發(fā)育階段進(jìn)行中等高溫(32℃)處理,減少了母代赤眼蜂的產(chǎn)卵量;若在母代產(chǎn)卵期恢復(fù)常溫條件,其子代羽化蜂量的變化不顯著;僅對(duì)母代產(chǎn)卵期持續(xù)進(jìn)行中等高溫處理,顯著降低子代羽化率。
[Abstract]:In China, corn borer Trichogramma is the dominant species of corn borer in the field. During the second generation of corn borer in Liaoning Province, the parasitic rate of corn borer eggs is as high as 80-90%. Therefore, it plays an important role in controlling the occurrence and damage of the second generation corn borer. In recent years, the global warming, extreme high temperature events occur frequently. Temperature is one of the important factors affecting the biological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of insects. It has a significant effect on the feeding, development, mating, reproduction, parasitism and longevity of insects, and then affects the occurrence of insects. Population size and distribution. By studying the relationship between temperature and natural enemy insects, it is helpful to study the population changes and breeding of natural enemy insects in the field, the reasonable strategy of low temperature storage and release, and so on. It makes the relationship between temperature and insects (especially natural enemies) more complex, and needs more comprehensive and targeted research. Therefore, this paper takes Trichogramma furnacalis as the research object. The effects of high temperature on the growth, development and reproduction of Trichogramma furnacalis were studied. The results showed that the parasitic ability of Trichogramma and the emergence of offspring were significantly affected by the high temperature of different treatments, and the oviposition period was prolonged. The total parasitic number decreased. After 2 hours of high temperature treatment, the number of parasitic eggs and the amount of emergence of offspring were concentrated in the first 3 days. The longevity of female Trichogramma was significantly affected by high temperature at different treatments. The lifespan of female wasps decreased significantly at 3 h and 4 h, but there was no significant difference between the treatment groups and the control. The thermal sensitivity of Trichogramma furnacalis at different developmental stages to high temperature was studied. It was found that the heat resistance of Trichogramma in different developmental stages was from high to low: the larval egg stage of prepupae stage in the late stage of pupae, and the treatment of medium high temperature (32 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1408453